Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Tada

Publications and source records attributed to I Tada.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Effects of preintestinal larval antigenic stimuli on the generation of intestinal immunity in Strongyloides ratti infection in rats.

Generation of intestinal immunity by antigenic stimulation with preintestinal, tissue-migrating larvae was investigated in the Strongyloides ratti-rat model. The results of daily fecal egg counts showed that the intestinal immunity against adult worms could be partially generated by priming with preintestinal migrating larvae. A further study demonstrated that this partial reduction of daily fecal egg count was mainly the result of inhibitory effects on the fecundity of the parasitic females, although the expulsion of the parasite from the gut could be advanced by several days. After tertiary immunization with preintestinal larvae, no significant potentiation in the protection was observed when compared with the rats treated by primary immunization alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical use of the serum level of immuno-suppressive acidic protein (IAP) in gastroenterological surgery].

Between September, 1981 and August, 1982, the IAP serum levels were measured in 151 patients to evaluate the correlation between these levels and the clinical spectrum. Pre- and postoperative IAP levels were also compared with the hospital course. Abnormally high IAP levels (greater than 450 micrograms/ml) were observed in malignant diseases, especially in patients with cancer of the pancreas, choledochus, gall-bladder, and esophagus. Of 193 patients, 81 revealed abnormal levels; 28 of these (34.6%) died during this study. The average of their survival time was 2.7 months. Nine of 81 patients (11.1%) experienced severe complications, but recovered. On the other hand, 112 patients with normal IAP levels had a relatively good hospital course; 9 (8%) died. None of the 112 patients experienced any complications. These results suggest that the IAP level may be a good tool in predicting clinical features and prognoses.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Skin test study of Bancroftian filariasis in Kuroshima Island, Okinawa: a 13-year longitudinal study during a control campaign.

A longitudinal study was performed in an island, endemic for Bancroftian filariasis, by blood survey and skin test from the beginning of a filariasis control campaign in 1967 through 1980. The initial microfilarial rate of 13.2% was successfully reduced to almost 0 by 1970, by the selective administration of diethylcarbamazine to microfilaria positives. The age distribution of skin-test positivity changed year by year, especially in the younger age groups. A marked reduction was seen in the positive rate in the 0- to 9- and 10- to 19-year-old age groups. The change of skin reactivity for all islanders was evaluated, and revealed a gradual decrease in the wheal-size over the observation period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Stage-specific cross-resistance between Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Strongyloides ratti (Nematoda) in rats.

Stage-specificity of cross-resistance between Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Strongyloides ratti was investigated. Results showed that immunization with tissue-migrating larvae was sufficient to generate cross-resistance and that host defense mechanisms operating in the cross-resistance were directed against tissue-migrating larvae but not against intestinal adult worms. In addition, no significant potentiation of the cross-resistance was observed after multiple immunization. These observations suggest that host defense mechanisms against heterologous challenge infection were qualitatively and/or quantitatively different from those against homologous challenge infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The use of aceto-orcein-stained squash preparations for enumeration of nuclei in microfilariae of various filarial parasites.

The nuclear numbers of situated between the cephalic space and the nerve ring (CS-NR) in the microfilariae of six filarial species were examined. For the counting of nuclei, aceto-orcein squashing preparations were used. This procedure revealed nuclei clearly visible under the phase-contrast microscope. The mean number of nuclei in the CS-NR region was very similar between Brugia pahangi and B. malayi, but was statistically different between Onchocerca volvulus and O. gutturosa. In the microfilariae of O. volvulus, two types of nuclei were clearly shown in this region. The procedure described is useful in the anatomical study of microfilariae.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The distribution of microfilariae in the skin of Guatemalan onchocerciasis patients: an evaluation of diagnostic potentials.

Quantitative examinations for the distribution and density of microfilariae were carried out on male Guatemalan onchocerciasis patients by taking 6 or 13 skin biopsies each from 74 subjects. We found that microfilariae were distributed most frequently on the iliac crest and secondarily in the scapular region; higher detection rates and greater microfilarial densities were seen in these areas. From these results we recommend the taking of biopsies from both of these anatomical regions so as to avoid false negative cases. The infected patients were classified into 3 groups (light, moderate and heavy infections) on the basis of the numbers of negative skin snips out of the 13 biopsies taken. In heavy infections, a higher densities of microfilariae were detected in the head and neck regions, as compared with the densities in the lower extremities (calf). The high concentration of microfilariae in these regions is of importance in relation to the development of eye lesions and/or transmission. Of patients who had microfilariae in the anterior segment of the eye some had negative skin biopsies frm the outer canthus, retroauricular region and neck.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1980

Dermatological survey of onchocerciasis in Guatemala.

A comprehensive survey of onchocerciasis was performed on 1259 inhabitants in San Vicente Pacaya and the surrounding area. The total number of inhabitants examined was 1259, 763 males and 496 females. An examination of microfilarial density was carried out by the skin snip method. There were 610 microfilarial positives (50.4%) out of 1211 persons, 448 males (60.9%), and 162 females (34.1%). Nodules were examined by palpation, and there were 404 (32.8%) positives for nodule out of 1232 persons, 299 males (40.3%), and 105 females (21.4%). Eczematous dermatitis was seen in 149 persons, the generalized type in 13, and other types in 136. Depigmentation on the lower extremities was seen in 290 persons, the severity was graded from 0 to 4, and grade 1 depigmentation was seen in 91; grade 2, in 143; grade 3, in 52 and grade 4 in 4 persons out of 1159 individuals examined. The positives for lymphadenopathy (above grade 2) were 464 (41.2%) out of 1127 individuals. Itching was seen in 129 (18.3%) of 705 individuals examined by the inquiry card method. The correlation between skin changes and onchocerciasis was also analyzed. Those individuals who were microfilarial positive in the skin snip and eyes, and who had palpable nodules were defined as being onchocerciasis patients. There was a high frequency of eczematous dermatitis, depigmentation on the lower extremities and lymphadenopathy in the onchocerciasis infected group, compared with the non-infected group, but there was no difference in the rate of itching between them. Hanging groin, elephantiasis and "erisipela de la costa" were not seen in this endemic area, and the degree of skin changes was slight, compared with that reported in Africa thus far.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Onchocerciasis in San Vicente Pacaya, Guatemala.

An epidemiological survey for onchocerciasis was carried out in the San Vicente Pacaya area of Guatemala. A total of 2,153 inhabitants were examined by a single skin snip, and 664 (30.8%) were positive for microfilariae. Slit lamp examination of the anterior chamber of the eye revealed microfilariae in 6.2%; the positive rate for microfilariae in the anterior chamber was proportional to the microfilarial density in the skin. The altitude-dependent character of onchocercal infection was shown in this mountainous area, suggesting that transmission occurs principally between 600 and 1,300 m. Of, 1,217 persons examined simultaneously by skin snip and by palpation for nodules, 587 were positive by one or both methods; 101 infections were detected by onchocercal nodules only and these were usually in children or persons living in areas of low endemicity. It was concluded that both the skin snip and a search for nodules are required for accurately determining the prevalence of onchocerciasis in Guatemala.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Dirofilaria in the abdominal cavity of a man in Japan.

A case of human dirofilariasis of the abdominal cavity is reported from Japan. The patient, a 74-year-old man, died of liver cancer; postmortem examination revealed a granulomatous mass on the mesentery. In histologic sections there were cross-sections of a mature female nematode identified as a Dirofilaria. The cuticle had a smooth surface and consisted of four distinct layers. The inner cuticular layer had internal lateral longitudinal ridges, and the musculature of the body wall was of the high polymyarian type. On the basis of morphology of the worm, it is suggested that this may represent the first human case of Dirofilaria immitis occurring in the abdominal cavity.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1979

A sero-epidemiological study of onchocerciasis with the indirect hemagglutination test.

A sero-epidemiological study of onchocerciasis was carried out with the IHA test in Guatemala. In the endemic area, 94.8% of 191 subjects with microfilariae, 82.1% of 172 cases with onchocercal nodules, and 22.5% of 236 cases without either microfilariae or nodules gave positive reactions in the IHA test. On the other hand, the positive rate was 3.4% and 2.0% in each of 2 nonendemic populations. A follow-up study of reactors in the IHA with neither microfilariae nor nodules showed that 11 (42%) of 26 cases were microfilaria positive 6--7 mo after the first examination. A clear correlation was found between the results of the IHA test and skin biopsy in surveyed communities. The age distribution curve of the IHA test was closely associated with skin biopsy although the former was higher. IHA titers rose in proportion to microfilarial density. A sex-related difference was evident in the IHA positive rate in the subjects from medium and low endemic areas, but little difference was shown in individuals from a higher endemic area.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual occurrence of six anti-erythrocyte alloantibodies in an Rh(D)-negative man with myelodysplastic syndrome.

We report an Rh(D)-negative man with myelodysplastic syndrome who produced six anti-erythrocyte alloantibodies (anti-D, -C, -E, -Dia, -Jka and -S) in succession. Three of these antibodies (anti-E, -Jka and -S) were not noted until delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions occurred. Treatment with cortico-steroids was effective in preventing both further formations of antibodies and other transfusion reactions. It was very difficult to find blood compatible with the patient, but repetitive blood transfusions were required for his progressive anemia and thrombocytopenia. Several problems concerning the transfusion of blood in such a case are discussed.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A report of the first case of Dirofilaria infection in the eyelid region in Japan.

Dirofilaria worms were recovered from a painless hard tumor in the right eyelid of a 19-year-old Japanese male who had lived in Kagoshima and Kumamoto Prefectures, Japan. In the worms, the cuticle had a smooth surface, the inner cuticular layer had internal lateral longitudinal ridges, and the musculature of the body wall was the polymyarian type. On the basis of all morphological characteristics observed, this worm was identified as an immature female Dirofilaria immitis. This is the first human case of nematode infection in the eyelid in Japan. Surgical removal of the mass with worms resulted in complete recovery from swelling of his right eyelid.

Adult↗