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Biomedical subjects

I Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to I Watanabe.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Acid mucopolysaccharide layer of the surface nasal epithelium.

In the anterior tip of the inferior turbinate, the epithelium has microvilli which are covered by a mucopolysaccharide layer. This layer is about 0.8 mu in depth, well stained by ruthenium red and with a high density. The spaces between these microvilli are filled with this dense layer; therefore the movement of microvilli are suppressed, but this layer is a strong defensive line against ambient air. It is known that most inhaled particles are deposited in the anterior nares. So virus, microorganisms and antigens etc. will easily penetrate the epithelium if this layer becomes thin. Two centimeters behind the anterior tip where the epithelium is ciliated, the mucous layer over the cilia is less stained by ruthenium red and has a lower density than the anterior tip. This layer does not insert itself between the cilia. The fine filamentous mucopolysaccharide which seems flexible binds the cilias and the mucous layer. While the beat of cilia is not suppressed the inhaled particles cannot insert between cilia. In conclusion, the deep mucopolysaccharide layer over the anterior tip of the inferior turbinate and ciliary beat are important defensive mechanisms against the trauma of the ambient air.

Air↗
PubMed1977

Malakoplakia: evidence for monocyte lysosomal abnormality correctable by cholinergic agonist in vitro and in vivo.

We studied monocyte function in a case of malakoplakia in an attempt to characterize the immune defect in this condition. Our patient's intracellular cyclic-GMP levels were abnormally low (mean +/- S.D. of 0.17 +/- 0.05 pmol per 10(7) malakoplakia cells, versus 0.79 +/- 0.12 in normals) p less than 0.001). After phagocytosis, his monocytes failed to release beta-glucuronidase. In the bactericidal assay, incubation of the patient's monocytes with Escherichia coli allowed growth of 542 +/- 46 colonies, normal monocytes allowed 95 +/- 22 (p less than 0.001). The percentage of monocytes with large lysosomal granules was 23 +/- 4 in the patient and 4 +/- 2 in normal controls. After in vitro incubation of the patient's cells or in vivo treatment with bethanechol chloride, the cyclic-GMP levels, bactericidal ability and lysosomal granules of the cells returned to normal levels. Low levels of cyclic-GMP could impair lysosomal function and bacterial killing in this condition. Cholinergic agonists correct the in vitro abnormalities and are beneficial in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The host-dependent restriction of growth of an RNA coliphage FI.

Phage FIC is a spontaneous host-dependent mutant of phage FI which is classified into the fourth group of RNA Escherichia coli phages (RNA coliphages). The mutant phage (FIC) grows normally in E. coli strain Q13 (permissive host), but poorly in strain A/lambda (non-permissive host) (9). Attempts to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of growth of the mutant phage in the non-permissive host revealed the following: (a) growth of the mutant phage was specifically restricted in E. coli strains that have certain suppressor genes for amber mutation; (b) the mutant phage RNA (FIC-RNA) could not produce progeny in the spheroplasts of the non-permissive host; (c) adsorption of the mutant phage to, and penetration of the mutant phage RNA into, the non-permissive host were normal; and (d) biosynthesis of the phage-specific late protein and RNA did not occur in the non-permissive host. Based on these results we conclude that phage FIC is a spontaneous azure-type mutant of the fourth group of RNA coliphage FI.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1977

Dense core vesicles around the Lewy body in incidental Parkinson's disease: an electron microscopic study.

In a case of Lewy body disease incidentally found at autopsy, numerous dense core vesicles 80--200 nm in diameter, were seen in the neuronal perikarya of the locus caeruleus. They were particularly numerous in the vicinity of the Lewy bodies. The change seems to occur at the early stage of Lewy body production and may represent an additional morphologic clue to abnormal catecholamine metabolism in Parkinson's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Problems of the acetylene reduction technique applied to water-saturated paddy soils.

The acetylene reduction assay for the measurement of N(2) fixation in a water-saturated paddy soil is limited by the slow diffusion of acetylene and ethylene. In laboratory incubation tests, vigorous shaking after the assay period is needed to release ethylene into the gas within the assay vials. Shaking prior to the incubation is also effective for dissolving acetylene in the water-saturated soil. However, a water-saturated soil depth of less than 10 mm during incubation is recommended. In field assays, some amounts of ethylene remain in the water-saturated soil phase of the acetylene reduction assay chamber, but stirring the water-saturated soil before sampling reduces the amount of ethylene remaining in soil. Evidence of a downward movement of acetylene and an upward movement of ethylene through rice plants was obtained. Because of the rapid transfer of acetylene to rice plant roots, an in situ acetylene reduction assay covering a rice hill is likely to detect nitrogen fixation in the proximity of roots where acetylene is easily accessible. Acetylene introduction to the water-saturated soil phase prior to assay did not greatly increase the acetylene reduction rate. Carbon dioxide enrichment in the assay chamber did not enhance nitrogen fixation in a paddy including rice and algae during a 1-day cycle.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1977

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the subglottis. An ultrastructural study.

A well-differentiated mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the subglottis of a 77-year-old man was studied by light and electron microscopy. The tumor consisted of mucous cells, epidermoid cells, and intermediate cells of both differentiation. Mucous cells formed glands and cystic spaces filled with mucin. Abundant tonofibrils in aggregates were observed in tumor cell cytoplasms when they were differentiated into epidermoid cells. Epidermoid cells varied in differentiation.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Cell cycle dependent response and combined treatment of tumor.

Attempt was made to summarize data indicating cell cycle dependence of survival response to various antitumor agents. Normalized patterns of survival response permitted us to group agents into two major categories. It was known that effect of agents on cell progression was not only related to respective periods of the cell cycle but also rather specific for each category of agents. The extent of progression inhibition was not compared on a quantitative basis. On the basis of above findings a rational combination and a scheduled administration of agents for effective sterilization of tumor cells were considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The effect of alloxan on the permeability of isolated pancreatic islets to horseradish peroxidase.

The effect of alloxan on the permeability of isolated pancreatic islets to horseradish peroxidase was studied by a perifusion system, which allowed simultaneous monitoring of glucose-induced insulin secretion. Rat islets were perifused with a 5 mg/ml glucose solution containing horseradish peroxidase for ten or thirty minutes, with or without prior exposure to alloxan (20 mg%) for five minutes. Control islets without alloxan treatment showed few necrotic beta cells diffusely infiltrated with exogenous peroxidase; and, the majority were intact beta cells containing numerous peroxidase-positive vesicles. Islets purifused with alloxan in a 1 mg/ml glucose solution showed many damaged beta cells loaded with peroxidase; whereas, intact beta cells contained a few peroxidase-positive vesicles. In islets purifused with alloxan in a 5 mg/ml glucose solution, the features seen in the control islets and the islets purifused with alloxan in a 1 mg/ml glucose solution were observed--namely, degenerated beta cells loaded with peroxidase and intact beta cells with numberous peroxidase-positive vesicles. As the guinea pig is known to be relatively resistant to the effect of alloxan, the effect of alloxan was examined in the isolated islets of guinea pig. The degenerated peroxidase-positive beta cells were not observed in guinea pig islets, which had been exposed to alloxan (20 mg%). It is concluded that the direct alloxan action on rat beta cells is at least partially to damage beta cell membranes with resultant enhanced permeability to horseradish peroxidase.

Alloxan↗