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Biomedical subjects

J Banks

Publications and source records attributed to J Banks.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Disinfection in upper-digestive-tract endoscopy in Britain.

A contaminated endoscope may infect patients at upper-gastrointestinal-tract endoscopy (oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy and endoscopic cholangio-pancreatography) either by the transmission of infection from one patient to another or by inoculation of potentially pathogenic bacteria which have multiplied in the instrument and ancillary equipment during storage. These dangers can be eliminated by careful disinfection with glutaraldehyde, other aldehyde disinfectants, or povidone-iodine. Few centres in Britain are using an effective disinfection procedure and of those who have used glutaraldehyde (the most widely employed) 37% have had serious problems with staff sensitivity. A quick, effective, and safe method for the disinfection of fibreoptic instruments is urgently needed.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1980

Experimental chlamydial salpingitis in the guinea pig.

Acute self-limited salpingitis developed when guinea pigs' fallopian tubes were infected with the guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis agent (Chlamydia psittaci). The disease peaked at approximately 8 days post infection and had diminished markedly by day 14. The inflammatory reaction was concentrated at the luminal surface. Chlamydial replication was demonstrated and inclusions were found in epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Colonoscopy.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Colonic Diseases↗
PubMed1978

The physcial properties of human pulmonary arteries and veins.

1. We have studied the extensibility of circumferential strips of main pulmonary artery and large pulmonary veins obtained at post mortem from patients of all ages, dying from conditions other than heart and lung disease. 2. The vessel strips were submitted to increasing loads in a tension balance. The pulmonary arteries were found to be readily extensible. This extensibility became less with increasing age. The pulmonary veins were virtually inextensible at all ages. 3. It is postulated that the large extraparenchymal pulmonary veins have a capacitative role in supplying blood from the lungs to the left atrium. This may be accomplished by their collapsible nature, as they have little capability of distension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Structural basis for the changing physical properties of human pulmonary vessels with age.

Circumferential strips of pulmonary vessel wall were obtained at necropsy from the major arterial and venous branches at the lung hilum in patients aged 7-87 years. The extensibility of these strips was measured using the tension balance method of Harris et al. (British Heart Journal, 1965, 27, 651-659). The vessels were then bisected, and half of each strip was submitted for structural analysis using morphometric methods on paraffin sections stained to show the collagen, elastin, and muscle content. The other halves of the formalin-fixed vessel strips were examined chemically to determine their collagen content by estimation of the total hydroxyproline content. The thickness of the vessel media was measured microscopically on all of the sections examined. Quantitative measurements were made on 42 arteries and 37 veins. Contrary to expectation, there was a steady fall in medial collagen content with increasing age in arteries and veins. The decrease in collagen content was similar in the morphometric and chemical studies and was statistically significant. The thickness of the vessel media did not change significantly with age. The pulmonary artery and vein strips were less extensible in the older age groups, the main change occurring in the elastic phase of the vascular stress/strain curves. It is suggested that changes in the elastic tissue at a molecular and lamellar level are responsible for the increasing stiffness of pulmonary vessels rather than changes in the medial collagen content.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

The use of cycloheximide-treated cells for isolating trachoma agents under field conditions.

Standard procedures for the isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis require pretreatment of the tissue culture cells. We evaluated the use of cycloheximide, an antimetabolite that can be added to the cells with the inoculum. Cycloheximide-treated cells provided a sensitive system for isolating trachoma agents. This system was applicable to field studies as requirements for equipment were minimal and the cells were 2 weeks old when inoculated.

Chlamydia trachomatis↗
PubMed1976

Anionic polysaccharide production and tyrosinase activation in cultured human melanoma cells.

A human melanoma cell line established in our laboratory was characterized in terms of tyrosinase activity and anionic polysaccharide production. Tyrosinase levels were diluted during the growth phase and increased after the cell culture became confluent. The anionic polysaccharides produced included hyaluronic acid, heparitin sulfate, and a high-molecular-weight condroitin 4-sulfate. In contrast, a primary culture of human melanocytes derived from embryonic iris produced much greater amounts of hyaluronic acid, about 30-fold less heparitin sulfate, and a mixture of chondroitin 4-sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Saccharides secreted into the culture medium were generally identical to those remaining cell associated except for the melanoma heparitin sulfate, wherein the latter fraction appeared to be of lower molecular weight.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Serotyping of Chlamydia: isolates of bovine origin.

Chlamydial isolates of bovine origin were serotyped by a plaque reduction method. Of the two major serotypes observed, type 1 included isolates from bovine abortion and enteric infections, whereas type 2 isolates were associated with polyarthritis or encephalomyelitis. These two serotypes were identical to those with a similar disease distribution previously observed in isolates of ovine origin. The two groups did not cross-react and they were serologically unrelated to chlamydiae of avian origin. Thus, it appears that many chlamydial isolates causing intestinal infections or abortion in sheep or cattle are closely related antigenically, as are those producing polyarthritis, encephalomyelitis, and conjunctivitis, and that the two groups are distinct.

Abomasum↗
PubMed1975

The production of acidic polysaccharides by 5-bromodeoxyuridine-treated B16 mouse melanoma cells.

B16 melanoma cells were treated in culture with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine. The cell-associated and released proteoglycans and sialoglycopeptides were compared to those of control cultures treated with thymidine. The 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-treated cultures showed a marked reduction in the proportion of cell-associated proteoglycans and sialoglycopeptides, an increase in the synthesis of hyaluronic acid, the absence of high-molecular-weight chondroitin sulfate, and the presence of increased amounts of heparan sulfate in the media. In addition, the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine-treated cells had a higher DNA content and were larger than controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Properties of acidic saccharides produced by B16 melanoma cells treated with 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine.

A cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor, 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine, promoted the differentiation and maturation of B16 melanoma cells, phenomena associated with biological alterations in the surface properties of the cells. 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthien inhibited cell replication and increased the intracellular content of melanin and cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate. Significantly greater amounts of sialoglycoproteins were associated with 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine-treated cells. However, the total amount of [3H] glucosamine incorporated into anionic polysaccharide (both sialoglycopeptide and mucopolysaccharides) was not significantly changed.

2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1974

Serotyping of Chlamydia. I. Isolates of ovine origin.

Eight chlamydial isolates of ovine origin were tested in a plaque reduction system using homologous and heterologous rooster antisera. The eight isolates could be separated into two separate immunotypes. Type 1 included isolates associated with ovine abortion and one agent recovered from the feces of an apparently normal sheep. Type 2 isolates were associated with polyarthritis and conjunctivitis. These two serotypes were not cross-reactive with several chlamydiae of avian origin. Further application of the plaque reduction test may provide a useful means of typing chlamydiae.

Animals↗