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Biomedical subjects

I Sarova-Pinhas

Publications and source records attributed to I Sarova-Pinhas.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Intravenous gammaglobulin treatment in multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis: delineation of usage and mode of action.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system demyelinating disease of implicated autoimmune aetiology. The effect was evaluated of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVIg), a successful therapy in various autoimmune diseases, in relapsing-remitting MS patients treated for three years. IVIg treatment significantly reduced the number and severity of acute exacerbations and resulted in a lesser neurological disability. There were no significant short or long-term adverse effects to IVIg treatment. To clarify the putative therapeutic effects of IVIg, this treatment was examined in the animal model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in the rat. IVIg suppressed active EAE in relation to disease severity and duration, despite the presence of T-cell reactivity to specific antigens, while the treatment had no effect on passive EAE induced by adoptive transfer of myelin basic protein specific CD4 + T-cells. It is concluded that IVIg treatment may be a promising treatment in relapsing-remitting MS as it can alter the natural course of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Tourette's disorder.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1993

Hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease) with nerve deafness: a new variant.

Hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy with sensorineural deafness is described in a family; the neurologic features and deafness were apparent in early childhood and infancy. The clinical syndrome in the family was not closely linked to the Duffy blood group, nor was duplication demonstrated at the disease-associated locus 17 p11.2. This family may represent a different form of this heterogeneous disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Open controlled therapeutic trial of intravenous immune globulin in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Ten patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were treated with intravenous immune globulin, 0.4 g/kg per day for 5 consecutive days, and then with additional booster doses of immune globulin of 0.4 g/kg, once every 2 months, for the next 12 months. Ten untreated patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis who were matched with the study patients for age, disease duration, and number of attacks per year served as controls. Immune globulin treatment was well tolerated, with no side effects. The exacerbation rate decreased from 3.7 +/- 1.2 exacerbations per year before treatment to 1.0 +/- 0.7 exacerbations per year during the treatment in the immune globulin-treated patients, while it remained unaltered in the controls. The posttreatment Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale score decreased from a mean of 4.45 to 4.15, whereas in controls it increased from 3.55 to 3.75. The results suggest that immune globulin suppresses the ongoing pathologic process in multiple sclerosis and may be a promising treatment to prevent disease exacerbations.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Giant axonal neuropathy with predominant central nervous system manifestations.

The authors describe a 25-year-old woman with giant axonal neuropathy (GAN) and severe CNS involvement. She had been admitted to hospital with generalized seizures, and had gait disturbances followed by progressive mental deterioration since childhood. Neurological examination revealed mental retardation, scanning speech, cerebellar dysfunction, pyramidal signs, mainly in the lower extremities, and peripheral sensory neuropathy. Sensory nerve conduction velocity was decreased; brain CT and MRI showed diffuse demyelination. Sural nerve biopsy revealed characteristic signs of GAN. The patient's older sister had died at the age of 23, after having had similar neurological disturbances since childhood. This case illustrates an unfamiliar presentation of GAN, characterized by mild sensory neuropathy and serve CNS involvement, including seizures.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Weight gain, increased appetite, and excessive food intake induced by carbamazepine.

Four young patients who developed weight gain induced by carbamazepine therapy are described. The patients received the carbamazepine as anticonvulsant treatment, and soon after starting the drug, abruptly developed an increase in appetite with a concomitant increase in food intake. During a period of 2 months the patients' weights rose by between 7 and 15 kg. Dietary restriction during the carbamazepine treatment was ineffective in promoting weight loss, and loss of the excess weight was achieved only when the drug was discontinued. These patients demonstrate an as yet unpublished adverse effect of carbamazepine. In carbamazepine-induced weight gain, overeating and fat deposition must be taken into consideration as a differential diagnosis to the hitherto described water retention and edema.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Autosplenectomy complicating pneumococcal meningitis in an adult.

We present a rare complication of pneumococcal meningitis. A 56-year-old female patient with pneumococcal meningitis developed acute hyposplenism. Left-sided hypochondriacal pain accompanied by a marked thrombocytosis developed during the convalescent period. Abdominal radionuclide and computed tomographic scans demonstrated damage to the spleen. The findings were compatible with autosplenectomy.

Female↗
PubMed1990

LDH isoenzymes in cerebrospinal fluid in various brain tumours.

This study examined the isoenzymatic pattern of LDH in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as well as the ratio between the five fractions of LDH among patients with various brain tumours, carcinomatous meningitis and control groups. LDH 1/LDH 2 less than 1 was found significant for carcinomatous meningitis (p less than 0.001) and brain metastases (p less than 0.001). LDH 1/LDH 2 ratio was found to be significantly lower in carcinomatous meningitis than in brain metastases (p less than 0.05). No LDH 1/LDH 2 ratios smaller than 1 were found in the other groups. The LDH 1/LDH 2 ratio smaller than 1 was found in the early stage of carcinomatous meningitis without other evidences of the involvement of the leptomeninges. Examination of LDH 1/LDH 2 can be found as an adjunctive method to identify brain metastases and carcinomatous meningitis at the initial stage.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1990

Cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase levels in early stroke and transient ischemic attacks.

We examined the concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase in the cerebrospinal fluid of 25 patients with strokes and 15 patients with transient ischemic attacks less than or equal to 8 hours after the onset of the vascular event and in a control group of 21 patients. We found significantly higher concentrations in the stroke patients (40.9 +/- 14.5 units/l) than in the transient ischemic attack patients (11.8 +/- 2.9 units/l, p less than 0.001) and the controls (11.2 +/- 6.7 units/l, p less than 0.001). Among the stroke patients, we found a significantly higher lactate dehydrogenase concentration in those with cortical strokes (n = 12, 50 +/- 12.3 units/l) than in those with lacunar white matter infarcts (n = 5, 26.4 +/- 6.5 units/l; p less than 0.001) and those with basal ganglia infarcts (n = 8, 36.37 +/- 11.7 units/l; p less than 0.05). Our study offers a supplementary examination for diagnosing cortical or subcortical infarction during the early stage of the event, with the possibility of distinguishing precisely stroke from transient ischemic attack during the first hours after onset of the event.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

McArdle disease in a Druze family.

McArdle disease is reported in three generations of a consanguineous Druze family. The diagnosis was established on the basis of a failure of a rise in lactate in the ischemic forearm exercise test, glycogen accumulation in muscle fibers and the lack of myophosphorylase by histochemical and biochemical studies. The inheritance pattern is compatible with an autosomal recessive mode. Examination of family members revealed a marked variability in the clinical findings and functional status. This is the first reported case of the disorder in this ethnic group.

Adult↗