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Biomedical subjects

J Blom

Publications and source records attributed to J Blom.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

A study of certain functional parameters of monocytes from patients with multiple myeloma: comparison with monocytes from healthy individuals.

Selected functions (i.e. phagocytosis and chemotaxis of circulating blood monocytes were studied on cells obtained from 20 patients with untreated multiple myeloma (MM) and the results were compared with those obtained on cells from 60 healthy persons. The mean number of circulating monocytes was only slightly increased over the normal value although a marked monocytosis was demonstrated in all of the 4 patients with M-components of the lambda light chain type. Plasma cells isolated from peripheral blood and from bone marrow of patients with MM were found to possess a strong alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity. No differences were observed in the phagocytic activity of monocytes from patients compared with those of the controls, whereas the chemotactic responsiveness of the monocytes from the patients was slightly increased.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Human blood monocyte function in relation to age.

The human blood monocyte function in relation to age has been studied in 60 healthy persons (age range 24-94 years). No differences between females and males were seen. The number of phagocytized Candida albicans per monocyte decreased with ageing (greater than 70 years). Peripheral blood monocyte count, pinocytosis, phagocytosis of latex beads, chemotactic responsiveness and intracellular killing of Candida albicans were independent of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serological cross-reactions between Mycoplasma genitalium and Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

The recently discovered mycoplasma species Mycoplasma genitalium was isolated from urethral specimens from men with nongonococcal urethritis (Tully et al., Lancet i:1288-1291, 1981). In a previous report (K. Lind, Lancet ii:1158-1159, 1982), prominent serological cross-reactions were demonstrated between this mycoplasma and M. pneumoniae. In the present study, the two mycoplasma species were compared more extensively. In classical mycoplasma medium without thallium acetate, M. genitalium grew more slowly than M. pneumoniae did but finally formed similar amounts of acetic acid and lactic acid from glucose. Although their colonies on solid medium were indistinguishable, transmission electron microscopy showed that the flask-formed cells of M. genitalium (especially their necks) were shorter than those of M. pneumoniae. The two species were distinct since DNA hybridization showed only 1.8% homology in base sequences, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed significantly different profiles of the two strains. However, considerable similarities were found in their antigenic reactions in various serological tests. The presence of common or closely related antigens was demonstrated in the two species with rabbit immune sera in complement fixation test with chloroform-methanol-extracted antigens by an indirect immunofluorescence test on microcolonies, and by metabolism inhibition and growth inhibition tests. Cross-reactions were also demonstrated by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. The role of M. genitalium as a human pathogen in the genital tract has not been assessed. If serological tests are to be used in this assessment, caution must be exercised due to the extensive cross-reactions demonstrated. Some of the species-specific antigens which we have demonstrated would be appropriate for use in such tests and would help to circumvent problems caused by cross-reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Immunological investigations in aplastic anemia patients.

In 53 patients with aplastic anemia (AA) a number of parameters concerning immune responsiveness were analyzed. Severe monocytopenia and B-lymphocytopenia was detected in most patients, especially in those with diffuse lymphocyte infiltration in the bone marrow. T-inducer (OKT4)/T-suppressor (OKT8) ratios were normal. The mean IgG level was significantly decreased. The frequency of specific antibodies to common viruses was comparable to that of healthy donors except for cytomegalovirus to which antibodies were less frequently found. The responding capacity in MLC was normal but patients' lymphocytes were often less stimulating than control lymphocytes. Radioresistant suppressor cells were found in 1 patient. In vitro lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens and antigens was severely impaired, related to the numbers of monocytes present. When allogeneic monocytes were added, mitogen responses could be restored.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1984

Cryptosporidium enterocolitis in homosexual men with AIDS.

Two homosexual Danish men with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) contracted cryptosporidium enterocolitis. One patient died in another opportunistic infection, the other developed severe chronic enterocolitis with malabsorption. The cryptosporidia escape detection on routine stool examination, but are easily demonstrated by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain. It is suggested that this procedure should be applied when persons from AIDS high risk groups or patients with other forms of immunological incompetence develop prolonged diarrhoea.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

Photon-deficient bone scan lesion as a precursor of active Paget's disease.

A case is presented in which a Pagetoid lesion was demonstrated as a photon-deficient area (cold spot) on the bone scan. This area changed into a hot spot 3 years after its discovery. Clinical and radiological observations provide evidence that a scintigraphically photon-deficient area may represent a precursor of active Paget's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Improved fusion technique. III. The growth promoting activity of lipopolysaccharide, dextran sulfate, and red cell lysate added to Hy-clone calf serum.

A new high quality young-calf serum, Hy-clone calf serum (HcCS), was tested for use in hybridoma culture. This calf serum alone had little growth promoting activity and was much inferior to fetal calf serum (FCS). Red cell lysate (RCL) used in combination with the young-calf serum showed very good growth promoting activity. Growth was increased about threefold over that in the presence of FCS. However, HcCS and RCL could not substitute for feeder cells when hybridomas were cultured as single cells under conditions of limiting dilution. It is thought likely that the potent growth promoting factor in red cell lysate is hemoglobin.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Improved fusion technique. I. Human umbilical cord serum, a new and potent growth promoter, compared with other B cell and hybridoma activators.

Accelerated proliferation of hybridoma cells was observed in the presence of human umbilical cord serum (HUCS). This had very strong growth-promoting activity, even at a concentration of 2%. A comparison was made between HUCS and other B cell growth promoters, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and dextran sulfate (DxS), macrophage supernatant, and human endothelial culture supernatant (HECS). The growth-promoting effect of HUCS was superior. Using a microcytotoxicity assay, we found no significant differences in the number of antibody producing clones with the various culture media, except for fetal calf serum.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A comparison between the diagnostic efficacy of 99mTc-MDP, 99mTc-DPD and 99mTc-HDP for the detection of bone metastases.

We have investigated the clinical efficacy for the detection of bone metastases of two recently marketed bone-seeking radiopharmaceuticals, HDP and DPD, compared with traditionally used MDP. Twenty patients received 15 mCi 99mTc-MDP; after assessment ten of these patients later received 15 mCi 99mTc-DPD and ten other patients of this group were injected with 15 mCi 99mTc-HDP. Scintigraphy took place 3 h after tracer injection. Quantitative analysis included the calculation of normal bone to soft tissue ratios, lesion to soft tissue ratios and lesion to normal bone ratios for all three radiopharmaceuticals. Visual inspection of the scintiphotos revealed the same number of bone lesions at the same localisations. Statistical evaluation of our quantitative data showed that the lesion to normal bone ratio was significantly higher for MDP than for DPD. No further significant differences in the uptake in normal bone or in the metastatic lesions were found between all three radiopharmaceuticals. It is concluded that the new bone-seeking agents DPD and HDP do not possess clinical advantages over MDP for the detection of skeletal metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cholescintigraphy with 99mTc-diethyl-IDA for the detection of rejection of auxiliary liver transplants in pigs.

In 15 pigs an auxiliary liver was transplanted and cholescintigraphy with 99mTc-diethyl-IDA was performed to study the function of the livers separately. Serial scintigraphy of the recipient and donor liver was performed on days 3, 8 and 18 after transplantation and time-activity curves over 1 h after injection of the radio-tracer were generated for each liver. From these data the time at which the maximal activity was present in the liver (Tmax) and the time at which during the excretion phase half of this activity was still present in the organ (T1/2) were determined. Liver biopsy material from the recipient liver and the donor liver was obtained at (approximately) the day of one of the scintigraphic examinations and at autopsy. In all cases no histological abnormalities were found in the recipient liver. In 4 pigs there were no histological signs of rejection of the donor liver, in which cases the values for Tmax and T1/2 were normal. In 11 pigs histological signs of rejection were noticed and in all of these cases T1/2 was significantly prolonged, whereas no changes in Tmax were observed. Cholescintigraphy revealed an abnormal value for T1/2 a few days before the biopsy was taken in 10 of these 11 cases. Normal functioning or the prediction of rejection of the auxiliary liver transplant in pigs correlated significantly (P less than 0.01) with normal or prolonged T1/2 values. It is concluded that cholescintigraphy may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis of rejection of liver transplants.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Phase II trial of galactitol 1,2:5,6-dianhydro (NSC 132313) in the treatment of advanced gynecologic malignancies: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.

Dianhydrogalactitol was administered intravenously to patients with advanced or recurrent gynecologic malignancies on a weekly schedule. The initial dosage was 60 mg/m2 with escalation to 75 mg/m2 if there were no adverse effects. Forty-two patients with ovarian epithelial adenocarcinoma (OEA) and forty-one patients with squamous carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) were entered into this study. Of these, 39 patients with OEA and 36 with SCC were evaluable for toxicity and response. Seven patients (19.4%) with SCC had an objective response, while six patients (15.4%) with OEA had an objective response. Adverse effects were frequent but tolerable. There were no drug-related deaths, and only two patients suffered life-threatening hematologic toxicity. Myelosuppression was observed more frequently among the patients with OEA. A higher percentage of OEA patients had received prior chemotherapy. The level of activity and frequency of adverse effects observed at this dose schedule warrant further studies of this drug in these two tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Morphology of cells and hemagglutinogens of Bordetella species: resolution of substructural units in fimbriae of Bordetella pertussis.

The morphology of cells and the hemagglutinogens isolated from cultures of Bordetella pertussis, Bordetella bronchiseptica, and Bordetella parapertussis were studied by electron microscopy with the negative-staining technique. Cells of all three species had long, thin (3 nm thick), peritrichously arranged fimbriae on the cell surface. Similar structures were found in purified hemagglutinogen preparations together with shorter fimbrial structures 3 nm thick and from 40 to 100 nm long. In one experiment, long, thin fimbriae isolated from B. pertussis were found to be arranged in a crystalline structure on the specimen grid after negative staining. Optical diffraction analysis with a filtering technique performed on micrographs of these structures revealed 12.5-nm-long substructures within individual fimbriae. Further analysis resolved each of these structures into three globules, a central globule 3.5 nm in diameter and two diametrically opposed globules 2.5 nm in diameter. Based on this substructural composition, it is suggested that subunits of the individual fimbriae are connected by fragile regions. The presence of such regions would explain the size heterogeneity of the filamentous structures observed in preparations of hemagglutinogens isolated from cultures of B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica. The concept that the short filamentous structures present in purified preparations of hemagglutinogens originate from the surface fimbriae present on the cells is supported.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1983

Methyl-CCNU, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and streptozocin (MOF-STREP) in metastatic colo-rectal carcinoma.

Forty patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma who had received no prior chemotherapy were entered onto a trial of methyl-CCNU, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and streptozocin (MOF-STREP). Ten of 40 (25%) responded. Two patients (5%) achieved a complete response and eight patients (20%) a partial response. In addition, 10 patients previously treated with chemotherapy received the MOF-STREP regimen; 1 of 10 (10%) responded. The duration of the complete responses were 5 and 16 mo, respectively. The median duration of the partial responses was 4 mo with a range of 1-16 mo. The median survival of the 11 responders was 14 mo. Median survival of the 39 nonresponders was 5 months. Responders lived significantly longer than nonresponders (p = 0.03, log-rank). Toxicity was severe with nausea and vomiting common after streptozocin and myelosuppression requiring dose reductions in 70% of patients. We compare our findings using this regimen to those of two previously reported trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Late relapse of testicular cancer.

The complete response (CR) rate of disseminated germ-cell tumors with current aggressive chemotherapy and surgical resection of localized residual disease is between 70%-80%. Most patients who relapse do so within the first year of therapy. We have observed seven patients with germ-cell tumors treated with a variety of modalities who relapsed after more than two years in CR (45-87 months). Five patients are alive after salvage therapy with follow-up too short to assess the durability of second remission. There were no features distinguishing late relapse patients from all patients treated with chemotherapy for germ-cell tumors. Follow-up in patients treated for germ-cell tumors with chemotherapy should be extended to five years before curability can be established.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Misleading 67Ga uptake and serial bone scintigraphy in osteoid osteoma.

5 consecutive patients with osteoid osteoma were examined with bone scintigraphy and 67Ga scintigraphy. In 2 cases a 'three-phase' bone scintigraphy was performed. Scintigraphic features included obvious 67Ga uptake and diffusely increased accumulation on blood pool images. Thus, osteoid osteoma may possess the same scintigraphic characteristics as osteomyelitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and low-dose continuous infusion bleomycin in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study No. 7804.

Fifty-eight evaluable patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with a low dose, 120-hour continuous intravenous infusion of bleomycin in combination with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone. Pharmacokinetic data, obtained in six patients, confirm that steady-state plasma concentrations of bleomycin can be attained even with the administration of 2 units/day of the drug. Neither clinical pulmonary toxicity nor subclinical pulmonary changes, as determined by serial measurement of the single breath carbon monoxide-diffusing capacity, were observed. Compared to similar chemotherapeutic programs utilizing bolus administration of bleomycin, pulmonary toxicity may be reduced. Response frequencies among 37 previously untreated patients were similar to those obtained using the same chemotherapeutic agents but with intravenous bolus administration of bleomycin. In addition, 18 of 21 patients who had received prior chemotherapy responded. Low dose, continuous intravenous infusion of bleomycin may improve the therapeutic index of combination chemotherapy programs for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Adult↗