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Biomedical subjects

J Adams

Publications and source records attributed to J Adams.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Induction of ovulation with pulsatile luteinising hormone releasing hormone.

Ovulation was successfully induced with luteinising hormone releasing hormone in 28 women with hypothalamic amenorrhoea who had failed to respond to treatment with clomiphene. Luteinising hormone releasing hormone was administered in a pulsatile manner with miniaturised automatic infusion systems. The rate of ovarian follicular maturation, as monitored by serial pelvic ultrasonography, was similar to that observed in spontaneous cycles. Endocrine assessment by serial measurement of gonadotrophin, oestradiol, and progesterone concentrations showed hormone concentrations to be within the normal range. Intravenous treatment was required in only two patients, the remainder responding satisfactorily to subcutaneous infusion. All patients conceived within six cycles of treatment, and only one multiple pregnancy occurred.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Age differences in water maze performance and swimming behavior in the rat.

This study was designed to determine the earliest age at which a water maze task could be used to measure learning in rats. In Experiment 1, 24 litters of Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Eight litters per group were tested beginning at 18, 28, or 38 days of age for their ability to learn a positional discrimination in a Y-shaped water maze. Results indicated that the 28 day olds were better able to learn the task than were the 18 or 38 day groups. Performance by the 38 day olds was impaired by an immobilization response. This response is known to be influenced by catecholaminergically-active drugs [18, 19, 20], and may result from ongoing maturation in these systems. The difference in learning abilities between the 18 day and 28 day groups was further investigated in Experiment 2. In this study, 24 litters of Sprague-Dawley rats were tested for acquisition of the discrimination at 18, 20, or 22 days of age. At each age, 8 litters were tested. Results showed that significant improvements in the ability to learn the Y-maze task occurred between 20 and 22 days of age. Results of both experiments suggest that this measure of learning may be employed in rats as young as 22 days of age, but should be avoided in 38 day old rats.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1984

Meshed adhesive tape for the treatment of crushed fingers in children.

Over 300 children a year are treated at the Royal Aberdeen Children's Hospital for crushed finger tips. We estimate that 5.8% of children, under 13 years of age, suffer this injury, mainly in domestic (72.5%) or car doors (12%). The treatment of partial avulsions of pulp with nail dislocation is described.

Adhesives↗
PubMed1984

Complications of opponensplasty with transfer of extensor carpi ulnaris to extensor pollicis brevis.

The extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) was transferred to the extensor pollicis brevis, as described by Phalen and Miller, in 12 patients with hand deformities from high and low median and ulnar nerve injuries. Although no complications of this transfer have been reported by other surgeons, four of our 12 patients developed significant radial deviation and loss of power grip. This complication was corrected in two patients by transferring the extensor carpi radialis longus to the base of the fifth metacarpal to balance the wrist extensor forces. We believe that this complication may occur when the extensor carpi radialis inserts into the radial aspect of the second metacarpal and when the ECU inserts into the ulnar aspect of the base of the fifth metacarpal. The flexor carpi ulnaris must have normal strength if the wrist is to be balanced after the ECU is transferred.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hypothalamic hypopituitarism in a patient with a basal encephalocoele--treatment with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.

A 20-year-old patient presented with primary amenorrhoea and growth hormone deficiency caused by a basal encephalocoele. She was found to have developed diabetes insipidus in the 8 years following diagnosis. Gonadotrophin release in response to bolus injection of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) was normal, as was thyrotrophin and adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) secretion. Pulsatile administration of LHRH by the subcutaneous route resulted in normal ovulation and subsequent menstruation. The investigation and management of patients with basal encephalocoeles are discussed in the light of these findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Prenatal thyroid function abnormalities in infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome.

Thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyrotropin (TSH) concentrations were measured on cord sera of 21 preterm infants with idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS) and were compared to the values obtained from 15 healthy preterm infants. When log T3, log T4, and log TSH were considered as the dependent variables in the multivariate test Hotelling-Lawley-Trace, there was an overall difference between the two groups: F = 3.94, p = 0.03. When log T3 and log T4 were considered separately in an analysis of covariance, there was a significant difference between the two groups for log T3 after adjusting for birth weight and gestational age (F = 7.98, p = 0.008). However, for log T4 and TSH, there was no difference between the IRDS and control infants. These findings exclude the possibility of antenatal thyroid dysfunction in babies with IRDS. An explanation for reduced cord blood T3 concentration in infants with IRDS is lacking at present. Extrathyroidal factors that predispose to IRDS may also affect peripheral T3 generation. Alternatively, one might postulate that there is relative immaturity of both peripheral T3 generating pathway and lung development in infants who develop IRDS.

Fetal Blood↗
PubMed1984

The role of subcutaneous luteinising hormone releasing hormone in the induction of ovulation.

Induction of ovulation using pulsatile luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) has been performed in 53 anovulatory women who had previously failed to respond to clomiphene. Pelvic ultrasound imaging prior to treatment provided an accurate means of predicting the subsequent response to subcutaneous and intravenous therapy and was of particular value in differentiating patients with ovarian enlargement due to multiple intraovarian follicles. Subcutaneous administration was appropriate in the majority of patients. Thirty-eight conceptions have been confirmed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasound assessment of changes in the ovary and the uterus during LHRH therapy.

Twenty-seven women with secondary amenorrhoea have been treated with pulsatile subcutaneous luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Serial ultrasonic observations of increasing follicular diameters and changes in the size of the uterus have been recorded. The rate of the increase of the diameter of dominant follicles in LHRH induced cycles is identical to that observed in women undergoing spontaneous cycles. An interesting correlation was observed between follicular diameter and uterine size. The correlation suggests that uterine size measured ultrasonically can be used as a bio-assay of follicular oestradiol production. Uterine growth continues throughout the luteal phase of conception cycles and can be used as a very early sign of pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Infertility, megalocystic and polycystic ovaries: differential response to LHRH therapy.

A group of anovulatory women have been identified as being particularly difficult to treat with pulsatile luteinising hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Further investigation shows that sub-division into two groups is possible on the basis of ovarian morphology on ultrasound imaging. Ovulation can be successfully induced in women with megalocystic ovaries and 14 of those women treated conceived.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hb F levels, longevity of homozygotes and clinical course of sickle cell anemia in Brazil.

A sample of 354 individuals with sickle cell anemia ascertained in the city of Rio de Janeiro was studied to investigate the relationships between Hb F level, morbidity, and mortality. The mean Hb F level was 6.41 +/- 5.21%. The relationship between age and the proportion of Hb F can be described as a quadratic polynomial distribution, the level falling from approximately 11% in the first year to 4% at 25 years and then rising proportionally after 30 years. The correlations between Hb F level and 140 variables, including hematological values, signs and symptoms of the disease, as well as therapeutic requirements, showed that the patients with high Hb F levels are less anemic and have a more benign course. Several significant correlations (between amount of Hb F and the following clinical signs: pallor of mucous membranes, jaundice, cholelithiasis, leg ulcers, bronchial asthma, increased pulmonary vascularity, left ventricular hypertrophy, and osteomyelitis) are being reported here for the first time.

Adolescent↗