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Biomedical subjects

J B Ryan

Publications and source records attributed to J B Ryan.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Partner risk: the hidden threat of capitated provider networks.

As provider networks align risk-sharing incentives, they must avoid partner risks that could pose a threat to the network. Partner risk results when actions taken by one or more partners in a network threaten to adversely affect other partners in the network. Such risk can arise from the way partners manage cost drivers under capitation or through passing risk to one another.

Capitation Fee↗
PubMed1996

Pediatric primary care vision examination.

Pediatric vision care is important to the welfare of every child. Recent research has shown that early vision care is advantageous for proper vision development. Primary vision care is recommended for infants and young children. Techniques used for the pediatric population are different from those used for the adult population. Measurement of visual function is greatly dependent on the examiner's skill in integrating knowledge of normal development, use of age-appropriate tests, and observational abilities. This paper is a summary of techniques that are applicable to the primary care examination of infants and young children. Comments are included on patient management and practice preparation to welcome young children.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Men and women in optometry. I: Economic issues and professional profiles.

BACKGROUND: Optometry is experiencing a sharp increase in the number of women entering practice. How is this demographic shift likely to affect the profession? This survey was designed to describe current economic and professional profiles of men and women in optometry. METHODS: A survey questionnaire was mailed to a nationwide random sample of optometrists, equal numbers of men and women. RESULTS: Data were analyzed from 353 men and 356 women. Margin of error: +/- 4 percent. On average, women optometrists are younger than men, work 9.4 percent fewer hours, and spend 8.1 percent more time away from their regular professional duties. In 1991 men's optometry income averaged $72,200; women's, $54,400. The income differential persisted after adjusting for age, practice setting, work week, time off, and specialty. Men are more likely to be in solo practice; women in group practice or salaried positions. Similar proportions of men and women are employed in corporate optometry. Few gender differences exist in patient services or other professional activities. CONCLUSIONS: Women optometrists have not yet gained economic equity with men. Male-female similarities in practice patterns suggest that optometry is unlikely to experience major changes in consequence of more women entering the profession.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Sports medicine.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: aspects of the clinical picture and analyses of possible changes 1986-1990.

A standard questionnaire was used to record the presence of specific clinical signs reported for histopathologically confirmed cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy observed before June 30, 1990, and the frequencies of these signs were analysed. The signs most frequently recorded were apprehension, hyperaesthesia and ataxia, and there were variations in the frequency with which some signs were recorded in animals observed at different times during the epidemic. These variations were considered to be the result of differences between observers and differences in the duration of the illness, rather than a change in the clinical picture, which could possibly have occurred with a change in the nature of the agent to which the cattle had been exposed, or to a change in their response to the agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: epidemiological features 1985 to 1990.

Following the identification of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the British cattle population in 1986 epidemiological studies were launched. This paper provides an updated account of the epidemiological features of BSE from 1985, when the first cases, based on clinical histories, occurred, until 1990. The number of cases up to December 1989 represents an annual incidence of 3.9 confirmed cases per 1000 adult animals in Great Britain. Many more dairy herds were affected than beef suckler herds, a difference attributable to the difference in feeding practices between the two herd types. The geographical variation in incidence previously described has persisted with the highest incidence in the south and east of England. Other features of the epidemiology, including the low within-herd incidence, remained unaltered from the earlier findings. The results support the previously suggested hypothesis that the outbreak of BSE was due to the sudden exposure of the cattle population to a scrapie-like agent in 1981/82. There was no evidence of direct transmission between cattle during the period considered.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: case-control studies of calf feeding practices and meat and bonemeal inclusion in proprietary concentrates.

Following the identification of meat and bonemeal as the most likely source of exposure for the occurrence of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Great Britain case-control studies were initiated to investigate this hypothesis. These involved a comparison of the consumption of specific proprietary calf feedstuffs, and whether or not meat and bonemeal had been included, between animals born in 1983-84 in BSE-unaffected herds and confirmed cases of BSE also born in 1983-84. The feeding of proprietary concentrates containing meat and bonemeal was found to be a statistically significant risk factor for the occurrence of BSE. These studies therefore support the initial hypothesis that BSE occurred as a result of exposure to a scrapie-like agent via meat and bonemeal.

Animal Feed↗