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Biomedical subjects

I Honjo

Publications and source records attributed to I Honjo.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Role of Passavant's ridge in cleft palate speech.

In order to reevaluate the role of Passavant's ridge, 10 adult cleft palate patients with a marked ridge were examined by a radiographic and cineradiographic method. Following results were obtained: 1. Height of the ridge varies with the vowels. 2. Height of the ridge in consonant syllable phonation is not related to velopharyngeal closure required for each consonat but to the succeeding vowels. 3. Tongue position for vowel phonation has a great effect on the appearance of the ridge. In conclusion, formation of Passavant's ridge is not associated with the degree of velopharyngeal closure necessary for the specific speech sound, but it closely related to the tongue position for vowel production. Thus the significance of Passavant's ridge in cleft palate speech remains quite doubtful.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Glucose intolerance after massive liver resection in man and other mammals.

The relationship between changes in glucose tolerance and in mitochondrial phosphorylative activity was studied after massive liver resection. In rabbits twenty-four hours after hepatectomy, when the phosphorylative activity in the mitochondria of the remnant liver was enhanced maximally, the blood glucose level did not increase significantly after glucose administration. Forty-eight hours after hepatectomy, when the phosphorylative activity decreased to a submaximal level, the blood glucose level increased gradually but without a return toward normal. About six weeks after partial hepatectomy, mitochondrial function returned gradually to normal levels and the glucose tolerance test results returned to within normal limits. Considering the previous report that an enhancement of mitochondrial phosphorylative activity is required for a later increase in nuclear DNA synthesis, it was suggested that the plateau pattern, with hypoglycemia, and the gradual increase, with a prolonged return toward normal, in the glucose tolerance test are indicative or marked enhancement of mitochondrial phosphorylative activity preceding an increase in nuclear DNA synthesis. The changes in the glucose tolerance test results in hepatectomized rabbits also were observed in rats and in man; however, they were more rapid in rats and slower in man. From these results it was suggested that the glucose tolerance test is very useful in the evaluation of the stage of regeneration in the liver remnant after massive liver resection.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1975

Ligation of a branch of the portal vein for carcinoma of the liver.

Portal branch ligation, a new surgical treatment for unresectable carcinoma of the liver, was performed in twenty patients. All the patients tolerated the procedure, and morbidity and mortality were minimal, even in patients in poor general condition. The responses to ligation differed considerably, but significant palliation was attained in some patients and one survived six years. The effect of portal branch ligation on the tumor appears to be closely related to the degree of tumor vascularity, tumor malignancy, and portal circulatory disturbances such as cirrhosis, portal hypertension, or portal thrombosis. We believe that the present procedure can be recommended for clinical application in some patients with unresectable carcinoma of the liver.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1975

Control of phosphorylative activity in human liver mitochondria through changes in respiratory enzyme contents.

1. Oxidative phosphorylation and respiratory enzyme activities were measured in the mitochondria from the non-involved lobe of the liver in eighteen patients with massive tumour mainly localized to one lobe and from the regenerating livers of partially hepatectomized rats treated with chloramphenicol. 2. In patients, the concentrations of cytochrome a(t) varied from 40 to 170 pmol/mg of protein. In mitochondria with cytochrome a(t) concentrations more than 70 pmol/mg of protein, the phosphorylative activity per mg of mitochondrial protein was considerably higher than in controls. The mitochondrial oxidative and phosphorylative activities per unit of cytochrome a(t) were negatively correlated with the concentration of cytochrome a(t). These patients with mitochondrial cytochrome a(t) exceeding 70 pmol/mg of protein tolerated partial hepatectomy well. On the other hand, in patients with mitochondrial cytochrome a(t) less than 60 pmol/mg of protein, phosphorylative activity was very low and there was a high surgical mortality. 3. In the regenerating liver of rats treated with chloramphenicol, the oxidative and phosphorylative activities per unit of cytochrome a(t) were negatively correlated with the concentration of cytochrome a(t). 4. It is suggested that an increase in ATP-synthesizing activity per unit of respiratory assemblies is the most basic homeostatic mechanism maintaining energy production in response to an increased metabolic load upon hepatic cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Appraisal of arteriography for assessment of operability in periampullary cancer.

The preoperative arteriograms in 87 periampullary cancers were analyzed in relation to the extension of tumor as explored in surgery, the resectability and the survival time. Most of the patients in whom the pancreaticoduodenal arcades were intact (Group I-O) showed no extension of the lesion into the surroundings and survived more than two years after pancreatoduodenectomy. Those in which the invasion was confined to the anterior pancreaticoduodenal arcade (Group I-A) could also be resected with much anticipation of long survival. About a third of the patients, in whom either the posterior arcade (Group I-P) or both anterior and posterior arcades were invaded (Group I-AP), were resectable. Only a few patients with the involved gastroduodenal artery (Group 2-A) or with the involved superior mesenteric artery (Group 2-P) were treated by extended pancreatoduodenectomy, but they died of recurrence shortly after resection. Further extension of the lesion was explored in surgery when preoperative angiography showed invasion of both the gastroduodenal and superior mesenteric arteries (Group 2-AP) or of the extrapancreatic vessels such as the hepatic artery (Group 3-C), intestinal arteries (Group 3-M) and both (Group 3-CM). Survival in these cases was only a few months after by-pass operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Hemodynamic changes in the liver of the rabbit after hepatic dearterialization.

Quantitative determination of the development of collateral arteries and change in portal flow after an 80 per cent dearterialization of the liver of the rabbit was carried out with radioactive microsphere technique. The livers operated upon were classified macroscopically into two type groups. In the recovery type, the dearterialized lobes reverted to the preoperative state. In the necrotic type, necrosis in the dearterialized lobe progressed, and the nonarterialized lobe was compensatively hypertrophied. The rate of rearterialization into the dearterialized lobe was different according to the type. In the recovery type, collateral arteries developed rapidly until the fourteenth postoperative day, when the arterial flow reached 55 per cent and, thereafter, increased gradually. In the necrotic type, rearterialization progressed more rapidly, and arterial flow exceeded the preoperative value in the third postoperative week and, thereafter, decreased. In the necrotic type, portal flow in the dearterialized lobe had been significantly impeded within 12 hours after the operation. The state of portal flow in the dearterialized lobe is, we believe, a more important factor for the prognosis after the hepatic dearterialization than the rate of rearterialization or oxygen concentration of portal blood. High activity of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase of more than 90 units per milliliter on the seventh postoperative day can be an indicator for the impeded portal flow in the dearterialized lobe.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1974

Role of insulin as a portal factor in maintaining the viability of liver.

The subcutaneous administration of insulin did not induce a significant effect on oxidative phosphorylation of the mitochondria from normal rat liver. However, in rats subjected to ligation of a branch of portal vein, the phosphorylative activity of the mitochondria from the ligated lobe deprived of portal blood fell rapidly and at 12 hours decreased to approximately 50% of nomal liver mitochondria. After the insulin administration, the phosphorylative activity of the mitochondria from ligated lobe was rapidly stimulated within 30 minutes, reached the maximal level of normal liver mitochondria at 2 hours (p < 0.005) and then fell to subnormal levels. The respiratory control ratio, state 3 respiration and P/O ratio remarkably increased in parallel with an increase of phosphorylative activity. The contents of respiratory enzymes making up ATP remained unchanged. Considering the previous report that a factor, which is capable of stimulating oxidative phosphorylation of the liver mitochondria, is present in portal blood, it is suggested that insulin may play an important role in the mechanism by which the portal blood controls mitochondrial metabolism.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗