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Biomedical subjects

I Miyazaki

Publications and source records attributed to I Miyazaki.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Flow cytometric analysis in colorectal cancer with hepatic metastases and its relationship to metastatic characteristics and prognosis].

Nuclear DNA ploidy studies were performed by flow cytometry on extracted nuclei from 65 heptic metastases from colorectal cancer. In 25 patients, both primary and metastatic lesions were available for analysis. Primary carcinomas were DNA diploid pattern in 48.1%, DNA aneuploid in 51.9%. Of 31 hepatic metastases, 11 (35.5%) metastases showed a DNA diploid pattern, and 25 (64.5%) showed a DNA aneuploid pattern. Ploidy pattern was constant between primary and metastases in 80% of tumors. No significant relationship between metastatic characteristics and DNA ploidy pattern was found. The DNA aneuploid cancers had a relatively poorer prognosis in patients with unresectable hepatic metastasis. In resected hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer, rate of hepatic recurrence with DNA diploid pattern was lower than that with DNA aneuploid pattern. Survival of patients with DNA diploid metastases (71% alive at 5 years) was significantly better than that of patients with DNA aneuploid metastases (21% alive at 5 years) (p less than 0.05). These results demonstrated that flow cytometric DNA ploidy measurements may have prognostic value for patients with hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1990

[Malignancy in gastric cancer, with special reference to the distribution of BrdU-labelled cells].

Analysis of the distribution of BrdU-labelled cells was performed on 50 gastric cancers and the results correlated with histologic findings and DNA ploidy patterns. Patients were administered a intravenous infusion of 1g BrdU 1 hour before laparotomy. The resected specimen was fixed in 70% ethanol, embedded in paraffin, and cut into thin sections. The sections were stained by ABC method. The BrdU labelling index (LI) was calculated by counting 1000 tumor cells in superficial, internal and deep layers, respectively. DNA ploidy was analyzed using flow cytometry. The mean of BrdU LI of superficial layer was 19.6%, which was significantly higher than that of internal layer and deep layer. The distribution patterns were classified into three types (labelling types) as follows: Superficial type, BrdU LI of superficial or internal layer was higher than that of deep layer; deep type, BrdU LI of deep layer was higher than that of superficial or internal layer; diffuse type, BrdU LI of each layer was equal. Thirty of 50 cases were superficial type. But in diffuse type (13 cases), incidence of lymph node metastasis, vessel invasion, larger than 4 cm in tumor size, differentiated type and aneuploid were significantly higher than those in superficial type.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1990

[A study on 29 patients with cancers of the gastric remnant--a speculation on a remnant cancer-promoting factor from the aspect of tumor location].

We reviewed 29 patients who developed carcinomas of the gastric remnant more than 10 years after the initial gastrectomy. The median age was 59 years (29-75), with a male-to-female ratio of 3.8:1. The reason for previous operation was stomach ulcer in 16 patients, chronic gastritis in 2, stomach polyp in 2, duodenal ulcer in 5 and stomach cancer in 4 patients. Regarding the type of the original operations, Billroth's operation I (B-I) was performed for 10 patients, Billroth's II (B-II) for 18 and Roux-en Y operation for one. The site of tumor was classified into three groups, stoma (gastroenterostomy), stump (gastric cut-end except stoma) and others (the site except stoma and stump). The patients reconstructed with B-II developed significantly more carcinomas in the stoma than those reconstructed with B-I, with the incidence of 10/18 and 0/10, respectively (p less than 0.05). The interval between the initial operation and the second one was significantly longer in patients with stomal cancer than in those with stump cancer (p less than 0.05). There were no significant difference in the frequency and degree of histologic change, such as intestinal metaplasia or glandular cystification in noncancerous areas, between the B-I and B-II patients. This study suggested that cancers of the gastric remnant, especially those developed in the stoma after B-II were different from the other remnant cancers in terms of carcinogenesis or cancer promotion, and that they were probably induced by duodenogastric reflux to the gastrojejunostomized area.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Proliferative activity as a marker for lymph node metastases on early gastric cancers--in vitro bromodeoxyuridine labeling for clinical use].

We estimated the clinical significance of the DNA ploidy pattern and S-phase fraction (SPF) with in vivo administration of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and flow cytometry on 61 early gastric cancers. Aneuploid tumors or tumors with high SPF had high incidence of lymph node metastases than diploid tumors or tumors with low SPF, respectively. Thirty cases of human gastric cancers were examined with both in vivo and in vitro labeling of BrdU. In early gastric cancers, DNA ploidy pattern was same in 11 cases out of 13 cases and SPF was correlated with in vivo and in vitro (p less than 0.01). However, in advanced gastric cancers, DNA ploidy pattern was same in only 3 cases out of 17 cases and SPF was not correlated with in vivo and in vitro. The reasons for no correlation with in vivo and in vitro was reduced to the existence of DNA ploidy heterogeneity which was observed 22.2% and 70.6% in early and advanced cancers, respectively. From the results, we considered that DNA ploidy pattern and SPF were useful marker for lymph node metastases and the preoperative in vitro BrdU labeling method was useful for the marker of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancers.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1990

[Changes in arterial thromboxane B2 and 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1 alpha levels in cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients after hepatectomy].

Following hepatectomy, arterial concentrations of thromboxane B2(TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha), which are stable metabolites of thromboxane A2(TXA2) and prostaglandin I2(PGI2), were measured by radioimmunoassay in 17 cirrhotic and 9 non-cirrhotic patients to assess the role of TXB2 and PGI2 in patients with liver dysfunction during hepatectomy. In both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients, arterial TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels significantly increased during hepatectomy and decreased to preoperative levels at the 1st postoperative day (1-POD). The TXB2/6-keto-PGF1 alpha ratio significantly decreased during hepatectomy and at 1-POD. There were no significant differences in changes of TXB2 and PGI2 levels between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. In cirrhotic patients with poor hepatic reserve, whose ICG K values were less than 0.08, arterial 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were significantly higher and the ratio were significantly lower than in cirrhotic patients with good hepatic reserve and non-cirrhotic patients before and after operation. Based on these results, it is concluded that the TXA2/PGI2 ratio becomes low after hepatectomy and the ratio is lower in cirrhotic patients with poor hepatic reserve.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1990

[Metastasis and its relation to cell kinetics in human colorectal cancers].

The difference of the cell kinetics between primary tumor and its metastasis was studied on six cases of human colorectal cancers (four cases at synchronous liver metastases and two metachronous) with migration chase method using flow cytometry in vivo. The bromodeoxyuridine labeling indices (LI), DNA synthesis time (Ts), and generation time (Tg) were measured in normal colonic mucosae, primary tumors, lymph node metastases, and liver metastases. The LI, Ts, and Tg were 4.9 +/- 2.2%, 11.6 +/- 1.4 hours, and 11.3 +/- 3.7 days, respectively, in normal mucosa. In cancer, they were 13.9 +/- 7.1%, 16.9 +/- 4.8 hours, and 6.0 +/- 2.5 days, respectively. LI was higher and Ts was longer in cancer than in normal mucosa. Tg was shorter in cancer than in normal mucosa. In lymph node metastases, LI, Ts, and Tg were 12.0 +/- 4.5%, 14.4 +/- 6.0 hours and 5.0 +/- 0.5 days, respectively. Ts was faster in lymph node metastases than in primary tumors. In liver metastases, they were 30.1 +/- 18.1%, 28.0 +/- 10.2 hours, and 4.8 +/- 2.1 days, respectively. LI was higher and Ts was longer in liver metastases than in primary tumors. In both metastatic lesions, Tg was shorter than in primary tumors. The proliferation rate correlated with LI/DNA index significantly (r = 0.7868, p less than 0.00001). From the results, it was revealed that the proliferation rate was higher in metastatic lesions than primary tumors in vivo. The application of this method for clinical and experimental use would be expected.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1990

[A multivariate analysis of en bloc extended radical mastectomy versus conventional radical mastectomy in operable breast cancer].

We made clinical trials of en bloc extended radical mastectomy (EXT) of a new type in 118 patients from 1980 through 1985. Conventional radical mastectomies (RDL) were also performed in 105 patients from 1973 through 1985. A multivariate analysis was performed to compare the results of EXT and RDL. As the result, the 5-year survival rates of 91 +/- 2.6% and 83 +/- 3.7% were achieved for the EXT and RDL groups, respectively (Cox P value for comparison of survival curves = 0.16). Adjusted Cox regression analysis revealed a significantly favorable result of EXT (P = 0.03). This difference was most remarkable in patients with one to three metastatic axillary lymph nodes, although it was not statistically significant because of too small number of patients available (P = 0.18). The results are thus not definite, but suggest that EXT may be advantageous over RDL especially in patients with a few metastatic axillary lymph nodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Proliferative activity of early gastric cancer measured by in vitro and in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling.

Forty seven patients with early gastric cancer received a 30-minute intravenous injection of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), 1000 mg each 1 hour before laparotomy, to label tumor cells in the S phase. In 13 of 47 patients, specimens obtained by endoscopic biopsy were cultured in vitro at 37 degrees C for 1 hour under three times the atmospheric pressure in a vial with 400 microM BrdU. Labeled cells were detected in the resected specimen and the cultured specimen by immunohistochemical staining procedure. The BrdU labeling index (LI, defined as the percentage of labeled cells in relation to the 1000 tumor cells) was calculated for each specimen. All patients without lymph node metastasis had an in vivo BrdU LI of less than 12%. In contrast, 31% of patients with early gastric cancer with an in vivo BrdU LI greater than 12% had lymph node metastasis. There was a correlation between the in vivo and the in vitro LI. Therefore, the in vitro BrdU LI of specimens obtained by endoscopic biopsy may be a useful indicator of lymph node status in patients with individual early gastric cancers before operations. If the in vitro BrdU LI is less than 12% lymph node dissection may not be necessary.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1989

Retinal detachment with breaks in the pars plicata of the ciliary body.

We studied four eyes with retinal detachment accompanied by a break in the nonpigmented epithelium in the pars plicata of the ciliary body in three patients with atopic dermatitis. Each eye had either ectopia lentis or coloboma of the lens. In the region of the lens malformation, ciliary processes were hypoplastic. These rudimentary ciliary processes were observed only in the anterior half of the pars plicata. At their posterior end, the ciliary nonpigmented epithelium had been ruptured and a break by zonular traction was apparent. In the other region of the pars plicata, ciliary processes were normal and no break was detected. The break in the pars plicata was treated by diathermy application and segmental scleral buckling, without subretinal fluid drainage, and with the resulting reattachment of the retina. Hypoplasia of ciliary processes is basically responsible for the development of a break in the pars plicata.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical study of epidermal growth factor and epidermal growth factor receptor in gastric carcinoma.

Immunohistochemical study for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was performed on 222 specimens of gastric carcinoma. The authors placed each carcinoma into one of the following three groups: group 1, neither EGF nor EGFR was stained (123 cases); group 2, either EGF or EGFR was stained (64 cases); and group 3, both EGF and EGFR were stained (35 cases). Compared with the carcinomas in groups 1 and 2, those in group 3 had significantly higher rates of infiltrative gross type, microscopically infiltrative type, poorly differentiated type, scirrhous type, and deep invading type. These results suggest that carcinomas in group 3 may have more proliferative and invasive activity and thus may have an autocrine mechanism, that is, the ability of cancer cells to produce and respond to their own growth factor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Gastric cancer heterogeneity.

This study was carried out on 222 samples from 37 gastric carcinomas to assess the incidence of multiple stem lines in primary tumors and metastasis as reflected by multiple DNA stem lines and their relationship to epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor expression, histologic grade, tumor size, and degree of wall infiltration. Fifteen primary tumors (40.5%) were homogeneously diploid/peridiploid whereas 22 (59.5%) were aneuploid. In the lymph node metastasis, seven patients (29.2%) had an homogeneous diploid/peridiploid pattern in all metastatic lymph nodes. On the other hand, 17 (70.8%) had at least one aneuploid peak in the lymph node metastasis. DNA content heterogeneity was seen in 12 (33%) of primary tumors whereas 14 (66.6%) of 21 patients had multiple cell clones in the metastasis. Therefore, 12 patients had a metastatic clone which was not observed in the primary tumor. DNA content heterogeneity was seen even in tumors with submucosal invasion suggesting that this phenomenon is also present at earlier stages. No correlation between the histologic grade and the DNA distribution was observed. Furthermore, histologic heterogeneity was independent of DNA content heterogeneity. The EGF receptor expression was observed in six of the 23 patients in whom this analysis was done. The EGF receptor expression was constant in all samples which were studied and even samples with a different DNA content and histologic grade were stables for the EGF receptor expression.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Correlation of DNA ploidy and clinical outcome in Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinoma.

The correlation between DNA ploidy pattern and clinical outcome was studied in 76 patients with Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinomas. Twenty-six tumors were diploid, and 50 tumors were aneuploid. There was no correlation among DNA ploidy and histologic type, lymph-node status, wall invasion, or clinical stage. The incidence of vascular invasion in the aneuploid tumors was significantly higher than that in the diploid tumors. Five year survival was achieved in 28% of the patients with diploid tumors and 8% of those with aneuploid tumors, respectively. Among the patients undergoing curative resection, 5 year survival rate was 54% in the patients with diploid tumors compared to 28% with aneuploid tumors. There was a significant survival advantage in patients with diploid tumors. These results indicate that DNA ploidy might be an important prognostic factor in Borrmann type 4 gastric carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The significance of regional lymph node dissection in the surgical management of breast cancer.

The results of an analysis done on the regional lymph node metastases of 300 patients with operable breast cancer, who were treated in the Department of Surgery (II), Kanazawa University Hospital from 1973 to early 1988 are reported herein. It was found that the metastases of the axillary and internal mammary lymph nodes were closely related to the survival of patients, but they were hardly diagnosed before the operation. Only the dissection of these lymph nodes proved useful for providing the prognostic information. Moreover, in a retrospective study comparing the en bloc extended radical mastectomy versus the other types of mastectomy, the extended radical mastectomy was seen to greatly improve the survival of patients with 3 or less than 3 metastatic axillary lymph nodes. Thus, the extended radical mastectomy provides the maximum diagnostic and prognostic information, and gives the best chance of loco-regional control of the disease. The anterior chest deformity created by the extended radical mastectomy, however, should be avoided in those patients without internal mammary involvement. We therefore propose the modified extended mastectomy as a staging operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The spread and prognosis of carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head.

Tumor infiltration and prognosis were studied in 73 patients who underwent surgery for carcinoma in the region of the pancreatic head, in order to evaluate the grade of malignancy of pancreatic cancer. Twenty three patients had carcinoma of the head of the pancreas, 16 had carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct and 34 had carcinoma of the papilla of Vater. It was found that the prognosis in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was not related to tumor size, but to lymph node metastasis and the pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion of the tumor. The poorer prognosis seen in carcinoma of the head of the pancreas could be attributed to the fact that lymph node metastasis and invasion of the pancreatic capsule or nerve plexus occurred much more frequently in this carcinoma than in carcinoma of the other two areas. The 5-year survival rate of the patients with carcinoma of the head of the pancreas was 12.5 per cent, this being significantly lower than that of the patients with either carcinoma of the papilla of Vater (50.0 per cent) or carcinoma of the intrapancreatic bile duct (44.4 per cent). These findings suggest that lymph node metastasis and pancreatic capsular or perineural invasion closely correlate with the prognosis of patients with pancreatic carcinoma.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1989

Human chorionic gonadotropin in colorectal cancer and its relationship to prognosis.

The presence of human chorionic gonadotropin in large bowel cancers was studied immunohistochemically using an immunoperoxidase technique. HCG-positive tumour cells were present in 42 of 194 adenocarcinomas examined (22.0% of colon cancer and 21.2% of rectal cancers). On histological grading, the hCG-positive rate tended to rise as the degree of differentiation decreased. HCG was detected more frequently in cancers invading the total bowel wall (27%) than in those invading the partial wall (17.1%). Lymph node, liver or peritoneal metastases were present more frequently in hCG-positive tumours than in hCG-negative tumours. Furthermore, there was an intimate correlation between the presence of hCG-positive tumour cells and CEA doubling times in nine cases with untreated liver metastasis. The survival rate for patients with tissue hCG-positive cells was lower than for those with hCG-negative tumours. Thus, the presence of tissue hCG in colorectal cancers may be a biological marker of prognostic significance.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Epidermal growth factor receptor status and S-phase fractions in gastric carcinoma.

The correlation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor expression and clinicopathologic findings were studied in 242 gastric carcinomas. They were stained for EGF receptor by means of an immunohistochemical technique using a monoclonal antibody against the receptor. S-Phase fractions were measured by in vivo bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling and indirect immunohistochemical staining using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. In normal gastric epithelium, EGF receptor immunoreactivity could not be found. EGF receptor was found in 76 (31.4%) of 242 gastric carcinomas. Diffusely infiltrating types of carcinomas were more likely than localized tumors to be EGF receptor-positive. In addition, EGF receptor-positive tumors had significantly higher values of BrdU labeling indices than EGF receptor-negative tumors. The patients with EGF receptor-positive carcinomas also had a poorer prognosis than did negative cases. These results suggested that EGF receptor-positive tumors may have higher proliferative activity and local extension may progress more rapidly, and also seem to show that EGF receptor status may possibly be a useful prognostic marker for gastric carcinomas.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1989

[Bromodeoxyuridine labeling index in gastric cancer].

In vivo and in vitro BrdU labeling index (L.I.) were calculated in 97 and 11 gastric cancers, respectively. Biopsied specimens by means of endoscopy were used in vitro method. A comparison of the in vitro and in vivo L.I. showed good correlation (p less than 0.01). Gastric cancer with lymph node metastasis had a significantly higher median in vivo L.I. of 16.2% as compared with a median in vivo L.I. of 13.3% in gastric cancer without lymph node metastasis (p less than 0.05). An in vivo L.I. of gastric cancer with vessel invasion was significantly higher than that without vessel invasion (p less than 0.05). Early gastric cancer with an in vivo L.I. of less than 12% had no lymph node metastasis. On the contrary, 31% in that with an in vivo L.I. of greater than 12% had lymph node metastasis. The in vitro L.I. which was similar to the in vivo L.I. may be useful to decide operative procedure in gastric cancer, specially in early gastric cancer.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗