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Biomedical subjects

I Watt

Publications and source records attributed to I Watt.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Influence of primary generalised osteoarthritis on development of secondary osteoarthritis.

The hands and knees of 150 patients who had undergone unilateral meniscectomy 19 or more (mean 24 . 7) years before were examined for evidence of osteoarthritis (OA). 65 had X-ray changes in the hands consistent with primary generalised OA. These patients showed more frequent and more severe knee OA, judged clinically and radiologically, in both unoperated and operated knees, than did the 85 patients without hand OA. The increased frequency in operated knees was independent of sex and age variables between the groups and remained significant after exclusion of patients with OA on the unoperated side. This study demonstrated that predisposition to "primary" OA influences the development and severity of "secondary" OA. It invalidates clear distinction between these subsets and emphasises the multifactorial nature of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Scintigraphy in the diagnosis and management of septic sacro-iliitis.

Septic sacro-iliitis is a rare, life-threatening condition. The diagnosis is difficult, both clinically and radiographically, resulting in increased morbidity and delay in treatment. Skeletal scintigraphy is a sensitive method of establishing the diagnosis and monitoring progress. The blood pool image of the bone scan is the most informative part of the investigation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Medial femoral condyle necrosis and chondrocalcinosis--a causal relationship?

The three cases of idiopathic medial femoral condyle necrosis, presenting to this hospital over a five-year period, are reported. All the patients also had chondrocalcinosis in the affected knee at the time of presentation, an association previously not recorded. Only one patient, however, showed evidence of generalised chondrocalcinosis. To date two knees have come to total knee replacement for aggressive degenerative disease in the medial compartment and genu varum. It is not certain whether chondrocalcinosis and medial femoral condyle necrosis are linked aetiologically; however, it would seem that the presence of chondrocalcinosis is an adverse prognostic indicator.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Arthritis in Behcet's syndrome.

The clinical and radiological features of fourteen patients with Behcet's syndrome have been reviewed with particular reference to joint disease. Thirteen patients (93%) suffered recurrent peripheral oligo- or poly-arthritis, this symptom being the presenting complaint in two (14%). There were no radiographic abnormalities in peripheral joints. Ten patients (71%) complained of low back pain and in seven (50%) there was a mild erosive sacro-iliitis. Five patients (36%) had an enthesopathy (calcaneal spurs) one of whom also demonstrated vertebral body squaring. Patients with sacro-iliitis did not possess the HLA B27 antigen. Behcet's syndrome should be entertained in the radiological differentiation of sacro-iliitis with a clinical arthropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Tibial stress fracture in pyrophosphate arthropathy.

Five elderly patients with chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy developed stress fractures of the tibia. All patients had deformed, painful knees with the result that their increasing symptoms were not readily attributed to a stress fracture. Such a possibility should be considered in patients with chronic pyrophosphate arthropathy since early recognition makes management of the stress fracture easier.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The prognosis of neck injuries resulting from rear-end vehicle collisions.

Injury of the neck may result when a motor vehicle is run into from behind; such injury is frequently the cause of prolonged disability and litigation. We report a series of 61 patients with these injuries. A classification, based upon the presenting symptoms and physical signs has been evolved. This classification is shown to be a reliable basis for formulating a prognosis. Factors which adversely affect prognosis include the presence of objective neurological signs, stiffness of the neck, muscle spasm, and pre-existing degenerative spondylosis.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1982

Localised chondrocalcinosis in post-meniscectomy knees.

100 patients who had had unilateral meniscectomy were examined some years (mean 24.8) after operation to compare the condition of their operated knees with that of their unoperated knees. Chondrocalcinosis (CC) was detected by X-ray in 20% of operated knees and in 4% of unoperated knees. In 16 patients CC was confined to the operated knee. The frequency of CC increased with age, rising in operated knees from 16.7% (less than 50 years) to 31.6% (greater than 65 years). Inflammatory features (stiffness [p less than 0.01], effusion [p less than 0.01], acute attacks [p less than 0.01]) and more severe X-ray changes of osteoarthritis were more common when CC was present. Wrist CC was present in 4 patients, and in 2 of these there had been previous trauma. CC was observed in only 3 knee radiographs from 100 age and sex matched controls. This study supports the hypothesis that calcium salts may be deposited locally in altered or damaged cartilage and may then cause further inflammation and joint damage via an amplification loop mechanism.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

The assessment of an edge detection algorithm in determining left ventricular ejection fraction using radio-nuclide multiple gated acquisition and contrast ventriculography.

The application of an edge detection algorithm (EDA) in defining the boundary of the left ventricle (LV) in multiple gated (MG) cardiac studies has been assessed by comparison of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) derived from X-ray contrast ventriculography (CV) in a series of patients. The results demonstrate good correlation between methods irrespective of the projection and LV status when an EDA is used, such that the correlation in anterior and left anterior oblique (45 degrees) views is 0.91 and 0.86 respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography in pulmonary emphysema.

Fifty-three patients with chronic obstructive airways disease and 19 age-matched controls were studied using computed tomography (CT). The study shows that CT can detect the presence and distribution of pulmonary emphysema. Pulmonary vascular changes detectable on chest radiography correlate well with lung density as measured by CT. Patients with marked CT changes of emphysema had significantly greater impairment of diffusion capacity and FEV1.0/VC than the patients with less severe changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Thallium myocardial imaging: recent experience using a coronary vasodilator.

Thallium-201 myocardial imaging is an important test in the assessment of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Techniques differ in detail, reliability and in patient acceptability. Three techniques have been compared. Thirty-two-patients were studied in three groups. In the first group (15 patients) exercise thallium scans were compared with scans following an intravenous vasodilator (dipyridamole). In the second group (12 patients) intravenous dipyridamole and oral dipyridamole thallium scans were compared. In the third group (five patients) combined oral dipyridamole and exercise scans were assessed. There were no major differences in the first two groups but the combined test showed a marked increase in image quality and diagnostic yield. Thallium scanning is simplified considerably by the use of oral dipyridamole, without loss of diagnostic quality of safety. It promises to be the method of choice for stress scanning, and is ideal in patients unable to tolerate maximum exercise. The combined exercise--dipyridamole scan helps to evaluate complex problems, particularly those with less severe coronary insufficiency, and can be done without the use of a treadmill.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Pyrophosphate arthropathy: a clinical and radiological study of 105 cases.

105 consecutive patients who presented to a rheumatologist because of joint disease and who also had evidence of deposition of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPD) were studied clinically and radiologically. There were 76 women (mean age 73) and 29 men (mean age 62). Of only 18 patients below the age of 60 at presentation 12 were men. The majority of the younger male group suffered from acute attacks of synovitis, and had no clinical or radiological evidence of joint damage. In contrast the older female group had widespread destructive changes. Associated joint disease included generalised osteoarthritis (45), rheumatoid arthritis (8), joint hypermobility (13), previous knee surgery (8), and gout 92). Sixteen patients had received long-term steroid therapy. Severe destructive joint changes were seen in 16 patients. The radiological features in those with rheumatoid arthritis by ARA criteria were atypical. The relationship between CPD deposition and arthritis is discussed in the light of these findings.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

An edge detection algorithm for use in radionuclide imaging.

A method is described whereby the edges of computerised radionuclide images can be located by the application of an edge detection algorithm. Results obtained using computer simulated phantoms and radioactive distributions demonstrate the potential accuracy of incorporating such as algorithm into clinical studies.

Computers↗