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Biomedical subjects

I Sato

Publications and source records attributed to I Sato.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Method for the quantitative evaluation of the distribution pattern of nuclei in normal and malignant endometrial epithelia.

A quantitative method of evaluating the pattern of distribution of nuclei within a cell cluster was developed and applied to endometrial cytology. The distribution pattern (DP) is mathematically expressed using a "DP index," which can be determined as a product of the square root of the nuclear density, square root of n0, and the mean distance between the two nearest nuclei, r. The DP index has a limited range of decreasing values from 1.074 to 0.5 to 0, indicative of regular, random and aggregated patterns of nuclear distribution, respectively. The estimated DP index was 0.831 +/- 0.031 (mean +/- standard deviation) in the clusters of normal endometrial epithelial cells from 16 nonneoplastic cases, but 0.638 +/- 0.041 in malignant epithelia from 19 cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The index of normal epithelia was close to 0.877 of the regular hexagonal distribution pattern. Contrary to this, the DP index was significantly smaller in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (P less than .001), approaching 0.5, the theoretical value of a random distribution pattern. These findings suggest that quantitative analysis of the distribution pattern of nuclei can be a useful aid in the cytodiagnosis of endometrial lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy with fibrosis of bone marrow, lymph node, liver and spleen, and proliferation of epithelioid cells in lymph nodes].

We report a 47-year-old man diagnosed as angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia (AILD) with fibrosis of the bone marrow, lymph node, liver and spleen, and proliferation of epithelioid cells in lymph node. He was admitted to a hospital in May, 1980 because of general fatigue, cough, fever and systemic lymphadenopathy. The diagnosis of AILD was based on a biopsy of right cervical lymph node. His symptoms were improved but recurred with the addition of icterus and progressive pancytopenia with decrement of prednisolone. He was referred to our hospital in July, 1980 and his physical examination revealed generalized lymphadenopathy, icterus and hepatosplenomegaly. Hemogram showed pancytopenia, and needle biopsy of the bone marrow disclosed fibrosis. Sections from the lymph node showed AILD with proliferation of epithelioid cells. Administration of 60 mg/day of prednisolone improved the fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. However he died suddenly of acute respiratory failure on July 30. Autopsy showed fibrosis of bone marrow, lymph node, liver and spleen with infiltration of abnormal lymphocytes, and pulmonary aspergillosis.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1990

Nucleolar organizer regions in human adrenocortical disorders.

A silver colloid technique to demonstrate nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (AgNORs) was performed on sections of 39 human adrenal glands, including normal adrenal cortex, bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, adenoma, and carcinoma. In mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid-producing adrenocortical cells, the mean number of AgNORs per nucleus was lowest in the normal adrenal gland and highest in adenoma, with statistically significant differences. The mean number of AgNORs in bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia was placed between that of normal adrenal and adenoma. AgNOR numbers in morphologically and clinically verified adrenocortical carcinoma (12 cases) were not different from those in adenoma (17 cases). In adrenal cortex, AgNOR numbers may be correlated with increased steroid hormone production but appear to be of little value in discerning malignancy in adrenocortical neoplasms.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Effects of bilateral transvenous diaphragm pacing on hemodynamic function in patients after cardiac operations. Experimental and clinical study.

The effects of bilateral transvenous diaphragm pacing and intermittent positive-pressure ventilation on hemodynamic function were compared by animal experiment in 18 dogs and by clinical study in 14 patients during the postoperative period after cardiac operations. Aortic, pulmonary arterial, right atrial, and left atrial pressures (transmural) and aortic flow were increased by diaphragm pacing in the canine experiment. In dogs with induced tricuspid insufficiency, aortic pressure, right and left atrial pressures, and aortic blood flow increased, similar to the results obtained in the clinical study. Diaphragm pacing produced a sufficient tidal volume (7.2 to 12 ml/kg) for maintenance of normal blood gas levels in the patients, all of whom recovered spontaneous breathing without any weaning problems after 2 to 6 hours of diaphragm pacing. The catheter electrode used for stimulation was placed 30 mm away from the sinus node to avoid arrhythmias. Respiratory control by diaphragm pacing is hemodynamically superior to that by intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, and its efficacy is expected, especially in critical cases or in diseases or conditions in which the decrease in the load of the right heart affects the hemodynamic status of the patient.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Homologies between herpesvirus of turkey and Marek's disease virus type-1 DNAs within two co-linearly arranged open reading frames, one encoding glycoprotein A.

The genomes of two avian herpesviruses, Marek's disease virus type 1 (MDV1) and herpesvirus of turkey (HVT), share close homology only within certain DNA regions. One such homologous region of HVT DNA was cloned and sequenced. Two open reading frames (ORFs) were found in the long unique region, ORF1 encoding the glycoprotein A (gA), and ORF2 encoding a still unidentified protein. These two HVT-ORFs are located at almost the same positions as the homologous MDV1-ORFs. The nucleotide sequence homologies between HVT and MDV1 were 73% and 68% for ORF1 and ORF2, respectively. Both the 5'- and 3'-noncoding regions, however, are less conserved. The third letter within every codon of ORF1 and ORF2 showed a mismatch of greater than 50% between the two viruses. The amino acid (aa) sequence homologies between the corresponding putative viral proteins are 83% and 80% for ORF1 (gA) and ORF2, respectively. More than 90% homology was observed in the C-terminal region of ORF1 (gA). Furthermore, the deduced aa sequences for both of the ORFs in these two viruses showed considerable homology to two adjoining genes in herpes simplex virus type 1, the glycoprotein C and UL45 genes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Differentiation between late potentials of right ventricular and of left ventricular origin.

The aim of this study was to determine whether late potentials of right and left ventricular origin could be differentiated with the use of a signal-averaging technique. Nineteen patients with both late potentials and recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia were divided into 2 groups according to the origin of their late potentials. Group I consisted of 10 patients with late potentials that originated from the right ventricle. Group II consisted of 9 patients with late potentials originating from the left ventricle. Signal-averaged electrocardiograms (Marquette Electronics MAC I unit) were recorded using 3 bipolar and 3 augmented unipolar leads (the electrode positions were V1, V5 and V6R) with a band-pass filter of 100 to 300 Hz. The augmented unipolar V5 lead (aV5) was used for left-side recording and the augmented unipolar V1 lead (aV1) was used for right-side recording. In group I, the mean maximal late potential amplitude was larger in lead aV1 than in lead aV5 (5.1 +/- 2.5 vs 3.7 +/- 1.8 microV, p less than 0.005) and the maximal late potential amplitude was larger in lead aV1 in all except 1 patient. In group II, however, the mean maximal late potential amplitude was smaller in lead aV1 than in lead aV5 (4.0 +/- 3.0 vs 5.7 +/- 3.2 microV, p less than 0.005) and the maximal late potential amplitude was smaller in lead aV1 in all patients. Thus, the origin of late potentials (right ventricular vs left ventricular origin) can be determined by comparing the maximal amplitudes of late potentials in the right- and left-sided leads. This method might be useful in determining ventricular tachycardia origins.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1989

Quantitative analysis of fiber disarray developing in papillary muscles unloaded after mitral valve replacement.

Muscle fiber disarray which developed in the papillary muscle released from its chordal attachment after mitral valve replacement (MVR) was analysed histometrically in 23 hearts. The degree of disarray, or how far the fiber arrangement deviated from an ideal condition in which the fibers are considered to be aligned in parallel, was evaluated in terms of the "disarray index". This index corresponds to the ratio of the minor to major axes of a regression ellipse which can be obtained histometrically by plotting the reciprocal of the number of muscle fibers intersected by a test line of equal length in every direction on a polar coordinate system. The index can vary continuously in a range from 0.00 for a completely parallel fiber alignment to 1.00 for a completely random distribution. The estimated index showed a gradual increase from 0.05 to 0.68 according to the postoperative survival period after MVR with a significant positive correlation (r = 0.793, p less than 0.01). The index was inversely correlated with the mean muscle fiber diameter (r = -0.433, p less than 0.05). These results indicate that the disarray which develops in the papillary muscle after MVR is a deformation of the normally parallel arrangement of fibers toward an isotropic texture under focal disruption of the normally longitudinally oriented tensile force.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Exercise testing, clinical, and angiographic characteristics of anginal patients with and without diabetes mellitus.

To elucidate the influence of coexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) on clinical and pathophysiologic characteristics in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), the authors reviewed 1,211 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and selected 80 patients with significant CAD but without myocardial infarction, hypertension, or other heart diseases, who underwent both symptom-limited treadmill test (TM) and CAG within four weeks. DM was found in 22 of the 80 patients. No significant difference in the average number of diseased arteries of left ventricular ejection fraction at rest was found between DM patients and patients without DM (NDM patients). The incidences of exercise-induced ST depression and anginal pain revealed no difference between DM and NDM patients. Mean duration of exercise was shorter in DM patients (345 +/- 97 sec) than in NDM patients (423 +/- 162 sec, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, anginal pain during exercise occurred earlier in DM patients (187 +/- 68 sec) than in NDM patients (248 +/- 99 sec, p less than 0.05). No significant difference in double product or magnitude of ST segment depression at the onset of anginal pain was found between DM and NDM patients. However, heart rate responsiveness to exercise in DM patients was higher than that in NDM patients. These findings may indicate that pathophysiology of the heart in CAD patients with DM is affected not only by CAD itself but also by myocardial damage due to DM.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of periodontopathic bacterial components on phagocytic activity of rat peritoneal macrophages. Examination using ELISA].

This study examined the phagocytic activity of rat peritoneal resident macrophages to determine the movement of macrophages in local inflammation in periodontal disease. We studied phagocytic activity by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and used the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase soluble complex (PAP; soluble immune complex) as a marker in. We also determined the basic conditions of this examination and studied the effects of bacterial components and the supernatants of sonicated periodontopathic bacterias. We obtained the number of applied macrophages, the concentration of PAP to use and the incubation time. The phagocytic activity of macrophages was enhanced significantly by the bacterial components lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and muramyldipeptide (MDP). Phagocytic activity was also enhanced by the addition of the supernatant of sonicated Bacteroides gingivalis at 40 micrograms/ml (concentration of protein) and significantly suppressed at 320 micrograms/ml. Moreover, activity was significantly enhanced by the supernatant of sonicated Capnocytophaga suputigena at 40 micrograms/ml and 160 micrograms/ml, and suppressed by the supernatant of Fusobacterium nucleatum at a low concentration of protein (5 micrograms/ml). These results suggested that LPS of gram-negative bacteria's endotoxicity and MDP on pivotal structure of peptidoglycans, which are bacterial cell surface components, exerted an effect on phagocytic activity. It was further indicated that the phagocytic activity of macrophages varied with the effects of each periodontopathic bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of the soft diet on the periodontium and the leukocyte functions of the beige mouse].

The Chédiak-Higashi (C-H) syndrome in man and certain animals including the beige mouse in a genetic disorder (autosomal recessive disease) characterized by partial oculocutaneous albinism, photophobia, recurrent infections and defective leukocyte function manifested by the presence of abnormally large lysosome-like organelles in granule-containing cells. The oral manifestations that have been reported include severe gingivitis, ulcerations, and early, severe, periodontal break-down. The beige mouse is analogous to the C-H syndrome in man. This study was conducted determine the effects of diet (soft diet) on the periodontium and leukocyte functions of beige mice by observing the periodontium and the activity of the cells. Beige mice and their heterozygous male littermates (hetero mice) were used at the age of 4-24 weeks and the lower jaw and neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes were used. There was no significant difference histologically between the beige mice and hetero mice at the age of 24 weeks when that were fed a hard diet. But, when they were fed the soft diet for 4 weeks, bone resorption was seen in the beige mice, but not in the hetero mice. All tested cell activities of the beige mice were significantly lower than those of the hetero mice. The above findings, suggest that there was a correlation between the decreased activity of the inflammatory cells and bone resorption in the mice fed the soft diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A prospective study of future cardiac events in subjects who underwent treadmill exercise testing].

The prognostic value of the exercise testing as well as coronary risk factors was assessed in 890 patients (pts) with a history of myocardial infarction (MI, n = 114) or chest pain (typical angina; TA, n = 134, others; OTH, n = 642) in relation to cardiac events (cardiac death, non-fatal MI). Clinical questionnaires and symptomatic-maximal graded treadmill exercise were performed in all pts. Follow-up was obtained prospectively by mail or telephone interview annually. Twenty eight pts were lost to follow-up. In the remaining 862 pts (96.9%), the mean follow-up duration was 3.1 +/- 1.4 (mean +/- SD) years. During follow-up period, 39 cardiac events (21 cardiac death, 18 non-fatal MI) (4.5%) occurred. Cardiac event rates in pts with MI, TA, and OTH were 16.2%, 9.8%, and 1.3%, respectively. Univariate analyses revealed that the event rate was influenced by age, sex (male), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and HDL-cholesterol among coronary risk factors, and by anginal pain during exercise, ST depression, poor exercise tolerance, and abnormal blood pressure response among treadmill exercise findings. By Cox proportional hazard model analysis, the history of MI, age, TA, and ST depression (within 6 minutes of Bruce protocol) was significantly independent predictors for future cardiac events in all pts; and age, sex, and TA in pts without MI. In conclusion, the exercise testing combined with conventional coronary risk factor analysis was effective means in predicting future cardiac events.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Doppler echocardiographic estimates of pressure gradients in various types of stenoses: usefulness and limitations].

UNLABELLED: In the present study, the accuracy of Doppler estimates of pressure gradients in various types of stenoses was clinically and experimentally evaluated. Fifty-seven patients, including 23 with ventricular septal defect, 15 with aortic or pulmonary valvular stenosis, four with infundibular stenosis, and five with supravalvular aortic or pulmonary stenosis were observed. The peak systolic pressure gradient (dP (C] was obtained at the time of catheterization in all patients. Before catheterization, the maximum velocity was measured by pulsed or continuous Doppler echocardiography and the estimated systolic pressure gradient according to Doppler (dP (D] was calculated by the simplified Bernoulli equation. The experimental model was designed to create pulsatile flow through a stenosis model. Nine different stenotic model types were used, including three orifice-like stenoses and six truncated cones with heights of 10 mm and 20 mm distal to the stenosis. The orifices in their stenoses were 3, 4 and 5 mm, respectively. Glycerin solution containing Sephadex with a viscosity similar to that of blood was used as the circulation medium. Its specific gravity was 1.16 g/cm3. In each stenotic model, the maximum velocity and instantaneous systolic peak pressure gradient were measured at various water flow rates. CLINICAL RESULTS: In patients with ventricular septal defect or valvular stenosis, dP (D) correlated very well to dP (C), with the regression equation, y = 0.87x + 2.79 (r = 0.92) or y = 0.96x + 1.02 (r = 0.99). In the other patients except for three with patent ductus arteriosus, dP (D) overestimated dP (C) by 11 to 71 mmHg, and their post-stenotic areas had gradually widened according to angiographic findings.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular↗
PubMed1989

Staphylococcus aureus skin carriage and development of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

We conducted a 15-month prospective study to investigate the skin carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and the development of peritonitis in 43 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Sixteen of 43 patients (37%) were chronic carriers of S. aureus in the anterior nares and/or in the exit-site of the catheter; 12 patients (28%) were intermittent carriers, and 15 (35%) were noncarriers. Fifty episodes of peritonitis occurred during a total of 422 patient-months of observation. S. aureus was responsible for 16 episodes of peritonitis diagnosed in 15 patients. All episodes of S. aureus peritonitis occurred in chronic and intermittent carriers. Phage typing was performed on isolates from 8 patients with S. aureus peritonitis, and they were found to have the same phage type as that previously carried in the skin. We conclude that CAPD patients who are chronic or intermittent carriers of S. aureus are at higher risk of development of peritonitis than noncarriers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[External conduit repair with "valved pericardial roll"].

External conduit repair was performed in 20 patients with "valved pericardial roll (VPR)" made of own pericardium (one case) or porcine pericardium (19 cases). Intraoperative measurement of peak pressure gradients across the valve ranged from 0 to 8 mmHg (mean 1), and that from the pulmonary ventricle to the pulmonary artery ranged from 0 to 38 mmHg (mean 20). Re-evaluation of 7 patients one year after surgery shows no increase in the pressure gradient except the first case, in which VPR was made of own pericardium. In pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study, no regurgitation was found in 4 patients, mild in 6, moderate in 4, severe in 1. VPR is functioning well with longest follow up at 16 months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Relation between anaerobic threshold and maximal oxygen consumption during graded treadmill exercise].

The ratio of anaerobic threshold (AT) to maximal oxygen consumption (Max VO2), which is referred to as relative AT, was evaluated in six athletic students (S), 12 normal male subjects (N) and 39 patients with chronic heart disease (C). Group C was categorized in three subgroups according to the New York Heart Association functional class (CI: 10, CII: 16 and CIII: 13 patients). The symptomatic-maximal graded treadmill exercise test was performed and respiratory parameters were measured by R1500S Autoaerobics. AT was determined as the oxygen consumption (VO2) at which a linear relationship between pulmonary ventilation and VO2 was lost during progressive exercise. All subjects performed maximal exertion until they were limited by either shortness of breath or leg fatigue. AT (ml/min/kg) was 36.4 +/- 6.0, 25.9 +/- 5.7, 21.4 +/- 4.5, 16.3 +/- 4.0 and 11.1 +/- 2.6, and MaxVO2 (ml/min/kg) was 77.3 +/- 6.5, 47.6 +/- 10.2, 29.5 +/- 6.1, 22.5 +/- 5.8 and 15.5 +/- 3.1, respectively, in group S, N, CI, CII and CIII (p less than 0.01 between each group). Relative AT(%) was 46.8 +/- 4.4, 54.9 +/- 7.2, 72.1 +/- 6.4, 73.0 +/- 8.6 and 72.6 +/- 8.7, respectively, in groups S, N, CI, CII and CIII (p less than 0.01 between S and N, between N and CI-CIII, between S and CI-III). The anaerobic threshold appeared at mid-point in the graded symptomatic maximal exercise test. However, the appearance of AT relative to the maximal oxygen consumption varied from 47 to 73% in the study groups tested. AT appeared relatively early in normal subjects compared to cardiac subjects.

Adult↗