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Biomedical subjects

I Haubitz

Publications and source records attributed to I Haubitz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Habit patterns in the use of the manual toothbrush. 1].

It is the goal of this study to quantitatively assess the habit patterns of toothbrushing. In the course of nine sessions such variables as force, duration, technique (scrubbing, rotating, or sweeping) as well as the sequence of brush positions and the number of changes of brushing sites were determined in 85 men and women, who were neither motivated nor instructed to maintain oral hygiene. The "force of habit" was an unexpectedly dominant factor, the least variations being observed in the brushing technique. On the other hand, a comparison of the degrees of habit of patients with and without acute or chronic brush-induced lesions (gingival recession, Stillman's clefts, wedge-shaped defects) revealed that patients with gingival recessions had the highest degree of habit. Consequences of clinical relevance are pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The distribution pattern of NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase in rat liver.

Activities of the NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase were measured along the entire sinusoidal path (1) between small portal tracts and central veins and (2) between regions of adjoining septal branches and central veins in the liver of male Wistar rats using a Lowry technique. The measured activities show a slight increase from the periportal to the perivenous end, whereas no such septal-) perivenous gradient could be established. These profiles of enzyme activity give further support to previous studies, suggesting functional heterogeneity of liver sinusoids and their abutting hepatocytes related to morphological differences of the sinusoidal bed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Distribution pattern of alanine aminotransferase activity in rat liver.

Activities of the alanine aminotransferase were measured along the entire sinusoidal paths (1) between small portal tracts and central veins and (2) between regions of adjoining septal branches and central veins in the livers of male Wistar rats using a Lowry technique. The established profiles of enzyme activity give support to previous studies, suggesting functional heterogeneity of liver sinusoids and their abutting hepatocytes related to morphological differences of the sinusoidal bed.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

Sinusoidal profiles of lactate dehydrogenase activity in rat liver.

Lactate dehydrogenase activities were measured along two sinusoidal paths (1) between small portal tracts and central veins and (2) between regions of adjoining septal branches and central veins in the livers of male Wistar rats, using a Lowry technique. The established profiles of enzyme activity provide further support of functional heterogeneity of liver sinusoids and their abutting hepatocytes related to morphological differences of the sinusoidal bed. Within the hepatocytes a pronounced heterogeneity in enzyme activity was recorded surrounding small portal tracts and central veins. The lowest values of activity were determined in those cells located in close proximity to the vessels, which emphasizes their exceptional morphological and functional position.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Effect of the Ca antagonist nimodipine on global and regional cerebrovascular circulation].

The effects of Nimodipine on the global and regional cerebral blood flow were studied in 42 patients with cerebrovascular disorders. In 25 patients with focal deficits such as transitory ischemic attack (TIA), prolonged reversible ischemic neurological deficit (PRIND), and minor stroke due to arteriosclerosis, and in eleven patients with cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage, the cerebral blood flow was measured by 133Xenon inhalation technique 60 min after oral administration of 40, 60, or 80 mg Nimodipine. In 6 patients with vasospasm the effects of Nimodipine i.v. were examined. The result in twelve patients with minor stroke who were only given placebo (lactose; "test-retest") was identical regional (rCBF) and global (CBF) cerebral blood flow before and 60 min after; placebo, blood pressure, and arterial pCO2 remained constant as well. After Nimodipine, however, the CBF increases, the increase after vasospasm being significant when taking the pCO2 in the Wilcoxon test into account. The rCBF increases much more in the regions with low perfusion rates than in well-perfused areas. This is also observed in the patients with TIA, PRIND, or minor stroke, most clearly after oral administration of 60 mg, whereas regions with normal perfusion rates show little reaction. The blood pressure was lowered, depending on the initial pressure. There was no evidence of a steal phenomenon.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Acute effects of nimodipine on the cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure.

The effects of nimodipine, a calcium antagonist with preferential cerebrovascular activity, on the global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF and rCBF), the intracranial pressure (ICP), and the cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), were investigated in an acute study. The rCBF of 54 patients was measured by the Xe133 inhalation method under identical conditions before and 60 min after oral administration of nimodipine. 12 patients with focal cerebral circulation disturbances of arteriosclerotic origin, who had suffered a cerebral accident (TIA, PRIND, minor stroke) no more than 3 weeks previously, were given a placebo (test-retest controls) and 25 patients of the same diagnosis and age group were given 40-80 mg nimodipine orally. 11 patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) from ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysms and clinical and angiographic signs of vasospasm (Hunt- and Hess grade 3) were likewise treated with nimodipine by the oral route. 6 patients with cerebral vasospasm received nimodipine in i.v. doses of 0.5-2 mg/h. The cerebral blood flow, assessed on the basis of the initial slope index (ISI), before and after the medication, was compared by statistical methods. 12 patients with head injury were given nimodipine intravenously in a dose of 0.5-2 mg with continuous monitoring of the ICP and the blood pressure. The pressure values were evaluated continuously by computer, with calculation of the perfusion pressure, and tested for statistical significance. Oral nimodipine therapy resulted in a significant (14%) increased of the CBF (taking account of the arterial pCO2), the improvement of blood flow being even more pronounced in the hypoperfused regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[The effect of the beta-blocker nadolol on the second messenger, serum cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and on blood pressure and heart rate].

In this investigation it could be shown that the intracellular alterations of cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) caused by the beta-receptor blocker (2R,3S)-5-(3-tert-butylamino-2-hydroxypropoxy)-1,2,3,4- -tetrahydro-2,3-naphtalenediol (nadolol, Solgol mite) can also be proved in plasma. 15 hypertensive patients were given 60 mg nadolol; before and after certain intervals plasma cAMP, blood pressure, heart rate and pulmonary function were measured. After a single dose of nadolol within 8 h a prompt, significant decrease of the plasma cAMP concentration from 21.3 pmol/ml to 8.1 pmol/ml could be seen. 8 h later the cAMP concentration increased slowly and after 32 h achieved an average value of 13.1 pmol/ml. Heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the patients showed nearly identical behavior for more than 32 h. Both parameters fell significantly, increased slowly after 8 h and were still on a lower level after 32 h. There was no influence on diastolic blood pressure value and pulmonary function. The results confirm--in accordance with other investigators--the long therapeutical effect of the beta-receptor blocker nadolol; besides they prove that the model used here is a suitable biochemical equivalent in comparison to the pharmacological effect of a beta-receptor blocker.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

Explorative studies on karyometric frequency distributions. I. Quantitative description and comparison of curves with 2 maxima.

A mathematical procedure is introduced describing frequency distributions of nuclear size with 2 maxima sufficiently by the evaluation of three parameters which are directly representative for the curves: the positions of the first and second maximum and the percentage ratio of the first maximum related to the second maximum. This approximation is a prerequisite to statistical comparison and interpretation of the curves.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Explorative studies on karyometric frequency distributions. II. Approximation using normally distributed curves versus median interpolation.

An approximation using normally distributed curves and a median interpolation were applied to frequency distributions of nuclear size with one maximum. Both methods gave the same results as far as the positions of the curves on the axis of nuclear volume classes were concerned. Further detailed information on the course of the curves by the median interpolation, however, may be falsified by artificial differences due to the interpolation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Problems in fitting a cosine curve.

In fitting of cosine curves latent experimental inequalities due to a serial effect have to be excluded. Though cosinor analysis may be sufficient then, inclusion of biological time, i.e. not fitting values to time but to a function of time, will lead to further improvement.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Seizure prevention using carbamazepine following severe brain injuries].

In this article the efficacy of carbamazepine for seizure prophylaxis in severe head injuries is tested. In addition, conditions with high risk of seizures requiring prophylactic regimen, were defined. One hundred and thirty-nine patients above 15 years of age with severe head injuries were included in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups--carbamazepine versus placebo. Prophylaxis was started immediately after the accident and was continued for one and a half to two years. Carbamazepine dosage was adjusted individually to provide serum levels within therapeutic range. In case of a seizure all the necessary clinical management was initiated. Patients on carbamazepine showed a lower probability of post-traumatic seizures than those on placebo (p less than 0.05). This difference was statistically significant with regard to early seizures within the first week and with regard to the follow-up time in total, but not regarding late seizures per se. Brain lesions with a high risk of post-traumatic seizures were situated in the parietal and temporal areas and included acute subdural haematomas in all locations, temporal lobe contusions, parietal epidural haematomas accompanied by other lesions and the deep stages of coma. Brain stem contusions were accompanied by a rather low probability of seizures. The above mentioned types and locations of brain lesions with the exception of brain stem contusions justify antiepileptic prophylaxis. The regimen consists of oral carbamazepine 100 mg three times daily by gastric tube during the first two days increasing to about 200 mg three times daily on the third day corresponding to the serum level. If oral medication is not possible within the initial twelve hours, phenytoin in a dose of 750 mg Phenhydan-Infusion Konzentrate is given on the first day, followed by an intravenous dose of 250-500 mg on the second day or until oral carbamazepine administration is tolerated. Treatment should be continued for one year.

Brain Concussion↗
PubMed1982

[Comparison of the psychopathology with cerebral blood flow and brain metabolism in cerebrovascular insufficiencies].

40 patients (13 males, 27 females) with a mean age of 68 years presented organic brain syndromes of cerebrovascular etiology. They were studied to make an attempt upon the relationship between descriptive symptomatology on one hand and brain-blood-flow and oxidative metabolism on the other. The assessment of psychopathology and additional neurological and physical symptoms and signs was documented by the AMDP-rating scale system, then further computed by cluster analytic procedures. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by the Bernsmeier and Siemons (1955) modification of the Kety and Schmidt method. The cerebral metabolic rates of oxygen (CMR O2) and carbondioxide (CMR CO2) were determined by gaschromatography, the cerebral metabolic rates of glucose (CMR gluc) and lactate (CMR lac) by standard enzymatic methods. Five symptom-sign clusters were markedly differentiated by size and shape of their profiles. The mean values of the biological data within the clusters found did show different patterns of brain metabolism derangement with increasing tendency to reduced levels and functional decompensation. The latter reflected clinical deterioration in terms of psychopathology: disorders of cognitive functioning as well as psychomotor activity, social and illness behavior, i.e. need for special care. The cerebral metabolism balance worsened resulting in a widespread, gross disturbance of oxidative metabolism with a likely shift to anaerobic glycolysis. The lactate production was extremely heightened. CMR lac may be regarded as a causal quantitative factor significantly linked with pathogenesis, manifestation, and severity of organic brain syndromes.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Atraumatic rCBF measurement: an aid in the timing of surgery and the management of spasm following SAH.

We tested the ability of a non-invasive regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurement to show vasospasm. The correlations between the flow values, the clinical condition, the CT scan and angiography were also studied. During none of the measurements were there any negative side effects on the patients. A bad clinical condition was usually accompanied by low flow data during the rCBF investigation. In accordance with local clinical signs (e.g., hemiparesis) we observed corresponding local hypoperfusion. These results were also confirmed by several follow-up studies in which good correlations between the rCBF findings, the angiography and the CT scan were found. As the rCBF investigation can be repeated within a very short time, we used this method for the testing of vasoactive drugs. Nimodipine (Bayer) showed promising results which suggest further clinical investigations. The main problem connected with the rCBF measurement is the limited ability of the patient to cooperate. For the detection of vasospasm the low resolution both in localisation and depth of this method is of only minor importance. We partly overcame this disadvantage by developing a special respirator enabling us to investigate artificially ventilated patients. We think that the measurement of rCBF is an important aid for the timing of the operation.

Cerebral Angiography↗
PubMed1981

[Hormonal adaptive capacity in old age. Behavior of hormonal parameters after insulin hypoglycemia in young and old patients].

The insulin-hypoglycemia-test seems to be an appropriate instrument for the examination of the hormonal ability to adapt, even at old age, whereby especially accurate control is necessary. Although older patients of our policlinic show lower basic cortisol- and HGH-values, the increase of catecholamines, cortisol and HGH is not diminished, thus demonstrating a satisfying stress-adaptability. We relate the fact, that in literature the basic cortisol- and HGH-levels are also found to be mostly normal, to the different criteria in the selection of patients.

Adult↗