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Biomedical subjects

J Albert

Publications and source records attributed to J Albert.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Permanent expression of p53 in FR 3T3 rat cells but cell cycle-dependent association with large-T antigen in simian virus 40 transformants.

The p53 oncogene is thought to play a role in the proliferation of normal and transformed cells and its expression was postulated to be cell cycle dependent. Using flow cytofluorimetry sorting of populations of exponentially growing cells, coupled to a radioimmune assay, we have investigated the accumulation of p53 along the cell cycle in normal FR 3T3 rat cells as well as in two types of SV40-transformed derivatives, one of which only expresses the large-T protein during the G2 phase of the cell cycle. p53 was accumulated at a constant level throughout the cell cycle in FR 3T3 cells. Its level and stability increased to different extents in the two types of transformants. However, the formation of complexes between p53 and large-T was modulated by the G2-restricted accumulation of large-T, thus leading to a differential increase in the levels of p53 both in exponentially growing cells and along the cell cycle. This increase in the levels of p53 appeared to be regulated at a post-transcriptional level.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Bilateral deep infrapatellar bursitis associated with tibial tuberosity enthesopathy in a case of juvenile ankylosing spondylitis.

A case of bilateral deep infrapatellar bursitis is reported in a 19-year-old man suffering from juvenile ankylosing spondylitis and surgically treated for bilateral tibial tuberosity enthesopathy. In addition to erosive non-specific bone remodelling the excised specimens showed, in the bursa, synovial layer hyperplasia with mild subintimal inflammatory cell infiltration, i.e. changes similar to those of synovitis in ankylosing spondylitis. The respective roles of the inflammatory "terrain" and of local shearing stress are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Lack of metabolism of timolol by ocular tissues.

The ocular metabolism of timolol has been studied in the iris/ciliary body, vitreous humor, neuro-retina and cornea from an albino rabbit, pigmented rabbit and cynomolgus monkey by incubating tissues isolated from these animals with radiolabeled drug for 20 hours at 37 degrees C in Hanks' balanced salts solution. After removal of the tissues by centrifugation and subsequent deproteinization, supernatants were mixed with unlabeled timolol and analyzed by isocratic reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with liquid scintillation counting and ultraviolet detection. Although this analytical system readily demonstrated the production of timolol metabolites by rat liver, the production of timolol metabolites by ocular tissues could not be demonstrated. With most samples high recoveries of unmetabolized timolol were obtained. The lowest level of recovery of unmetabolized drug as compared to a control (drug added after the tissue had been incubated) was obtained for the iris/ciliary body from the pigmented rabbit suggesting that pigment had bound the drug. Our results suggest that deleterious side effects sometimes seen with the drug or its lack of efficacy with rabbits is not due to ocular metabolism by these tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Acute effects of testicular and adrenal cortical blockade on protein synthesis and dihydrotestosterone content of human prostate tissue.

To examine the relationship between whole prostatic dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations and epithelial and stromal protein synthesis, patients awaiting surgery for benign prostatic hypertrophy were given medication to reduce circulating and tissue androgen levels for comparison to levels in untreated patients. The medications, either megestrol acetate, a progestational antiandrogen, or megestrol acetate plus dexamethasone, were given for 1 week before surgery. Aliquots of prostate tissue obtained at surgery were assayed for DHT. The remainder of the tissue was separated into stromal and epithelial cells using enzymatic separation; the incorporation of both [3H] proline into stromal protein and [3H]leucine into epithelial cell protein was then measured. Over a wide range of tissue DHT concentrations, DHT correlated significantly with [3H]proline incorporation into stromal protein (r = 0.58). Likewise, epithelial cell incorporation of [3H]leucine into protein correlated significantly with tissue DHT concentrations, with a r value of 0.79. In the case of stromal cells, no additional effects of dexamethasone given with megestrol acetate were found on stromal protein synthesis. Epithelial cell [3H]leucine incorporation into protein was paradoxically enhanced by dexamethasone plus megestrol acetate compared to the latter alone, despite the fact that tissue DHT and circulating adrenal androgens, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and delta 4-androstenedione, were not significantly different from values obtained after treatment with megestrol acetate alone. These studies support the conclusion that there is a dominant role of DHT in regulating protein synthesis in both prostatic epithelial and stromal cells. Dexamethasone appears to have a growth-stimulating effect on prostatic epithelial cells.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1984

Unusual articular abnormalities in scleroderma.

Articular involvement is described in a 58-year-old female patient with scleroderma. Radiological findings included intra-articular calcification, destructive osteoarthritis and selective involvement of the first metacarpal base. The discussion attempts to explain the way in which intra-articular calcification and osteolytic lesions may appear, citing various hypotheses put forward concerning such involvement in scleroderma.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Studies on the interaction of human plasma-fibronectin with native type I calf skin collagen molecules using the rotary shadowing technique.

Fibronectin is a ubiquitous glycoprotein found in plasma, on the surface of a number of cell types and in the extracellular matrix. It is believed to function as an adhesive protein for cells by mediating their interaction with connective tissue macromolecules. This study uses the rotary shadowing technique to investigate the interaction between human plasma fibronectin and native calf skin type I collagen molecules. Purified human plasma fibronectin appears fibrillar with a total length of 152 +/- 48 nm (n = 127). Individual molecules of fibronectin interact with one another in an apparent concentration dependent process to form linear polymeric structures up to 10 molecules by end-to-end association. Incubation of various concentrations of fibronectin with collagen results in the interaction of fibronectin with specific sites on the native collagen molecules. In addition, polymeric forms of fibronectin interact with collagen molecules and occasionally bridging structures between collagen molecules are formed. This study provides direct visual demonstration of an interaction between fibronectin and native collagen molecules. Possible physiologic implications of these observations are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Circulating anticoagulant in CREST syndrome.

We report the discovery of a circulating anticoagulant in a patient suffering from CREST syndrome. The patient was first seen with a microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia which led to the diagnosis of the CREST syndrome. Several months later, prior to a cataract operation, a routine coagulation screen (prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time) was abnormal. Investigation showed the presence of a circulating anticoagulant as well as a decrease in several clotting factors, principally factor VIII C.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Oral contraceptives, carbohydrate metabolism and diabetes mellitus].

Disturbances of carbohydrate metabolism due to oral contraceptives appear in diabetics but also in non-diabetics, mainly those who are at high risk for diabetes mellitus (advanced age, obesity, family history, previous abnormality of glucose tolerance). Under oral contraceptives, diabetes mellitus control deteriorates in 30% of all diabetics. Atherosclerosis seems to be accelerated and can lead to serious cardiovascular complications. Reducing the doses of estrogens and progestogens as well as choosing the least diabetogenic progestogen might help to prevent these complications. We believe that micro- or macro-angiopathy is an absolute contraindication of oral contraceptives.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1983

[Control of blood sugar and beta blockers in the diabetic patient].

30% of diabetics have arterial hypertension. 25% of patients with hypertension are diabetics. The rapid development of atherosclerosis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality among diabetics. Occasionally, prescription of a beta-blocking agent may seem rational in diabetics (hypertension, angina pectoris, etc.). But is such a medication acceptable considering the patient's fragile metabolic control? After a brief review of the pharmacology of the various beta-blocking agents, we discuss the choice of the best medication for the diabetic patient. Cardioselective beta-blockers seem to be best suited to diabetics. After insulin-induced hypoglycemia, rise in blood sugar level is less delayed and symptoms of hypoglycemia are less attenuated.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1983

[Role of oral hypoglycemic agents in the therapeutic approach to diabetic obesity].

Insulin resistance is the principal physiopathological characteristic of diabetes mellitus type II. Weight loss is the first therapeutic requirement. Oral agents (mainly sulfonylureas) are advisable when the diet alone does not ensure a satisfactory metabolic control. The extrapancreatic action of sulfonylureas induces hypoglycemia through a decrease in peripheral insulin resistance originating in an increase in the number of insulin receptors and in the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin. The pancreatic and extrapancreatic effects, metabolism and indications of sulfonylureas, as well as the problems which arise during their prescription are reviewed. Biguanides belong to a different family of drugs and are less and less prescribed.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1983

[Diabetes and immunology. III. Immunological reactions related to insulin treatment].

Various immunological mechanisms help to understand the epidemiological and biological heterogenicity of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Immunological mechanisms are involved in the destruction of beta cells and perhaps explain the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among certain patients with well defined genetic markers. Certain cases of Diabetes Mellitus seem to be mediated by auto-immune processes (cellular or humoral) and thus have a common denominator with other endocrinological diseases. Other immunological mechanisms are incriminated in the development of insulin resistance during exogenous insulin treatment of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Resistance to endogenous insulin which characterizes type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is related to a decrease in number and density of peripheral insulin receptors.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1983

[Diabetes and immunology. II. Role of autoimmunity in the precipitation of diabetes].

Various immunological mechanisms help to understand the epidemiological and biological heterogenicity of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Immunological mechanisms are involved in the destruction of beta cells and perhaps explain the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among certain patients with well defined genetic markers. Certain cases of Diabetes Mellitus seem to be mediated by auto-immune processes (cellular or humoral) and thus have a common denominator with other endocrinological diseases. Other immunological mechanisms are incriminated in the development of insulin resistance during exogenous insulin treatment of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Resistance to endogenous insulin which characterises type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is related to a decrease in number and density of peripheral insulin receptors.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1983

[Diabetes and immunology. I. Immunologic reactions linked to diabetes].

Various immunological mechanisms help to understand the epidemiological and biological heterogenicity of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Immunological mechanisms are involved in the destruction of beta cells and perhaps explain the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus among certain patients with well defined genetic markers. Certain cases of Diabetes Mellitus seem to be mediated by auto-immune processes (cellular or humoral) and thus have a common denominator with other endocrinological diseases. Other immunological mechanisms are incriminated in the development of insulin resistance during exogenous insulin treatment of type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Resistance to endogenous insulin which characterizes type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is related to a decrease in number and density of peripheral insulin receptors.

Animals↗