Demarcation of antigen preparations on object slides in the immunofluorescent antibody test.
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Antigens↗
Biomedical subjects
I Rantala
Publications and source records attributed to I Rantala.
Glomerulonephritis induced by high doses of ovalbumin. Studies by electron microscopy, immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy.
Experimental glomerulonephritis was produced in 16 rabbits by intravenous injections of ovalbumin in high doses (0.1 g/day during the first week, 0.2 g x 6/day during the second). The animals were killed on day 14. At that time all animals had 2--4+ proteinuria and a serum C3 level reduced to about 50% of the control level; 11 animals had a significantly raised blood urea level. In all rabbits the antigen had induced severe proliferative glomerulonephritis. Electron microscopy showed that many of the cells accounting for the hypercellularity were monocytes. Surprisingly, electron dense deposits were few and small, mainly on the subendothelial and subepithelial aspects of the glomerular basement membrane. In all the animals ultrastructural immunoperoxidase technique revealed deposits containing ovalbumin, rabbit IgG and C3. With immunofluorescence sparse deposits were occasionally seen. It is concluded that a severe experimental glomerulonephritis can be produced in a state of antigen excess, with the deposition of immune complexes being minimal. Immuno-electron microscopy is essential, however, in detecting even the smallest animals of deposited immune reactants.
Animals↗
Rapid processing of renal glomeruli for electron microscopy.
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Animals↗
Aspiration biopsy of the kidney with a new fine needle: a way to obtain glomeruli for morphological study.
An improved fine needle is described for aspiration of kidney glomeruli. The needle, with a sharp inner edge 0.43 mm in diameter, is less traumatic than ordinary percutaneous kidney biopsy needles. Electron microscopy of specimens aspirated from kidneys of normal rabbits showed well-preserved glomeruli. Twenty-two of twenty-six specimens obtained from human kidneys by fine-needle aspiration contained glomeruli. Electron microscopic study of specimens aspirated from 12 patients showed that the needle provides adequate tissue for the diagnosis of diffuse glomerular diseases. The use of the fine needle widens the scope for studying the relation between glomerular fine structure and renal symptoms in many conditions in which conventional methods would not be justified.
Animals↗
Clinical application of renal aspiration biopsy with a modified fine needle.
Electron microscopic study of solitary glomeruli obtained by aspiration with a modified fine needle is of clinical value in the diagnosis of various renal diseases. The small size of the needle makes it less traumatic than an ordinary percutaneous biopsy needle and therefore suitable for use in situations where a conventional biopsy is for some reason considered undesirable.
Basement Membrane↗
Response of synovial immunocytes to intra-articular agents in experimental arthritis.
In rabbits with immune arthritis the numbers of lymphoid aggregates and pyroninophilic and non-pyroninophilic cells per unit area of synovium were calculated from sections taken at various intervals after intra-articular drug injections. A model of immune arthritis based on the results is presented. In the active phase of the arthritis, plasma cells, plasmablasts and lymphoid aggregates proliferate, while the number of lymphocytes decreases. In the inactive phase after treatment, the cell pattern is the reverse. The ratio of pyroninophilic to non-pyroninophilic cells proved to be a good measure of the activity of the arthritis. A favourable therapeutic effect was achieved with triamcinolone hexacetonide and combined steroid-osmic acid, but not with osmic acid alone.
Animals↗
Low apoptotic activity in primary prostate carcinomas without response to hormonal therapy.
Proliferative and apoptotic activities, as well as p53 protein expression, of ten untreated primary prostate carcinomas that showed extremely poor response to hormonal therapy (primary androgen independent prostate carcinomas) were compared with the stage- and grade-matched primary tumor specimens with favorable response to hormonal therapy (androgen dependent prostate carcinomas). The mean proliferative activity measured by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was slightly higher in the primary androgen independent prostate carcinomas (8.70+/-5.24) than in the androgen dependent prostate carcinomas (7.09+/-2.68; p=0.27). The mean apoptotic activity by in situ end-labeling technique in the primary androgen independent prostate carcinomas (0.96+/-1.03) was less than half of that in the androgen dependent prostate carcinomas (2.75+/-0.98; p=0.0001). Ten percent of the androgen dependent prostate tumors showed p53 protein expression, whereas 30% of the primary androgen independent prostate tumors were immunopositive for p53 (p=0.30). In summary, we have shown that apoptotic activity in the primary androgen independent prostate carcinomas is significantly lower than in the matched androgen dependent prostate carcinomas while the proliferative activity remains unaffected. These results suggest that primary androgen independent prostate carcinomas may have genetic properties, such as inactivation of the p53 gene, that enable them to escape apoptosis caused by androgen ablation.
Aged↗
Clinical course and treatment of IgA nephropathy.
Impairment of renal function, severe proteinuria and arterial hypertension are the strongest clinical predictors of an unfavorable outcome in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis are the most reliable histologic prognostic markers. Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance probably affect the clinical course of the disease. Among the known gene polymorphism it seems that there is a link between the ACE gene D allele and the progression of IgAN. Elevated blood pressure should be actively treated. The target blood pressure is 130/80 mmHg or less and the goal should also be to reduce proteinuria. Several large-scale trials are currently testing corticosteroids and other drugs in the treatment of IgAN.
Disease Progression↗