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Biomedical subjects

J Arlet

Publications and source records attributed to J Arlet.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Pulse corticoid therapy in rheumatology].

Infusions of corticosteroids in massive doses (methylprednisolone 1 g/day for 1 to 3 days) are used by nephrologists against acute episodes of rejection of transplanted kidneys and in acute glomeruloneppritis , especially lupic , with threatening renal failure. During the last few years this method has been tried in collagen diseases, notably in acute episodes of systemic lupus erythematosus without renal insufficiency, in rheumatoid arthritis and in ankylosing spondylitis. Published controlled studies concerning these three diseases are too few for firm conclusions to be drawn. The improvement obtained during 3 months on average after 3 g (1 g/day for 3 days) is not observed in all patients and it is not certain that such high doses are innocuous: they do not seem to have been responsible for deaths, as reported in patients with renal transplantation, but undesirable side-effects are observed in one-half of the cases. Close supervision with repeated measurement of blood electrolytes and electrocardiograms is mandatory during and immediately after treatment.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1983

[Bi-Profenid in rheumatologic practice].

Sixty-six patients managed in an outpatient clinic for various inflammatory or degenerative conditions were given 300 mg per day of Bi-Profenid in two daily doses of one 150 mg tablet each, for 20 days. At completion of the trial, patients with degenerative disease showed a statistically significant improvement in pain upon mobilization, nocturnal pain and pain index as evaluated by the pain scale. Similarly, in patients with inflammatory conditions, significant effectiveness was recorded upon nocturnal pain, overall pain as assessed by the pain scale and articular index. Tolerance was considered satisfactory in more than 65% of cases. The most common undesirable side-effect was gastric pain (22.7%). Bi-Profenid thus confirms its effectiveness in pain due to arthrosis as well as in inflammatory conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Is osteonecrosis of the femoral head avascular? Bone blood flow measurements after long-term treatment with corticosteroids.

Since nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is usually considered primarily as an ischemic disease, blood flow has been studied in femoral segments in two groups of geese, one control group and the other treated with a high dose of corticosteroids for 5 months. There was no histologic evidence of osteonecrosis in femoral heads, and mean bone blood flow in any femoral segments was not reduced in the treated group. These results suggest that osteonecrosis of the femoral head is not caused primarily by ischemia, even if ischemia may play a secondary role in the evolution of the disorder.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Acquired stenosis of the lumbar canal and vertebral hyperostosis].

The authors present 12 cases of symptomatic acquired narrowing of the lumbar canal (with multiple nerve root involvement) in patients suffering from typical vertebral hyperostosis. In each case, the lesion was transverse stenosis due to hypertrophy of the articular apophyses of the last three lumbar vertebrae (posteromedial apophyses). Amongst the radiological abnormalities detected, especially with the aid of the C.T. scan in 6 cases, the authors stress the frequency of irregular bony proliferations on the non-articular surface of the articular apophyses and the ossification of the ligamenta flava, which has already been observed in the thoracic region in cases of vertebral hyperostosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Bone and phosphoro-calcium metabolism in reflex sympathetic dystrophy].

A combined study organised by the French Society of Rheumatology was devoted to the investigation of bone and phosphoro-calcium metabolism in cases of reflex sympathetic dystrophy. The following observations were made: the usual phosphoro-calcium parameters are not altered, apart from a slight elevation of the urinary calcium in multifocal forms of the disease, during the 3rd and 4th months; the level of PTH, studied in 11 patients, was normal in each case; the examination of 8 bone biopsies, one performed in the 7th week and six others performed during the 3rd and 4th months of the disease, showed, initially, invasion of the spongy tissue by oedema, signs of marrow stress and bone stress, with a reduction in the number of osteoblasts, without any marked alteration of bone remodelling. At a later stage, the biopsy shows intense bone remodelling with hyperosteoclastosis and hyperosteoblastosis and the formation of irregular bone tissue which later becomes lamellar. Electron microscopic study of two biopsies revealed signs of acellular demineralisation with normal appearance of the osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1983

[The joint in algodystrophy. Joint fluid, synovium, cartilage].

The joint fluid in cases of algodystrophy was studied in 17 samples. It is poor in cells (275/mm3 with a mean of 15% polymorphs). The protein level was studied 4 times and was equal to or greater than 40 g/l, i.e. double the normal value. A detailed histological examination of 33 biopsies of synovial tissue reveals a typical appearance of the synovium in algodystrophy, defined by 6 features, 2 negative and 4 positive: absence of hyperplasia of the synovial lining, absence of any real inflammatory cell infiltrate, presence of a marked hypervascularity, an oedema of the chorion, especially marked in the first weeks of the disease, hyperplasia of the walls of some arterioles, and fibrosis of the chorion which becomes more marked as the disease progresses and which is predominantly in the deeper layers. The authors recall that articular cartilage can show superficial alterations of structure with areas of fibrosis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

[Pain and inflammation of the foot in metabolic osteopathies : new causes of algodystrophy (author's transl)].

Three observations of patients with algodystrophia of the foot are reported. Biologic disorders suggestive of osteomalacia were found in two patients who recovered after receiving vitamin D. Cushing disease was diagnosed in the remaining patient ; again algodystrophia disappeared after specific therapy was given. The few similar cases published in the medical literature are reviewed. Attention is drawn to their misleading nature. Most published cases occurred with osteomalacia or endocrinic osteopathy. Such conditions should be looked for in all patients with apparently primary algodystrophia of a lower limb.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Acute experimental bone marrow necrosis in the rabbit induced by aortic ligation. Ultrastructural and biochemical study].

The authors study the effects of ligation of the infra-renal aorta on the bone marrow in the femoral shafts in ten rabbits, from a histopathological and biochemical standpoint. Histology revealed marrow necrosis in nine cases out of ten. They describe the appearances of this necrosis by light and electron microscopy. In five cases it was focal and partial and in four cases total. It sometimes involved only the haematopoietic tissue, leaving fatty tissue unaffected. The latter would thus seem to be more resistant to ischaemia. Study of lipids showed a decrease in polyunsaturated fatty acids, a decrease which was more marked in the ischaemic femurs than in the humerus of the same rabbits.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1982

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head and pregnancy.

The authors report 7 anatomo-clinical cases of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, the clinical onset of which occurred during pregnancy or in the fortnight after delivery. On the basis of histological data obtained through core-biopsy in these 7 cases they discuss the relationship between osteonecrosis and reflex sympathetic dystrophy of the hip.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

How and what kind of bone is made by metastatic cells of prostatic cancer.

In 14 patients with densifying bone metastases of prostatic cancer, the analysis of blood and urine P-Ca parameters, serum 25 OH D3, Ca infusion test, and histomorphometry with measure of calcification rate shows that: - hypocalcemia is common in such patients, sometimes associated to a lack of vitamin D with hypocalciuria and increased Ca retention at the infusion test, and sometimes unexplained; - from a histological point of view, this osteopathy is characterized by a hyperosteoidosis, often an important one, around and only around the metastasis foci, the malignant cells being indispensable to induce the osteoidosis. The entire mineralization of the osteoid matrix may happen but rarely because the hyperosteoidosis is most often increased by a vitamin D deficiency.

Adult↗