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Biomedical subjects

J Albert

Publications and source records attributed to J Albert.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Current diagnostic criteria, current classification of and clinical approach to diabetes mellitus].

The new diagnostic criteria and new classes of diabetes mellitus have caused a certain amount of confusion. This work reviews and analyses the practical aspects of this chronic condition. The oral glucose tolerance test has specific indications which should be kept in mind. Type I and type II diabetes mellitus remain the two principal groups of classification, but individualisation of subtypes la and lb allows a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. The third syndrome or type III is mainly found in tropical and subtropical areas. Its pathogenesis, toxic or malnutritive, is still unclear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Algodystrophy in the chronic stage following treatment with phenobarbital].

A case of phenobarbital-induced algodystrophy is reported. The classical clinical picture is a very often bilateral "shoulder-hand" syndrome which, when associated with articular involvement in the two lower limbs, produces an unusual form known as "extensive". Interest lies in the possible confusion with rheumatoid arthritis. Doubts still persist concerning the physio-pathological mechanism by which the medication may lead to osteo-articular symptoms. An association of several factors is frequently found at the onset of the disease.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1983

[Polydermatomyositis in the adult and its management].

Polydermatomyositis is a chronic, non-suppurative disease of the striated muscle. In practice, the diagnostic criteria are often associated with other factors--alcoholism, corticotherapy--which, by themselves, may induce myopathy. In adults, the possible association of dermatomyositis with cancer rises the problem of scanning for neoplasia at regular intervals. In addition to corticotherapy, physical therapy helps the patient to maintain maximal autonomy.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1983

Enthesopathic erosive lesions of patella and tibial tuberosity in juvenile ankylosing spondylitis. Anatomico-radiological study of a case with tibial bursitis.

The authors report the case of a 20-year-old joiner suffering from ankylosing spondylitis, with recurrent knee effusions from the age of 11 and radiological evidence of sacro-iliac involvement. The patient presented with pain and bone erosions localized to the sites of tendinous attachments in the upper pole of the left patella and in tibial tuberosities. On both sides an inflammation of deep infrapatellar bursa was observed on anatomical examination. These destructive lesions are considered as rare forms of the erosive enthesopathy which has been described in ankylosing spondylitis, particularly on spine and calcaneum. They could be considered as highly localized forms of algodystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Three brothers with algodystrophy of the hip.

We describe the clinical features of algodystrophy of the hip in 3 brothers, probably the first familial presentation of this disease to be reported. The symptoms and evolution of the disease are as usually described. The familial presentation suggests a genetic predisposition. HLA typing showed an identity of antigenic formula in the 3 brothers, a rare coincidence.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Acute therapy with megestrol acetate decreases nuclear and cytosol androgen receptors in human BPH tissue.

This study measures the effect of megestrol acetate (Megace), a progestational antiandrogen, on nuclear and cytosol receptor concentrations in human BPH prostates. Prostatic tissue was obtained at surgery from both untreated patients with BPH and patients pretreated for three to eleven days with 120 to 160 mg of Megace daily; tissues were homogenized and separated into cytosol and crude nuclear fractions. Cytosol and salt extractable nuclear fractions were subjected to saturation analysis with 3H R1881 over the range of 0.5 to 10 nmoles in exchange reactions for 20 hours at 15 degrees C. Cytosol receptor concentration decreased significantly from 32.7 to 8.7 femtomoles per mg protein (P less than 0.05); nuclear receptor also was significantly reduced from 317 to 43.8 femtomoles (fmole) per mg DNA (P less than .001). Plasma testosterone also decreased significantly from 3.65 to 1.01 ng/ml in Megace-treated patients. These effects of Megace on receptor concentration appear to be qualitatively quite different from those reported following castration in animals or following high-dose estrogen therapy in humans. The mechanism of action of Megace in decreasing both cytosol and nuclear androgen receptor concentrations is unknown. It is possible that decrease in receptor concentration is secondary to either the progestational or antiandrogenic effects of Megace. These possibilities are currently under study.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1982

The type of current frequency used in transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) affects the androgen receptor.

Blended Bovie current No. 2 destroys androgen receptor in both cytosol and nuclear extracts of prostate tissue. No significant difference was noted in either nuclear or cytosol receptor concentrations between openly resected and electroresected specimens when Bovie current No. 1 was used with cutting loops No. 26 or larger, although total androgen receptor (cytosol plus nuclear) was significantly reduced in the electroresected specimens. The androgen receptor method used is highly reliable for prostate obtained by either open resection or electroresection using pure cutting currents, although receptor concentrations in samples obtained by the two methods probably should not be combined or compared.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1981

Use of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of glutamine synthetase and glutamic acid decarboxylase in crude extracts.

Glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), formed from glutamic acid in crude tissue extracts by glutamine synthetase and glutamic acid decarboxylase respectively, were separated by derivatization with dansyl chloride followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on the Altex Ultrasphere ODS-5 column. The mobile phase was a gradient of 100 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 2.1) with 0-40% acetonitrile. The amounts of glutamine and GABA formed from glutamic acid were determined under different reaction conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Medical castration of males with megestrol acetate and small doses of diethylstilbestrol.

An alternative program for medical castration for treatment of prostate cancer has been developed using a progestational antiandrogen, megestrol acetate (MA), in combination with small doses of diethylstilbestrol (DES; 0.1 mg/day). The administration of MA (40-80 mg/day) with 0.1 mg DES to nine patients resulted in castrate levels of plasma testosterone (less than 0.4 ng/ml) and significant suppression of both FSH and LH (P less than 0.05) for up to 12 months. Although large clinical trials must ultimately establish its safety, clinical side effects of this combined therapy to date have consisted of mild gynecomastia in two patients. The symptoms did not necessitate discontinuing the medications. It is concluded that the use of 0.1 mg DES with a minimum of 40 mg/day MA results in medical castration with sustained suppression of plasma testosterone. Because of the possible additional therapeutic advantage of blockade of intracellular androgen-mediated action by MA in androgen-dependent tumors, this combined therapy should be further explored as a possible initial treatment of choice for advanced prostate cancer.

Castration↗