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Biomedical subjects

I Hjermann

Publications and source records attributed to I Hjermann.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Effect of diet and smoking intervention on the incidence of coronary heart disease. Report from the Oslo Study Group of a randomised trial in healthy men.

16 202 men, aged 40-49 years, were screened for coronary risk factors, Of these, 1232 healthy, normotensive men at high risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) were selected for a 5-year randomised trial to show whether lowering of serum lipids and cessation of smoking could reduce the incidence of CHD. Men were admitted to the trial if they had serum cholesterol levels of 7.5-9.8 mmol/l (290-380) mg/dl), coronary risk scores (based on cholesterol levels, smoking habits, and blood pressure) in the upper quartile of the distribution, and systolic blood pressures below 150 mm Hg (mean of two measurements). The men in the intervention group were recommended to lower their blood lipids by change of diet and to stop smoking. Mean serum cholesterol concentrations were approximately 13% lower in the intervention group than in the control group during the trial (based on the difference between the mean of 3 prerandomisation values and the mean of yearly values during the trial). Mean fasting serum triglycerides fell by 20% in the intervention group compared with controls. 80% of the men in both groups smoked tobacco daily at the start of the study. The mean tobacco consumption per man decreased by 45% more in the intervention group than in the control group. However, only 25% of the smokers in the intervention group completely stopped smoking compared with 17% in the control group. Diagnosis of events of cardiovascular disease during the study was made blindly according to predefined criteria by two cardiologists not involved in the study. At the end of the observation period the incidence of myocardial infarction (fatal and non-fatal) and sudden death was 47% lower in the intervention group than in the controls (p = 0.028, two-tailed log rank test). When the incidence of strokes was added, the difference between the groups was still significant. It is concluded that in healthy middle-aged men at high risk of CHD advice to change eating habits and to stop smoking significantly reduced the incidence of the first event of myocardial infarction and sudden death. Statistical analysis, by Cox's proportional hazards model shows that the reduction in incidence in the intervention group is correlated with the reduction in total cholesterol and to a lesser extent with smoking reduction.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Intervention of smoking and eating habits in healthy men carrying high risk for coronary heart disease. The Oslo Study.

1232 healthy, normotensive, but coronary high risk men were selected for a 5-year randomized trial in order to show if lowering of serum lipids and cessation of smoking was followed by prevention of coronary heart disease. The men included in the trial had serum cholesterol between 7.5 mmol/l (290 mg/dl) and 9.8 mmol/l (380 mg/dl), coronary risk score (based on cholesterol, smoking and blood pressure) in the upper quartile of the distribution and systolic blood pressure less than 150 mm Hg. The men in the intervention group were recommended to stop smoking and to lower their blood lipids by dietary changes. On average, mean serum cholesterol concentration was 13 per cent lowered in the intervention group compared to the controls during the 5 years of the trial. Mean fasting serum triglycerides decreased by 20 per cent in the intervention group compared to the control group. Tobacco smoking was reduced about 50 per cent in the intervention group in relation to controls. (Eighty per cent of the men in both groups were daily cigarette smokers at the start of the study). Diagnoses of events of cardiovascular disease during the 5 years were made blindly by a diagnostic board not involved in the study, according to predefined criteria. At the end of the observation time the incidence of myocardial infarction (fatal and non-fatal) and sudden death was 47% lower in the intervention group than in the controls (p = 0.028, 2-sided test). It is concluded that in healthy, coronary high risk, middle-aged men, advice to change eating habits and to stop smoking, significantly reduces the incidence of a first event of myocardial infarction and sudden death.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hyperlipoproteinaemia and reduced fibrinolytic activity in healthy coronary high-risk men.

One hundred and four consecutive men from the non-symptomatic hyperlipoproteinaemic group of the Oslo Study were examined with regard to their fibrinolytic response to venous occlusion of the arm. Sixty-eight per cent showed reduced fibrinolytic activity as compared to 24% of 21 age-matched healthy coronary low-risk men. In the hyperlipoproteinaemic group, 55 individuals had been on a moderate lipid-lowering diet for about 3 years, whereas the other 49 had not (controls). The diet group showed a market tendency towards normalization of their lipoprotein patterns, but this was not significantly associated with normalization of the fibrinolytic activity. Out of 20 men with type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia, 95% showed reduced fibrinolytic activity. The association between hypertriglyceridaemia (type IV hyperlipoproteinaemia) and reduced fibrinolytic activity might possibly be explained by a reduced lipoprotein lipase activity in these individuals.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Physical activity at work and at leisure in relation to coronary risk factors and social class. A 4-year mortality follow-up. The Oslo study.

The association between physical activity at work and at leisure, coronary risk factors, social class and mortality has been studied in about 15000 Oslo men, aged 40-49, without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes at a screening examination for coronary risk factors. Four-year total and CHD mortality showed a decrease with increasing degree of leisure activity, and an increase with increasing work activity. The three conventional coronary risk factors--serum cholesterol, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and number of cigarettes--associated negatively with physical leisure activity, whereas they all associated positively with physical activity at work. Men in lower social classes were less active at leisure but more active at work than men in the higher classes. In a multivariate analysis of variance with coronary risk score (based on SBP, serum total cholesterol and number of cigarettes), social class and physical activity, the predictive power of physical leisure activity for future death was almost as good as the coronary risk score. Physical activity at work, on the other hand, was not an independent risk factor either for total or for CHD mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effect of propranolol and prazosin on blood lipids. The Oslo Study.

In 23 hypertensive men, aged 47-55, propranolol reduced serum high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol by 13% reduced the ratio of HDL to low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)+very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol by 15%, increased total triglycerides by 24%, and increased serum uric acid by 10%. Prazosin reduced total serum cholesterol by 9%, LDL+VLDL cholesterol by 10%, and total triglycerides by 16%. These changes are statistically highly significant. On combined treatment with propranolol and prazosin HDL cholesterol was still significantly reduced but changes in other blood lipids were small and insignificant. Uric acid remained elevated. When decisions about long-term therapy are made, such metabolic effects might be of special importance.

Cerebrovascular Disorders↗
PubMed1980

Four and two-thirds years incidence of coronary heart disease in middle-aged men: the Oslo study.

The association between four and two-thirds years incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and serum cholesterol, blood pressure (BP), height, body weight, cigarette smoking and physical activity at work and at leisure, was studied in 14,816 Oslo men, aged 40-49 years at entry to the study and free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Serum cholesterol is a stronger predictor for CHD than the other continuous factors studied in this cohort. The predictive power was only moderately increased by combining cholesterol, systolic BP and cigarette smoking. The risk ratio between men physically active and sedentary at leisure was 1:3. Only 35% of this difference could be explained by the other risk factors. The epidemiology of CHD in Oslo in relation to serum cholesterol and BP was found to be unchanged from that found in a previous study in Oslo.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Four-year mortality by some socioeconomic indicators: the Oslo study.

The association between four-year mortality and some socioeconomic indicators has been studied in al Oslo men aged 40--49, invited to a screening programme for cardiovascular disease, and in a 'healthy' subgroup of participating men free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes at screening. The lowest social class exhibited a much higher total mortality than the other classes. This was pronounced for a variety of causes of death, such as cancer of the lung, accidents and homicide, and coronary heart disease. The negative mortality gradient by increasing socioeconomic status can to a certain degree be 'explained' by the coronary risk factor pattern.

Achievement↗
PubMed1980

Serum insulin response to oral glucose load during a dietary intervention trial in healthy coronary high risk men: the Oslo study.

The effect of an ordinary lipid-lowering diet on serum insulin response to oral glucose load was investigated in a randomized, primary preventive trial of the Oslo Study of coronary heart disease in healthy high risk middle aged men. After 3 years intervention the treated group showed a significantly lower insulin response curve, a lower serum total cholesterol, a higher cholesterol ratio (defined as the ratio between high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density + very low density lipoprotein cholesterol), lower fasting triglycerides and lower relative body weight than the control group. Increased levels of serum insulin and elevated insulin response to oral glucose load has been shown in earlier studies to be associated with increased susceptibility for atherosclerotic diseases. Therefore, it might be of importance, that lipid-lowering diet induce a lowering of serum insulin response in healthy, coronary prone men. As a contrast to the two high risk groups, the very low response curve of serum insulin and glucose in a group of coronary low risk men is also presented, and it is suggested that serum insulin levels should be added to the coronary prone syndrome of hyperlipidemia, obesity and physical inactivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

High density lipoprotein cholesterol and myocardial infarction or sudden coronary death: a prospective case-control study in middle-aged men of the Oslo study.

The high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations of frozen specimen obtained in 1972-73 are reported from 93 men aged 40-49 years who later developed coronary heart disease (CHD), and for 186 controls. Mean HDL cholesterol of CHD-patients was 7.9% lower than that of controls matched for smoking habits and serum concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol (p 0.05 for 82 men who had myocardial infarction, n.s. difference for 11 with sudden coronary death), and 10.2% lower (p 0.05) than that of controls who were not matched for the parameters mentioned. The present prospective study confirms that HDL cholesterol is inversely associated with the risk of developing CHD in middle-aged men.

Adult↗