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Biomedical subjects

J Berry

Publications and source records attributed to J Berry.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Appendicitis near its centenary.

In an analysis of the first 72 cases treated after the formulation of the appendicitis syndrome in 1886 compared with the experience from 1929-1959 and with 307 randomly selected recent cases, the major therapeutic trend has been an emphasis on appendectomy before perforation and abscess formation occur. The rate of infection nonetheless remains approximately 17%. Although the overall mortality rate has declined from 26% overall (40% for surgery) to 0.8%, the current rate of perforation is 28%, with a diagnostic accuracy of 82%. Among 13,848 patients from several reports the perforation rate increases linearly with diagnostic accuracy; therefore, a balance must be sought. Delay awaiting a diagnosis is a major determinant of perforation, but diagnostic aids are of limited help. Clinical acuity and prudent decisiveness are the keys to proper action.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

Neonatal intensive care. The nurse's role in supporting the family.

In this article we have reviewed the family's response to the crisis of premature birth and the sick newborn infant. We included the structure and availability of perinatal care because many states have alternative programs. The discussion of the nurse's role in supporting families was set in our level III ICN. But it is our belief and hope that nurses can apply the same principles and methods described, in any ICN, regardless of level. The nurse's role we have described clearly demonstrates the value of the continuity the nurses can provide as a basis for supporting families. The extended role of the primary nurse can and does provide support for families to an even greater extent.

Communication↗
PubMed1983

Long-term biological consequences of nuclear war.

Subfreezing temperatures, low light levels, and high doses of ionizing and ultraviolet radiation extending for many months after a large-scale nuclear war could destroy the biological support systems of civilization, at least in the Northern Hemisphere. Productivity in natural and agricultural ecosystems could be severely restricted for a year or more. Postwar survivors would face starvation as well as freezing conditions in the dark and be exposed to near-lethal doses of radiation. If, as now seems possible, the Southern Hemisphere were affected also, global disruption of the biosphere could ensue. In any event, there would be severe consequences, even in the areas not affected directly, because of the interdependence of the world economy. In either case the extinction of a large fraction of the Earth's animals, plants, and microorganisms seems possible. The population size of Homo sapiens conceivably could be reduced to prehistoric levels or below, and extinction of the human species itself cannot be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Length of the Y chromosome and chromosomal variants in inpatient children with psychiatric disorders: two studies.

In a study of 41 inpatient boys with psychiatric disorders, it was found that this group had significantly increased length of the long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq+) as compared to a normal control group. The length of the Y chromosome in the inpatient group correlated with psychiatric symptom severity, hyperactivity, parental psychopathology and paternal alcoholism. A further study of minor chromosomal variants in 56 inpatient boys and girls revealed no differences in individual or pooled variants in the patient group, as compared to the control group. However, those in the patient group with one or more variants showed more severe psychiatric and other psychosocial symptoms than those in the group without variants. Those who had both longer Y chromosomes and a minor chromosomal variant had more severe psychiatric symptom severity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Vitamin D metabolism in hyperthyroidism.

The serum concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25 OH D3), 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [24,25(OH)-2D3] and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D3] were measured in twenty-one patients with untreated hyperthyroidism. Compared with control subjects, 25 OH D3 concentrations were not altered, 24,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were increased, although not significantly and 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were decreased (P = 0.01). Following oral carbimazole therapy, 24,25(OH)2D3 concentrations fell (P less than 0.01), 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations increased (P less than 0.01) and 25 OH D3 concentrations were unchanged. The altered 1,25(OH)2D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3 concentrations found in hyperthyroidism are probably due to the effects of thyroid hormone on bone and mineral metabolism. Increased serum calcium and phosphate concentrations with secondary hypoparathyroidism result in stimulation of the renal 24-hydroxylase and suppression of the 1-hydroxylase enzymes. In addition, serum 24,25(OH)2D3 concentrations were significantly correlated with serum triiodothyronine levels (T3) (r = 0.66, P less than 0.002) before treatment. This may indicate a direct stimulatory effect of T3 on 24-hydroxylase activity. No relationship was found between serum 1,25(OH)2D3 concentrations before therapy and serum T3.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1982

A multicenter evaluation of variables affecting the predictability of creatinine clearance.

Data from 722 urine collections (627 patients) from 14 medical facilities were used to compare measured creatinine clearance values with clearance estimates calculated using three "urine-free' mathematical formulas. The influence of two patient weight variables (actual weight, lean body weight) and the level of renal function on clearance prediction was assessed. In addition, site parameters (region, facility), time parameters (month, day, day of the week), and patient parameters (age, sex, height, weight, diagnoses) were evaluated for their statistical influence on the relationship between measured clearance and estimates calculated with one of the methods. Strong, statistically significant correlations were observed between clearance values estimated with each prediction method and measured clearances. Although statistical differences were noticed between mean values predicted with each method, these differences were clinically insignificant. Use of lean body weight for calculation of creatinine excretion produced clearance estimates that were significantly lower than those obtained with actual weight and substantially closer to measured clearance values. Among patient variables, age and two specific diagnoses (congestive heart failure and pregnancy), were statistically associated with variability in the relationship between measured and predicted clearance. Interregional and interfacility differences in the measured-predicted clearance relationship, variability associated with the day of the week of collection, and tendency of the urine-free formulas to over-predict clearance support potential inaccuracy of measured clearance determination. The results suggest that inaccuracies in clearance determination, rather than inadequacies of urine-free prediction methods, account for the majority of the observed variability in the relationship.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

Gynecomastia after cytotoxic therapy for metastatic testicular cancer.

Four men with metastatic nonseminomatous testicular cancer, who had received combination chemotherapy, experienced transient gynecomastia. Serum hormone levels were measured during and after the resolution of the gynecomastia. These levels indicated toxic effects on Leydig's cells and germinal epithelium concurrent with raised serum estradiol levels in the absence of tumor. The gynecomastia may have been caused by Leydig's cell dysfunction or refeeding after substantial weight loss. This benign form of gynecomastia must be recognized to avoid unnecessary investigation and treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Argon laser office procedures.

The seldom-reported value of argon laser photocoagulation in the office has been discussed. The technic of treating recurrent trichiasis, and managing deep or irritating eyelid sutures or postoperative cataract sutures with argon laser light was described. Hopefully, further investigation will be focused on this modern modality in the management of various eyelid and ocular conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Psychose passionnelle in successive generations.

This paper describes two women. The first was admitted to hospital having suddenly, and without adequate reason, developed the idea that a senior married colleague at her workplace had fallen deeply in love with her. The second woman is her mother, who had been admitted to the same hospital twenty-two years earlier with a well systematized delusion that her husband was unfaithful. Both syndromes have been described by de Clérambault as two of the three forms of psychose passionnelle. The present report is intended to clarify the concepts of psychose passionelle and demonstrate the similarities between jealousy and erotomania. We believe these case histories describe the first reported instance of psychose passionnelle in successive generations of one family.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Comparative evaluation of coated and uncoated polyglactin 910 in cataract and muscle surgery.

This study describes the intraoperative and postoperative performance of coated and uncoated Polyglactin 910 in cataract and muscle surgery. The evaluation represents an animal and clinical comparison of 5-0 coated and uncoated Polyglactin 910 in 50 muscle cases and 7-0 coated and uncoated Polyglactin 910 in 150 cataract cases. Both Polyglactin 910 sutures provided high tensile strength, good knot security, batch-to-batch uniformity, ease of handling, minimal reaction, and a predictable absorption rate. Improvements noted in the coated suture were: (1) easier passage through tissue, (2) less chatter in tying, (3) fewer instances of premature tie, and (4) decreased tendency to incarcerate tissue.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

A comparative evaluation of 9-0 monofilament and 9-0 braid polyglactin 910 in cataract surgery (intracapsular, extracapsular, and phacoemulsification).

This study describes the operative and postoperative performance of 9-0 monofilament and 9-0 braid Polyglactin 910 synthetic absorbable sutures in cataract surgery. The evaluation represents a clinical comparison of the sutures in 150 cataract surgical procedures. In a comparative evaluation each suture provided specific performance advantages: (table: see text). To date, the 9-0 monofilament and 9-0 braid Polyglactin 910 sutures are the smallest useful absorbable sutures developed for cataract surgery. While these sutures seem safe for use with phacoemulsification as sole wound closure materials, we recommend the use of nylon stints for intracapsular and extracapsular procedures until further experience is gained.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1979

Recurrent trichiasis: treatment with laser photocoagulation.

Treatment of recurrent trichiasis with argon laser photocoagulation is discussed. The laser cutting light is guided into the depths of the eyelid to cauterize the diseased follicles. Eight treated cases have been followed for over six months with satisfactory results.

Eyelashes↗
PubMed1977

The Stickler syndrome (hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy).

Three patients with Stickler syndrome are reported. Two of the patients were found among the 26 children attending a special pre-school for the visually impaired. One of the patients had bilateral choanal atresia which may represent an extreme example of the mid-facial hypoplasia commonly seen in these patients. It appears that Stickler syndrome may not be as rare as previously thought.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗