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Biomedical subjects

I I Dedov

Publications and source records attributed to I I Dedov.

215 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of magnetic resonance tomography in the diagnosis of an "empty" sella turcica].

A total of 110 patients were examined using magnetic-resonance (MR) tomography of the brain and a special MR myelographic method. An 'empty' sella turcica was diagnosed in 29% of cases. MR tomographic criteria permitting the diagnosis of this condition were defined: a crescent-shaped hypophysis, presence of a low-intensive signal area with a glow phenomenon on MR myelogram, this area being localized intrasellarly. Different clinical variants of the empty sella turcica syndrome are demonstrated, including variants resultant from substitution therapy of thyroid hypofunction, from dopamine agonist therapy for hyperprolactinemic hypogonadism, from radiotherapy of hypophyseal adenoma. Hence, the studies have demonstrated a high efficacy of MR tomography in the diagnosis of empty sella turcica and in dynamic monitoring of patients with various hypothalamohypophyseal dysfunctions over the course of therapy.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Parameters of thyroid status in children and adolescents living in one of the Kaluga regions contaminated with radionuclides].

Thyroid status was examined in 1214 children living in the Ulyanov district of the Kaluga region contaminated with radionuclides. Thyroid size and structure were assessed using ultrasonic examination, its function was characterized based on thyrotropin and free thyroxin measurements. Specific autoimmunity was evaluated from assays of antibodies to microsomal antigen and thyroglobulin. The resultant values were assessed with due consideration for the individual dose of 131I absorbed by the thyroid. Thyroid enlargement was detected in 21.2%, nodular goiter in 0.79% of the examinees. A reliable positive correlation was found between the degree of thyroid enlargement and 131I absorbed dose. Functional parameters (thyrotropin and free thyroxin) were within the normal range, no correlation was detected between hormonal parameters, thyroid size, and 131I absorbed dose. Antibodies to microsomal antigen were detected in 4.3%, to thyroglobulin in 7.2%, to both in 2.8% of the examinees, this being within the normal range in the population; but a relationship was detected between antibody production and absorbed dose of 131I. Hence, though no noticeable changes in the thyroid status were detected 5 years after the accident in the population examined, the revealed correlations between thyroid enlargement, presence of antithyroid antibodies, and 131I dose may be indicative of a possible growth of thyroid morbidity.

Accidents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of azathioprine on immunologic parameters in patients with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Azathioprine immunosuppressive therapy prolongs remissions and stimulates residual beta-cell function, suppresses insulin antibody production, reduces the activity of the complement and CH50 components, reduces initially increased cellular immunity parameters (total T and B cell counts, T helper to T inductor ratio, and the count of DR carrier cells) in patients with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; this makes this drug effective at the first stages of the disease. When selecting patients for immunosuppressive therapy the following immunity parameters should be examined: complement status, total counts of T and B lymphocytes, T-helper-inductor/T-suppressor-cytotoxic immunoregulation index, DR carrier cell counts. Reduced levels thereof are a contraindication against immunosuppressant therapy. Male patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus debut at the age of over 25 are particularly susceptible to immunosuppressive therapy with azathioprine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hyperlipidemia as a factor in the development and progress of diabetic nephropathy].

Twenty-nine patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with similarly manifest renal involvement were examined to elucidate the role of dyslipidemia in diabetic nephropathy progress. Clinico-laboratory parameters (urinary albumin excretion, blood serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low, very low, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol) and morphologic changes in renal tissue biopsy specimens were analyzed. An increment of the number of large lipid incorporations was observed in various cells of renal glomeruli and interstitium, as well as a high prevalence of low density lipoprotein deposition in glomerular basal membranes and canaliculi as the renal process augmented in severity. Since lipids accumulating in glomerular structures may stimulate mesangial cell proliferation and mesangial matrix hyperproduction, the authors believe that dyslipidemia in diabetes mellitus may be conducive to a more rapid progress of renal disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cellular immunity in patients with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Twenty-five diabetics with insulin-dependent condition were examined at the debut of the disease before insulin therapy, as were 10 healthy donors. Under study were relative and absolute counts of T lymphocytes, NK cells, B lymphocytes, DR-T lymphocytes, Th, Ts, and Th/Ts index. Patients' and donors' sera were tested for autoantibodies to P64-69kD antigenic complex. Characteristic features of cellular immunity of patients with newly-detected diabetes were disclosed. Counts of B lymphocytes and Dr-T lymphocytes were increased in all patients. A relationship was revealed between immunoregulatory Th/Ts index and clinical features of insulin-dependent diabetes. Autoantibodies to p64-68 kD andigenic complex were detected in 63-88% of patients with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Autoantibodies to glutamate decarboxylase in children with newly detected insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) is considered as target antigen in pancreatic beta cell autoimmunity. Two isoforms of GAD (islet and brain GAD) were detected recently. In circulation of approximately 80% of recently detected patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) autoantibodies to brain GAD (bGAD) have been demonstrated. To detect autoantibodies to bGAD blood sera of 48 children aged 1 to 14, 36 of these with newly diagnosed IDDM, 2 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 10 healthy controls, were tested. Indirect immunofluorescent staining of rat cerebellum cryoslices was carried out. The results were assessed using fluorescent microscopy and processed by statistical methods. Autoantibodies to bGAD were found in 30 out of 36 patients with IDDM: 83.3 +/- 12.4% (p = 95%), in 1 with IGT, and in none of controls. The fact that all controls were antibody-negative proves a high specificity of this immunological marker of IDDM. Family history or a younger age by the moment of diabetes onset were conductive to a higher prevalence of autoantibodies to GAD, each of these factors being unrelated to the other.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Efficacy of repeated courses of hyperbaric oxygenation in treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Repeated courses of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) were administered to 39 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) aged 28.2 +/- 11.3 years on an average and mean diabetes duration 5.7 +/- 0.5 years without body mass excess, administered insulin in daily dose 35.5 +/- 10.1. Control group consisted of 8 IDDM patients matched for clinical parameters and administered no treatment. Daily glucosuria, glycemia, HbA1, blood levels of e-peptide, glucagon, STH, and hydrocortisone were measured in the test group and controls before and after HBO course and every 2 months of a years's follow-up. Repeated courses of HBO administered to IDDM patients during a year are much more effective than a single course as regards diabetes compensation, reduction of insulin consumption, recovery of residual insulin secretion, and suppression of secretion of contrinsular hormones glucagon, STH, and hydrocortisone. Three courses of HBO therapy administered to IDDM patients at 4 months intervals are more effective than two courses with a 6 month interval; at the same time, in a three course modality the maximal positive effect of HBO on the hormonal metabolic status is attained during the second course, and the third course just fortifies the attained effect.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Optimal frequency of hyperbaric oxygenation courses in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus].

Repeated courses of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are much more effective than a single course as regards their favorable influence on carbohydrate metabolism and hormonal and metabolic parameters (recovery of residual insulin secretion and suppression of secretion of contra-insulin hormones). Three courses of HBO administered to NIDDM patients at 4 months intervals are more effective than two courses at 6 months interval; at the same time during a three-course modality the maximal favorable HBO effect on the hormonal and metabolic status is attained after the second course, and the third one only fortifies the attained favorable effect.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Myocardial function in patients with type I diabetes mellitus].

Myocardial contractility was examined in patients with type I diabetes mellitus without coronary disease by selective tolerance test with transesophageal heart stimulation using doppler cardiography. Nineteen diabetics aged 17 to 36 with the disease duration from 0 to 20 years were examined. Maximal ejection time before and after the test was assessed. The findings indicate impaired myocardial contractility in the examinees, though clinical signs of manifest circulation insufficiency were undetectable in all the patients. The authors come to a conclusion on the significance of diabetes duration and severity in development of myocardial injury.

Adolescent↗