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Biomedical subjects

I Varsano

Publications and source records attributed to I Varsano.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Interstitial deletion 2q14q21.

A girl with multiple congenital anomalies and a tendency to severe pyogenic infections was found to have an interstitial deletion of chromosome band 2q14----q21. Unusual facial manifestations included enophthalmos, long philtrum, micrognathia, narrow forehead, prominent glabella, and depressed nasal bridge. Unilateral corneal clouding, with Peters-like anomaly; agenesis of the corpus callosum; brain atrophy; and heart, kidney, hand, and dermatoglyphic anomalies were additional findings. Eye anomalies were observed in five of 22 patients with deletions of chromosome 2q. In comparing these cases, it seems that deletions of bands 2q21 and 2q31 are variably associated with microphthalmia, corneal clouding, cataracts, and Peters anomaly. Measurement of protein C and interleukin-1 (IL-1) did not show a gene dose effect, but the pyogenic infections and low IgA found in this patient may reflect an abnormality of IL-1 not detectable by our methods.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

Experience and training as factors in physician performance in a pediatric emergency room.

The medical records of 463 children seen in a hospital emergency room were studied prospectively to examine the influence of physicians' experience on their performance in the emergency room. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach of three groups of physicians to the following problems were studied: fever lasting less than 24 h or 2-7 days, diarrhea and dyspnea. The results show that less experienced physicians (residents in their first week of practice in the emergency room) tended to request a significantly greater number of laboratory tests than the senior physicians, but tended to prescribe less medications, particularly those used for symptomatic treatment. Following 3 months' training in the emergency room, these residents generally exhibited a pattern of laboratory utilization similar to that of their respective seniors; however, the residents demonstrated a significantly increased propensity to diagnose more patients as having bacterial infections and to prescribe more antibiotics. In addition to the attention paid to young physicians' diagnostic utilization performance, their therapeutic pattern of practice should also be assessed.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone as compared to 7-day amoxicillin therapy for acute otitis media in children. A double-blind clinical trial.

Fifty-two children (mean age 23 months) with acute otitis media were treated randomly with either a single intramuscular dose of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 50 mg/kg (27 patients) or 7 days of amoxicillin 12.5 mg/kg t.i.d. (25 patients). The rate of resolution of acute symptoms and incidence of recurrences and relapses during the first months after commencement of the therapy was similar in the two groups. One week following the start of treatment no difference was observed in the proportion of patients with tympanometric evidence of middle ear effusion (MEE) in either of the two groups. On day 30, however, significantly more patients from the ceftriaxone group had flat tympanograms-83% as compared to 47% in the amoxicillin group. Therefore, single-dose ceftriaxone therapy cannot be suggested at present as routine therapy for acute otitis, although it may be considered a reasonable alternative in noncompliant patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy and safety of ketotifen in young children with asthma.

Thirty children (aged 1 to 3 years) with mild to moderate asthma were entered into a 28-week double-blind, crossover study comparing the prophylactic effect of ketotifen and placebo. A patient daily diary card was used to document symptoms and concomitant medications taken during a 2-week baseline and subsequent 12-week drug/placebo period. This was followed by a 2-week washout and 12 more weeks of drug/placebo in a crossover design. Physician assessment was performed at the beginning, at the end of each period, and at 4-week intervals throughout the drug study. No significant difference was observed between ketotifen treatment and placebo treatment in any of the study parameters that were tested. A decrease in concomitant medication usage during the first treatment period with ketotifen was observed. The principle side effect of ketotifen therapy observed in this age group was weight gain. In contrast to studies in adults, no sedation was noted.

Asthma↗
PubMed1987

Benign congenital hypotonia. A clinical study in 43 children.

The clinical features and short-term follow-up of benign congenital hypotonia (BCH) were studied in a group of 43 children. All children were referred for the evaluation of delayed motor performance during the first year of life. The hypotonia was mild in 35 children and moderate in 8. A "sitting-on-air" posture was found in 26 children (60%), and bottom shuffling (scooting) in 8 (19%). Thirty-six children were followed to the end of their third year of life. At this age minor neurological abnormalities could be found in 16 (44%) including hypotonia in 7, clumsy gait in 11 and speech delay in 3. In 30% of the cases there was a family history of delayed motor achievements. However, no significant differences were found between familial and non-familial cases regarding either clinical presentation or residual neurological findings. In view of the similarity in the clinical presentation of different causes of infantile hypotonia, the syndrome of BCH should be recognized. In such cases, because of the expected benign course, invasive diagnostic procedures may be withheld while the child is kept under follow-up, and be considered only in cases without complete recovery.

Child Development↗
PubMed1987

Non-interaction of ketotifen and theophylline in children with asthma--an acute study.

Six asthmatic children participated in an acute crossover randomized study. They received a single dose of aminophylline syrup 6 mg/kg after having received ketotifen syrup 1 mg b.i.d. or placebo for 8 days. Ketotifen did not significantly affect the heart rate, pulse pressure or such pharmacokinetic parameters of theophylline as peak serum level, time to peak, half life and AUC. Thus, ketotifen had no significant effect on the disposition of theophylline.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Stress fractures: a diagnostic problem.

Three cases of stress fracture, in which diagnosis was aided by sequential radiographs and radionuclide scanning are presented; and a procedure for their management, which attempts to eliminate the need for invasive investigations, is suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Vitamin B12 deficiency due to a strictly vegetarian diet in adolescence.

A 14-year-old white girl suffered from severe neurologic disturbances caused by vitamin B12 deficiency, due to failure to provide vitamin B12 supplementation to a strictly vegetarian diet. The disturbances resolved completely following treatment with vitamin B12. Physicians should be alert to the necessity for vitamin B12 supplementation for strict vegetarians, who eat no meat, fish, eggs, or dairy products.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Fixed drug eruption of the penis due to co-trimoxazole.

Fixed eruption of the penis, due to co-trimoxazole, is described in two boys. The eruption was accompanied by severe swelling of the penis, urine retention, and pain during micturition. The migration inhibiting factor assay for co-trimoxazole was negative, but the mast cell degranulation test was strongly positive, suggesting reaginic hypersensitivity reaction.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Efficacy of topical application of glucocorticosteroids compared with eosin in infants with seborrheic dermatitis.

Two therapeutic regimens for seborrheic dermatitis in infancy were compared. Fifteen infants were treated with topical glucocorticosteroid (flumethasone pivalate 0.02 percent) and fifteen with aqueous solution of the staining agent eosin 2 percent. Following two days of treatment a similar degree of healing was noted in both groups, and after ten days almost complete healing of the lesions was observed in all of the infants.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1986

The diagnosis of Dubowitz syndrome in the neonatal period--a case report.

We present an infant with Dubowitz syndrome diagnosed at birth and followed for 2 years. Presence of the syndrome was suspected at birth on the basis of the anthropometric data and peculiar facial appearance. However, during the follow-up period some changes in the appearance have taken place. It is suggested that the neonatal anthropometric measurements are important diagnostic criteria for Dubowitz syndrome.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in healthy children, adolescents and adults as determined by a radioimmunoassay specific for the synthetic 53-70 peptide region.

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) specific for the synthetic 53-70 peptide region of human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) was used to determine IGF-I in the serum of 191 healthy newborns, children and adolescents and in 26 adults. The results compare favourably with reported values obtained using RIA systems for the native IGF-I molecule. Intra- and inter-assay CV were 3.3 and 7.2% respectively. In childhood, mean +/- SD IGF-I levels rise from 6.0 +/- 3.5 nmol/l in newborns to 16.5 +/- 4.0 nmol/l at 8-11 years in both sexes. At the onset of puberty, IGF-I levels in females (24.9 +/- 6.6 nmol/l) are significantly (P greater than 0.005) higher than in males (17.2 +/- 4.2 nmol/l). With further pubertal development IGF-I levels continue to rise, reaching peak values at pubertal stage P4 (40.6 +/- 4.5 nmol/l in males, 42.8 +/- 5.1 nmol/l in females) and decline thereafter to lower values during adulthood: 16.5 +/- 5.8 nmol/l (males) and 24.2 +/- 7.0 nmol/l (females) (P greater than 0.001). In pubertal males, IGF-I correlates significantly with height (r = 0.66, P less than 0.001), bone age (r = 0.69, P less than 0.001) and growth velocity (r = 0.64, P = 0.025) as well as with testosterone levels (r = 0.69, P less than 0.001). In pubertal females a significant correlation is found between IGF-I and height (r = 0.55, P less than 0.020). The ready availability of a simple, precise and reproducible IGF-I RIA, should contribute much to evaluating the importance of IGF-I measurements in normal growth and in the diagnosis and therapy of various growth disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Adrenocortical suppression by topical application of glucocorticosteroids in infants with seborrheic dermatitis.

Fifteen infants with seborrheic dermatitis were treated with topical glucocorticosteroids (flumethasone pivalate 0.02%). Early morning plasma cortisol levels were determined prior to treatment, during the 10-day treatment period, and 2 days after its termination. The mean plasma cortisol level prior to treatment was 8.8 +/- 3.4 micrograms%; after 2 days of application there was a significant decrease of the mean to 2.5 +/- 1.3 micrograms% that persisted throughout the treatment period. Two days after termination of treatment, the mean plasma cortisol level rose to 7.1 +/- 3.7 micrograms% but in five infants was still less than 5 micrograms% and in two less than 2 micrograms%, the latter two having shown the greatest involvement of the skin. The possibility of pituitary/adrenocortical inhibition similar to that observed with the systemic administration of glucocorticosteroids and the potential associated risks should be considered when treating cases that would require extensive application of flumethasone pivalate in infants.

Absorption↗
PubMed1986

Deciduous tooth eruption in children who fail to gain weight.

In order to investigate the usefulness of the number of erupted deciduous teeth (NET) as a growth parameter, we studied deciduous tooth eruption (DTE) in 46 infants between the ages of 6 and 30 months, who failed to gain weight. The cause of the failure to thrive was intrauterine growth retardation in 17 children, and undetermined in 29. In these babies, height and head circumference were significantly below the mean as well. However, NET was almost unchanged when compared to NET of Israeli children of the same age. These findings support the view that DTE is an independent process, unrelated to other anthropometric measurements. Thus, NET may not be used as a clinical parameter of physical development.

Body Height↗