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Biomedical subjects

J Arlet

Publications and source records attributed to J Arlet.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

The transsynovial lymphocytic ratio. Characterization of blood and synovial fluid lymphocytes from patients with arthritic diseases.

Monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry techniques were used to analyze and compare the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations of peripheral blood and synovial fluid (SF) from 70 patients, 43 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 10 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) or reactive synovitis, 10 with psoriatic arthritis and 7 with other inflammatory arthritic diseases. Patients with RA had significantly reduced number of CD8+ T cells and greater CD4/CD8 ratios in peripheral blood, a greater number of CD4+ T cells and lower CD4/CD8 ratio in SF. No significant difference was found between the groups with AS, reactive synovitis and psoriatic arthritis. The simultaneous analysis of peripheral blood and SF lymphocyte subpopulations allowed us to establish a transsynovial lymphocytic ratio which reflects CD4/CD8 variations on both peripheral blood and SF, 2 easily accessible compartments for physicians. This new ratio may distinguish RA from other inflammatory arthritic diseases.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1987

[Value of bone angioscintigraphy (isotope transit) in atraumatic osteonecrosis of the head of the femur].

Bone angioscintigraphy (isotopic transit) imaging provides a time-activity curve of two symmetrical joint regions (one of which is supposedly diseased) during the first few seconds following radioisotope injections, in this case 99mTc MDP. The curve obtained presents as two parts: a short rapid slope corresponding to the presence of the marker in the arteries of the region, and a slowly ascending slope corresponding to invasion of capillary bed without extravascular diffusion during the first minute. This method was used to study 22 cases of confirmed unilateral osteonecrosis of hip. In 20 of the 22 cases the height of the curve differed from one side to another: lower on the diseased side in 9 cases (negative gradient), 8 of these 9 patients having stages I and II (early stages) of the affection. It is suggested that this reduction in activity of the diseased side is due to a reduction in capillary bed from medullary necrosis, and that it constitutes a sign in favor of necrosis, particularly when radiologic signs are few or absent as in the early stages.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Crystallographic identification of a calcium deposit in calcified pericarditis associated with articular chondrocalcinosis.

In a case of CPPD crystal deposition disease of the pseudorheumatoid type and of long duration, calcified constrictive pericarditis developed and was surgically treated. Analysis of the calcium deposit in the pericardium was carefully made by infrared absorption, x-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetry. It revealed that the deposit was composed of B-type carbonated apatite. Previously, both calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) and apatite crystals, either in the same place or in different tissues, have been reported in the same patient. These observations raise the possibility that the same metabolic error might lead to both types of crystal deposition.

Apatites↗
PubMed1986

[Metabolism of vitamin A in Forestier-Rotès-Quérol hyperostosis].

High doses of retinol produce hyperostotic lesions in animals and humans. In this study we measured in fasting subjects and 5 hours after administering 50,000 IU of retinol, levels in the serum of retinol, retinol-binding protein (RBP) and prealbumin in 35 hyperostotic subjects (HVA) and 22 control subjects. Retinol levels were equally high after fasting and after consumption of vitamin A (p 0.01). The levels of retinol-binding protein and prealbumin increase in parallel, such that the molar ratios of retinol to retinol-binding protein or to prealbumin are not changed. Taken with literature data, those of the present study indicate that vitamin A is responsible for the production of hyperostotic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Blood viscosity in osteonecrosis of the femur head].

The viscosity of total venous blood was studied in 21 patients with osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head, and compared with the viscosity of 43 control patients, blood donors of the same mean age, and with the viscosity of 17 patients suffering from hip arthrosis. Measurements were carried out on a rotary resistance meter with coaxial cylinders. Along with the viscosity, certain biological, hematological and biochemical parameters, making up the main macro-rheological parameters, were measured in the same blood samples. Statistical analysis of the results confirms the hyperviscosity of total venous blood in patients with ON of the femoral head. This hyperviscosity does not seem correlated with the biological parameters studied, contrary to the viscosity of the blood in the control group. It is likely secondary to other factors, intrinsic to ON, and especially microrheological factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Evaluation of the sensitivity of bone scintigraphy and bone function tests for the diagnosis of aseptic osteonecrosis of the femur head in adults].

From 300 cases of primary osteonecrosis of the femoral head, proven histologically, the authors report: in 154 cases where a bony scintigraphy of the pelvis was performed, a definite hyperfixation is demonstrated 128 times (sensitivity of 83.1 per cent); in 104 cases where a functional exploration of the hip was performed, a hyperpressure was established 101 times (sensitivity of 97 per cent); in 84 cases, both examinations were performed. Most of the time (71 times), it concerns patients presenting few or no radiological signs: the sensitivity of scintigraphy is only 69 per cent when the sensitivity of functional exploration remains at 96.4 per cent. The authors report, in addition, that bony scintigraphy may be at fault when there is, histologically, an isolated reticular oesinophilic necrosis of the bone marrow.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1985

Septic arthritis of the knee due to Neisseria mucosa.

We report a case of septic arthritis of the knee due to Neisseria mucosa a widespread commensal of the oropharynx following an infiltration of the joint. Evolution was favorable in ten weeks, with antibiotics (amoxicillin then erythromycin), and without surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

[Isotope transit in reflex sympathetic algodystrophy].

It has been shown in radioisotope scans made three hours after injection of 99mTc MDP that a significant hyperfixation in bone extremities is present in causalgias, probably due to accelerated osteogenesis. However, this gives no information concerning blood circulation inside bone. Nevertheless, the kinetic activity of tracer in areas of lesion for the initial seconds after injection depends upon the vascularity of this region. The computerized recording of isotope activity forms an early activity curb (isotope transit) which can be compared to the activity curb of the corresponding healthy articulatory region of the other limb or side. This curb breaks down into two parts: first, a rapidly ascending slope that corresponds to infiltration of the periarticular arterial network; second, a slowly ascending slope that corresponds to the tracer diffusion space in bony extremities. Among the 27 cases of causalgia in our series 19 evolved into thermalgias in less than three months. Furthermore, in 18 of these 19 cases the lesion-side activity curb was significantly different from the aspect of the healthy side's curb in that both portions showed a hyperactivity. The initial "arterial" hyperactivity slope probably corresponds to an increase in arterial blood flow (and sometimes circulatory speed) in soft tissues around joints; subsequent hyperactivity, gradually increasing, probably corresponds to an increase in the vascular bed volume and diffusion surface due to functional entry of usually silent intraosseous capillaries. Thus, the causalgia which has become thermalgic has a typical initial isotopic tracing curb: this hyperfixation explains the anatomic and pathophysiologic disorders evidenced by other procedures in this disease.

Adolescent↗