Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Hjermann

Publications and source records attributed to I Hjermann.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Effect of lipid lowering diet on low density lipoprotein receptor activity in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

The effect of lipid lowering diet on low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity has been studied in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 16 hypercholesterolemic male subjects during a three weeks' dietary intervention trial. The participants were randomized to an intervention group or to a control group. The subjects in the intervention group had a non-significantly larger increase in LDL receptor activity, determined as degradation of 125I-LDL at 37 degrees C, than the control group (49.7 +/- 18.1 and 35.4 +/- 21.2 ng/mg, respectively). Irrespective of assignment to the intervention group or control group, the eight subjects with the largest reduction in total serum cholesterol had significantly larger absolute and percentage increases in LDL receptor activity than the eight subjects with the smallest reduction in total serum cholesterol (p less than 0.05). Thus, it appears that the cholesterol reduction that can be achieved in humans by dietary intervention results in a small increase in LDL receptor activity in freshly isolated PBMCs.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1985

A novel form of factor VII in plasma from men at risk for cardiovascular disease.

In the Northwick Park Heart Study high activity of the coagulation factor VII was associated with cardiovascular deaths. We confirm here that men at high risk for such disease have increased levels of factor VII activity and demonstrate for the first time that this is due to a phospholipid-factor VII complex in their plasma. This complex increases the specific activity of its factor VII significantly. It is not inhibited by a neutralizing antiserum to thromboplastin and thus does not represent a factor VII-thromboplastin complex. Gel filtration data suggest an apparent Mr of 66-72 000 for the complex. Factor VII in this phospholipid complex is more sensitive than native factor VII to the serine protease inhibitor diisopropyl-fluorophosphate, consistent with a more accessible active site conformation (and a higher specific activity) for factor VII in the complex. The level of phospholipid-factor VII complex showed a significant positive correlation with plasma triglycerides and correlation of borderline significance with cholesterol.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Maximal low density lipoprotein receptor activity and the effect of lipid lowering diet on total serum cholesterol.

This study was undertaken to test if the effect of lipid lowering diet on total serum cholesterol, is influenced by maximal low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity. LDL receptor activity was determined in cultured skin fibroblasts from hypercholesterolemic, male subjects after lipid lowering diet intervention. The LDL receptor values from 15 subjects (responders) who had responded well to a lipid lowering diet and from 14 subjects (non-responders) who had responded poorly, were compared. The responders had a reduction in total serum cholesterol of 29.4%, and the non-responders had a reduction of 8.2% (p less than 0.0001). The higher values for LDL receptor activity among the responders did not reach statistical significance. For all 29 subjects there were non-significant positive correlations between reductions in total serum cholesterol and values for association or degradation of 125I-LDL at 37 degrees C (r = 0.16, p = 0.40 and r = 0.17, p = 0.38, respectively). Thus, it seems that maximal LDL receptor activity is not a major predictor for the response of lipid lowering diet on total serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic subjects without autosomal dominant familial hypercholesterolemia.

Apoproteins↗
PubMed1985

Evidence of age-related variation in plasma vasopressin of normotensive men.

The influence of age on plasma arginine vasopressin was examined in three groups of healthy men, 25 +/- 1 (n = 12), 40 (n = 23) and 50 years of age (n = 13), respectively. The three groups were comparable in body height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, serum and urine osmolality, electrolytes and endogenous creatinine clearance. Compared to the 25-year olds, the 50-year old men had more than three times higher basal plasma vasopressin (7.8 +/- 1.4 vs. 2.5 +/- 0.6 ng/l, p less than 0.01), only one-third the plasma renin concentration (0.36 +/- 0.05 vs. 1.10 +/- 0.33 G.U. X 10(-4)/ml, p less than 0.01) and a significantly higher plasma noradrenaline (267 +/- 21 vs. 199 +/- 19 ng/l, p less than 0.05) while plasma adrenaline remained essentially unchanged. The 40-year olds had intermediate plasma vasopressin concentrations (4.2 +/- 0.6 ng/l). Thus, age is a variable with a substantial effect on plasma concentrations of vasopressin in addition to the well-known effect on renin and noradrenaline. Age must be taken into account in further clinical studies on vasopressin.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Stenoses in the coronary arteries. Relation to atherosclerotic lesions, coronary heart disease, and risk factors. The Oslo Study.

Coronary heart disease is strongly associated with the presence of stenosis in the epicardial coronary arteries. This prospective autopsy study shows that the relationship between risk factors for coronary heart disease and the occurrence of stenosis is the same as between risk factors and coronary atherosclerotic lesions: serum cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure contribute to formation of coronary stenosis; high density lipoprotein cholesterol is inversely related to stenosis. None of the other risk factors for coronary heart disease, such as fasting triglycerides, smoking habits, social class, and physical activity at work and at leisure, was statistically associated with the occurrence of coronary stenosis. Additional statistical analyses show that these selected risk factors do not seem to have any independent influence on the development of coronary stenosis over and above that of the extent of raised atherosclerotic lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Treatment of mild hypertension with diuretics. The importance of ECG abnormalities in the Oslo Study and in MRFIT.

The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) showed that diuretic treatment of hypertensive men with certain ECG abnormalities at entry was associated with an increased coronary heart disease mortality in the special-intervention group as compared with the usual-care group. Following the same criteria for resting ECG abnormalities as in MRFIT, The Oslo Study trial of mild hypertension has been reanalyzed for similar effects. Although numbers of first coronary events are low in this study (20 cases in the treated group and 13 in the control group), similar trends are present in The Oslo Study. The excess of seven cases of coronary events in the Oslo treatment group can mainly be explained by introduction of the MRFIT ECG-Minnesota codes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum glucose levels during long-term observation of treated and untreated men with mild hypertension. The Oslo study.

Serum glucose levels, triglyceride levels, and body weight are reported from a controlled drug trial in men, aged 40 to 49, with uncomplicated mild hypertension. The drug treatment started with hydrochlorothiazide alone, and methyldopa was added when necessary. If side effects occurred, methyldopa was replaced by propranolol. No detailed advice about diet, smoking, or weight reduction was given to any group. The untreated control subjects had a small increase in serum glucose levels during five years, from 6.08 to 6.21 mmol/liter. Those treated with hydrochlorothiazide alone and those treated with hydrochlorothiazide plus methyldopa had a small increase in serum glucose levels of the same order as that in the control subjects. However, those receiving the thiazide/propranolol combination experienced a sizeable increase in glucose levels, from 5.96 to 6.53 mmol/liter (p less than 0.001). This increase was significantly greater than the increase in the other groups (p less than 0.001). The thiazide/propranolol group also showed a significant increase in serum triglyceride levels (p less than 0.05). There was no difference in serum potassium levels in the different drug groups. The results indicate that moderate thiazide doses do not have significant effects on serum glucose levels in this age group. Propranolol in combination with thiazide seems to increase the level of serum glucose.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The Oslo study: CHD risk factors, socioeconomic influences, and intervention.

This article reviews the methods and results of the large-scale, 10-year Oslo study. Two controlled intervention trials are described, one in healthy, normotensive men at high risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), the other in healthy men with mild hypertension. Cause-specific mortality is related to the major CHD risk parameters of serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure and was found to be highest among the lowest socioeconomic class. Morbidity from myocardial infarction and total cardiovascular incidence decreased with lowered blood lipid levels and cessation of cigarette smoking in one trial. There was no difference, however, in total cardiovascular incidence as a result of antihypertensive therapy in the other trial. The effects on blood lipids of six commonly used single antihypertensive drug preparations and five combination preparations were examined. The study concluded that the beneficial lipid-lowering effect of the alpha-adrenergic blocker prazosin made it the antihypertensive drug of choice.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Acyl pattern of adipose tissue triglycerides, plasma free fatty acids, and diet of a group of men participating in a primary coronary prevention program (the Oslo Study).

The acyl pattern of adipose tissue triglycerides and of plasma free fatty acids were determined after 7 yr of diet intervention on elevated plasma cholesterol in 42 men taking part in the smoking-lipid trial of the Oslo Study. Twenty-two of the men were advised to change dietary habits (mainly reduce saturated fat) whereas the remaining 20 were controls. The adipose tissue from men in the intervention group contained relatively more linoleic and linolenic acids and relatively less saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids compared to men in the control group. There were strong correlations between the relative content of several fatty acids in adipose tissue triglycerides and plasma free fatty acid. Furthermore, there was a close correlation between the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids found in a dietary survey done 2 to 3 yr before this study and the relative content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in adipose tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1983

Blood lipids and antihypertensive drugs. The Oslo study.

The treatment of hypertension has failed to achieve a reduction of the incidence of coronary heart disease. Recently, attention has been drawn to the effects of antihypertensive drugs on the metabolism of lipoproteins. Of the beta-blockers only pindolol was lipid neutral while propranolol, atenolol and oxprenolol lowered cholesterol and increased serum triglycerides. Hydrochlorothiazide did not influence blood lipids. Prazosin lowered serum LDL + VLDL cholesterol and total triglycerides. The combination of pindolol + prazosin lowered LDL + VLDL cholesterol and increased triglycerides. Propranolol + prazosin lowered HDL cholesterol, methyldopa + hydrochlorothiazide and hydrochlorothiazide + amiloride had no effect on blood lipids.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1982

Socio-economic status as a coronary risk factor: the Oslo study.

The association between socioeconomic status, measured by a combination of income and education, and CHD mortality has been studied in a cohort of 40-49 year old Oslo men. Socio-economic status was significantly associated with CHD mortality. However, the lowest CHD mortality was found in social status Group III (middle class) and this could not be explained by the risk factor gradients seen among those studied. Although the number of fatalities is small (68 CHD deaths during 4.5 years) socio-economic status seems to be independently associated with coronary risk after adjusting for serum cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and cigarette smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antihypertensive drugs and blood lipids: the Oslo study.

1 The report presents the effects on blood lipids and uric acid of six different antihypertensive drugs, used alone and of five different combinations of two antihypertensive drugs. 2 Prazosin significantly lowered serum LDL + VLDL cholesterol and total triglycerides. Atenolol lowered LDL + VLDL cholesterol to a smaller but significant extent. Both pindolol and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTH) were without effect, while oxprenolol significantly increased total triglycerides. Propranolol significantly lowered HDL cholesterol and increased total triglycerides and uric acid. 3 The combination prazosin and pindolol had a favourable effect on the lipid profile, while the combination propranolol and HCTH lowered HDL cholesterol but increased total triglycerides. Propranolol and prazosin lowered HDL cholesterol, while methyldopa and HCTH, and HCTH and amiloride were without effect on blood lipids. 4 It is suggested that the metabolic effects of antihypertensive drugs could be of special importance in long-term treatment of mild hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Antihypertensive drugs and blood lipids: the Oslo study.

The effects on blood lipids and uric acid of six different antihypertensive drugs used alone, and of five different combinations of two antihypertensive drugs, are reported here. Prazosin significantly lowered serum low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein (LDL + VLDL) cholesterol and total triglycerides while maintaining high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Atenolol lowered LDL + VLDL cholesterol slightly. Both pindolol and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) were neutral, while oxprenolol increased total triglycerides. Propranolol lowered HDL cholesterol and increased total triglycerides and uric acid. The combination of prazosin plus pindolol has a direct favorable lipid profile, while the combination of propranolol plus HCTZ lowered HDL cholesterol and increased total triglycerides. The combination of propranolol plus prazosin lowered HDL cholesterol, but to a lesser degree than propranolol alone, which suggests that prazosin was not able to completely counteract the negative effects of propranolol on HDL. Methyldopa plus HCTZ, and HCTZ plus amiloride were neutral with regard to effects on blood lipids. It is suggested that the metabolic effects of antihypertensive drugs could be of special importance in the long-term treatment of mild hypertension.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗