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Biomedical subjects

I Hayashi

Publications and source records attributed to I Hayashi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Monoclonal antibodies against rat T-kininogen: application to radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry.

Monoclonal antibodies to rat T-kininogen were produced and 9 hybridomas were selected. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) was developed using 125I-labeled T-kininogen and cell walls of Staphylococcus aureus (Zysorbin) for the separation of bound from free ligand, when IgG2a and IgG2b were used. In the case of IgG1 monoclonals, a second antibody (goat anti-mouse IgG) and Zysorbin were used. By this RIA, 1-16 ng T-kininogen/tube showed a linear inhibition curve, and cross reactivities to rat purified LMW- and HMW-kininogens were less than 0.5%, respectively. These monoclonal antibodies were also used for the immunohistochemical staining of the liver to detect T-kininogen in hepatocytes. By using the RIA and immunohistochemical staining, the T-kininogen levels in rat plasma and liver following carrageenin-induced inflammation were estimated. At 3-5 h after the carrageenin injection, when the paw swelling was at its peak, the plasma level of T-kininogen and staining of the liver were slightly increased. T-Kininogen levels in plasma and liver peaked on the 2nd day, when the paw swelling had already decreased. The result indicates that the increase of T-kininogen level in the liver and plasma occurs with a time lag and T-kininogen is not directly involved in the increase of vascular permeability in carrageenin paw edema.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Effects of an oral protein load on glomerular filtration rate in healthy controls and nephrotic patients.

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and humoral factors were simultaneously examined before and after a 50-gram oral protein load in 12 healthy controls and 12 nephrotic patients. The protein load led to rises in GFR with unchanged filtration fraction in both groups although the rate of increase in GFR was greater in the former. The levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum osmotic pressure, plasma glucagon and serum insulin, but not plasma angiotensin II, were significantly elevated following the protein load. The increase in GFR after the protein load appears to be mainly caused by increased ERPF and afferent arteriolar vasodilation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

A case of giant mediastinal leiomyoma with long-term survival.

A 67-year-old female was emergently admitted to our hospital because of severe dyspnea with cyanosis. One month before admission, she consulted a doctor and chest x-ray disclosed a huge tumor shadow occupying most of the left hemithorax. At that time, she did not complain of any particular symptoms except slight cough. Twelve days after admission, the patient lost consciousness and an emergency operation was performed. The tumor showed severe adhesion to the aorta and the lower lobe of the left lung, but not to the esophagus. After the operation, mechanical ventilation was necessary for 13 days to recover pulmonary function. Histological diagnosis was made as leiomyoma, which is rarely seen in the mediastinal region. At present, the patient survived 10 years without any symptom of recurrence. In this paper, the authors report a case of mediastinal leiomyoma which received an emergency operation and attained long term survival. Twelve similar cases reported in the past were also reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

In vitro activity of desacetylcefotaxime and the interaction with its parent compound, cefotaxime.

Antibacterial activities of cefotaxime and its major metabolite, desacetylcefotaxime, against 178 strains (of 10 species) were assessed in terms of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC50 and MIC80), and were compared with those of cefoperazone and ceftazidime. The activity of desacetylcefotaxime was several times less than that of cefotaxime against almost all of the species tested. Against Staphylococcus aureus, Morganella morganii, Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the MIC80 values of desacetylcefotaxime were higher than those of cefoperazone and ceftazidime. The antibacterial potency of desacetylcefotaxime against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas cepacia was superior to that of cefoperazone and ceftazidime, and comparable with the activities of the latter compounds against the other 4 Gram-negative species. Partial synergy was demonstrated in the activity of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime against most of the strains examined. Antagonism was observed in activity against 2 of 18 strains of M. morganii. In general, desacetylcefotaxime enhances the potency of its parent compound, cefotaxime, when they coexist. Intravenous infusion of cefotaxime 1 g over a period of 1 hour resulted in mean peak serum concentrations of 48.5 mg/L of cefotaxime and 6.5 mg/L of desacetylcefotaxime at the end of the infusion. The mean elimination half-life in beta-phase of cefotaxime was 0.8 hour and that of desacetylcefotaxime was 2 hours.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

A simple and highly reproducible staining method for fungi and other polysaccharide-rich microorganisms in animal tissues.

A newly devised, simple and highly reproducible method for fungal staining is reported. Grocott's method, in which methenamine-silver nitrate solution is employed, has been widely used for the staining of fungi in tissue sections, but it frequently produces heavy background staining because of sudden and progressive reaction in the methenamine-silver nitrate solution. We therefore replace the latter solution with an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution. This new method yields more consistent results in fungal staining without background staining, since the reaction time in the ammoniacal silver nitrate solution is prolonged. The present method is considered superior to Grocott's method with regard to its simplicity and reproducibility.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1988

Four new human germ cell tumor cell lines.

Four new human tumor cell lines, NCC-EC-1, NCC-EC-2, NCC-EC-3, and NCC-IT, were derived from different germ cell tumors established in vitro. On the basis of morphologic studies of cell cultures and nude mice xenografts, it was concluded that NCC-EC-1, and NCC-EC-2 cell lines are equivalent to developmentally nullipotent embryonal carcinoma; cell line NCC-EC-3 showed trophoblastic differentiation, whereas the NCC-IT cell line was composed of developmentally pluripotent cells capable of somatic and extraembryonic differentiation. Nude mouse-xenografts of NCC-IT contained foci of embryonal carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, immature somatic tissues, and trophoblastic giant cells indicating that this cell line is indeed developmentally pluripotent. We conclude that human embryonal carcinoma cell lines may be developmentally nullipotent, show restricted capacity for differentiation, or be developmentally pluripotent.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical examination of S 6472 (sustained release preparations of cefaclor on chronic respiratory tract infection].

Clinical evaluation of S 6472 (sustained release preparations of cefaclor), a granule form of cefaclor, was performed in 20 patients with chronic respiratory tract infections. The patients subjected to the study consisted of 11 males and 9 females with ages between 44 and 76 years. S 6472 was given orally to each patient in a daily dose of 750 mg in 2 divided portions. The duration of administration was 3 days in 1 case, 7 days in 11 cases, 11 days in 3 cases and 14 days in 5 cases. A total of 5 strains including 2 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, and 1 strain each of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae were identified from sputum samples before the administration of the drug. All strains were eradicated but, instead 2 strains, 1 strain each of Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa appeared after the therapy. The clinical efficacy rate was 95.0% (19/20): Excellent in 5 cases, good in 14 cases and fair in 1 case. No side effects were observed, but eosinophilia was observed in 1 case. From the above results, it appeared that S 6472 was effective, safe and useful agent for the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory tract infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach.

A rare case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach in a 70-year-old man is reported. The protruded mass with central depression resembled a submucosal tumor, located on the posterior wall of a part of the cardia, fornix, and upper corpus. Histologically, submucosal ectopic glands composed of columnar cells, mucus-producing cells that closely resemble gastric epithelium, and ciliated epithelium were observed. The tumor consisted of an admixture of cuboidal, columnar cells, mucus-producing cells, singled or pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, and squamous metaplastic cells. The tumor cells were intimately continuous with the submucosal ectopic glands. Gradual transition between tumor cells and epithelium of submucosal ectopic glands was recognized. It is supposed that mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach in this case derived from preexisting submucosal ectopic mucous glands of the stomach.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a preexisting cyst of the liver.

A case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the liver of a 46-year-old female is described. The resected mass from the left lobe of the liver measured 3 X 3 X 2 cm. The cut surface showed a well demarcated white, round shape, and a cystic formation measuring 1.8 X 1.4 cm was present in the center of the mass. Microscopically, the mass showed high-grade-type mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which consisted of squamous cells, mucus-producing cells, and glandular cells. The cystic wall was lined with apparently benign glandular, mucus-producing cells, squamous metaplastic cells, and tumor cells. The tumor was intimately contiguous with the cyst and gradual transition between tumor cells and cystic lining cells was recognized. It is suggested that the mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the liver in the present case was derived from malignant transformation of a preexisting cyst of the liver.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Roles of kallikrein-kinin system in acute inflammation: studies on high- and low-molecular weight kininogens-deficient rats (B/N-Katholiek strain).

Carrageenin-induced paw edema in HMW- and LMW-kininogens-deficient rats was significantly less than that in normal rats. There are three kininogens, HMW-, LMW- and T-kininogens, in normal rat plasma, but B/N-Katholiek rat plasma contains only T-kininogen. The pretreatment with captopril, a kiniase II inhibitor, enhanced paw swelling of normal rats, but not that of the deficient rats, indicating that bradykinin released from HMW-kininogen may have a role for the swelling but T-kinin may not be released in this inflammation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Characterization of serine proteinases isolated from rat submaxillary gland: with special reference to the degradation of rat kininogens by these enzymes.

From the homogenate of rat submaxillary gland, two kinds of serine proteinases, named tentatively proteinases A and B, were isolated and their chemical properties and activities toward rat kininogens were examined, in comparison with those of submaxillary kallikrein. Proteinase A with Mr of 28,200 rapidly cleaved high-molecular-weight (HMW) kininogen into a protein of 67 kDa, which retained thiol-proteinase inhibitory activity, but had lost the correcting activity of HMW kininogen on the prolonged clotting time of Fitzgerald trait plasma. It liberated bradykinin from HMW kininogen but did not liberate kinin from T-kininogen and did not degrade T-kininogen. On the other hand, proteinase B with Mr of 30,400 showed a very weak activity for the liberation of kinin from T-kininogen and the cleavage of T-kininogen at pH 8.0. However, the enzyme extensively degraded T-kininogen at pH 4.5. Proteinase B also degraded HMW kininogen at pH 4.5 and pH 8.0, but liberated bradykinin only at pH 8.0. Thiol-proteinase inhibitory activities of HMW kininogen and T-kininogen were inactivated after the incubation with proteinase B at pH 4.5 but not at pH 8.0, while the correcting activity of HMW kininogen on the Fitzgerald trait plasma was inactivated at pH 4.5 and 8.0. The NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of proteinases A and B were different from each other, and distinguishable with those of serine proteinases in rat submaxillary gland so far reported. These results provide evidence that in addition to the known kallikrein, there exist at least two kinds of serine proteinases in rat submaxillary gland, both of which liberate bradykinin from rat HMW kininogen at pH 8.0 and modulate the functional activities of HMW kininogen and T-kininogen, degrading these proteins at pH 8.0 or 4.5.

Amino Acid Sequence↗