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Biomedical subjects

I Zahavi

Publications and source records attributed to I Zahavi.

106 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Infectious endocarditis in idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis: report of three cases and review of the literature.

Three cases of infective endocarditis (IE) occurringg in patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS) are described. A review of the literature reveals the IE occurs in about 50 percent of the patients suffering from IHSS. It appears to complicate the natural history of the severe cases, at least as it appears from hemodynamic studies, being precipitated by the same factors and caused by the same infective organisms as in valvular heart disease. It has the same clinical picture and outcome, although the appearance of new murmurs was more common than in other types of heart disease complicated by IE, and indicated the same poor prognosis. The infection seems to involve both the aortic and the mitral valve, with equal frequency, and less commonly the ventricular outflow tract. The need for IE prophylaxis in cases of IHSS is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Gastrointestinal manifestations of Niemann-Pick disease.

3 infants wih the acute neuronopathic form of Niemann-Pick disease had prominent gastrointestinal manifestations. These included chronic diarrhea, malnutrition, failure to thrive, radiologic intestinal abnormalities, xylose malabsorption, abnormal liver function, and infiltration of the liver, lamina propria and autonomic ganglia by lipid-laden cells. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed, and it is suggested that gastrointestinal disturbances play a larger part in the clinical manifestations of Niemann-Pick disease than is usually appreciated.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1976

Secondary pituitary insufficiency: report of three cases of ectopia or hemiagenesis of the thyroid gland.

Three patients with clinical and laboratory manifestations suggestive of pituitary insufficiency due to the presence of a pituitary tumor were found to have long-standing myxedema. The insidious appearance of the signs of hypothyroidism was explained by the cause of their disease--an ectopic thyroid gland in two patients and hemiagenesis of the thyroid in the third. Early recognition and treatment of such cases is important.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

SEM observations on the effect of anthracycline drugs on cultured newborn rat cardiomyocytes.

The effect of two anthracyclines-doxorubicin hydrochloride (adriamycin) and 4'-epidoxorubicin (epirubicin) and an anthracenedione (novantrone) on the contractibility and surface ultrastructure of newborn rat cardiomyocytes cultured for five days was examined. While the beating rate of the cells was affected only by the anthracyclines, an alteration of the sarcolemma, disruption of the slender processes and swelling of the nuclei and/or the cells was observed following incubation with each of the three drugs for two hours. However, the damage induced by adriamycin was more pronounced than that induced by the other two drugs, when doses extrapolated from those accepted as therapeutic were compared.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cricopharyngeal dysfunction in childhood: treatment by dilatations.

A 3-year-old child with cricopharyngeal dysfunction is reported. Swallowing difficulties, nasal regurgitation, and gagging developed at 2 months of age. Repeated aspirations and over 40 episodes of pneumonia necessitating multiple hospitalizations occurred up to 2 years of age, along with pharyngeal pooling of saliva and inability to swallow solid food. Barium was held up at the cricopharyngeal level, and a prominent esophageal impression was seen at the same level. Symptoms were completely alleviated after two esophageal dilatations by mercury dilators, and the relief persisted for the 6 months of follow-up. The diagnosis of cricopharyngeal dysfunction is discussed, and the necessity for manometric studies, in the face of often misleading radiologic appearance, is emphasized. It is suggested that early use of esophageal dilatations might prevent prolonged morbidity and afford long-term symptomatic relief.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of sympathectomy on ontogeny of small intestinal disaccharidases in the rat.

In the present study the effect of chemical sympathectomy on the development of small intestinal enzymes in the rat was analyzed. Eight doses of guanethidine sulfate were administered subcutaneously every 48 h to 34 newborn rats, starting at birth. The last dose was given at 14 days of age. Twenty-two littermates served as controls. Intestinal lactase, maltase, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase were determined at 15, 17, 20, 23, and 25 days of age. Sympathectomy was demonstrated by reduction of the number of perikarya in the superior cervical ganglia in treated rats as compared with control rats. A normal developmental pattern of activities of the disaccharidases in the small intestine was observed in both groups. The activity of alkaline phosphatase was significantly lower (p less than 0.01) in the 15- and 17-day-old treated animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of verapamil calcium antagonist on autonomic imbalance in migraine: evaluation by spectral analysis of beat-to-beat heart rate fluctuations.

Abnormalities in autonomic control have been documented in migraine even during the headache-free interval. It has long been recognized that spectral analysis of heart rate (HR) fluctuations can reflect the autonomic function, especially the sympathetic to parasympathetic balance. This technique is the basis for a quantitative approach to the investigation of migraine applied in the present study. A 24-hour Holter ECG recording was performed for each subject in a group of five migraine patients during the interheadache period. In addition, shorter 5-minute-long recordings of blood flow (BF) and blood pressure (BP) were made in these patients in both supine and standing positions. Short, 256-second subtraces were taken every 30 minutes along the 24-hour ECG signal and were submitted, as well as the BF and BP traces, to A/D conversion and computation of the power spectrum of fluctuations in HR, BF, and BP. Spectral analysis of fluctuations in these hemodynamic parameters was performed in the migraine patients before and during the treatment with verapamil and compared to that of a healthy control group. This procedure enabled us to assess the autonomic function, the sympathetic vs parasympathetic balance, and their response to a change in position, before and during calcium blockade. A characteristic autonomic abnormality is revealed in the group of untreated migraine patients in supine position: enhanced low frequency (LF) fluctuations reflecting increased sympathetic sensitivity during the inter-headache phase. An exaggerated sympathetic response is measured in the migraine patients during the transition from supine to standing position with a concomitant nonsignificant decrease in parasympathetic response.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antimitochondrial antibodies after acute myocardial infarction.

The development of anti-heart mitochondrial antibodies (AHMA) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been previously demonstrated in experimental studies. We performed a prospective study to check the incidence, variation curve and specificity of AHMA and AMI by using two different immunological tests: complement fixation and antihuman globulin consumption. Serial venous blood samples were drawn from the patients as follows: for the first 14 days after the event, once every other day; from 14 to 60 days after the acute event, once a week. The development of AHMA was demonstrated in the sera of 15/35 (45.4%) patients with AMI by complement fixation test using mitochondrial antigen obtained from normal human heart tissue compared to 12/33 (36.3%) by using mitochondrial antigen from the infarcted region. The antibodies exhibited cross-reaction with mitochondrial antigens obtained from human skeletal muscle, but did not react with heterologous heart mitochondrial antigens. According to the results of the antihuman globulin consumption test, the AHMA is immunoglobulin M (IgM). None of the patients developed postmyocardial infarction syndrome.

Adult↗