Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

I Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to I Fujimoto.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effective continuous intraarterial chemotherapy for a patient with FIGO stage IIIb cervical adenocarcinoma invasing the bladder wall].

A patient with FIGO stage IIIb adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix (moderately differentiated, endocervical type) underwent an exploratory laparotomy because of a direct cancer invasion to the bladder wall, and then she was treated with consecutive intraarterial (IA) CDDP (10 mg/day) combined with continuous IA 5-FU (250 mg/day). Six weeks after, CR (complete response) was obtained by this IA chemotherapy (total dose; 5-FU: 10,500 mg, CDDP: 300 mg). Further 5-weeks-IA chemotherapy was added to keep the "CR" effect (final total dose; 5-FU: 19,250 mg, CDDP: 500 mg). The only toxic sign was a mild nausea. The patient's PS (performance status) was 0 (normal activity) and thereafter she could undergo a "curative" radical hysterectomy. The cancer invasion to the bladder wall observed at the first exploratory surgery completely disappeared histologically as well as macroscopically. In obtained material, small "viable" cancer focus was found in the cervical canal but the margin was free, and all nodes were negative. Postoperatively, the patient has receiving a continuous IA 5-FU (125 mg/day) for 13 months as a maintenance and she is free of disease (NED) with a normal activity (PS = 0). The present treatment modality is considered to be promising for advanced cervical adenocarcinoma having a poor prognosis due to its low sensitivity to radiotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Natural history of colorectal polyps and the effect of polypectomy on occurrence of subsequent cancer.

To elucidate the natural history of colorectal polyps and to observe the influence of endoscopic polypectomy on the incidence of colorectal cancer, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients who had undergone colonoscopic examination at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka, between April 1974 and December 1985. The study subjects consisted of a control group (760 non-polyp patients) and a polyp group (648 polyp patients, including 136 treated by polypectomy at the initial examination). These subjects were followed up until the end of 1987 by record linkage with the Osaka Cancer Registry's file to observe the occurrence of colorectal cancer. The O/E (observed/expected numbers derived from the general population) was 5.1 (95% confidence interval = 2.5-9.4) and 1.0 (0.1-3.6) for the polyp and control group, respectively. When subjects in the polyp group were categorized into polypectomy and non-polypectomy sub-groups, the O/E was 2.3 (0.1-12.6) and 8.0 (3.4-15.8) respectively. The relative risk of undergoing polypectomy to developing subsequent cancer was estimated at 0.3 (0.1-2.1). These results suggest an increased risk of developing cancer among polyp patients and the possibility of prophylactic effect of polypectomy against subsequent cancer. A large-scale and long-term follow-up study is required to confirm these findings.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Estimation of validity of mass screening program for gastric cancer in Osaka, Japan.

To assess the validity of mass screening tests for gastric cancer conducted with three types of radiographic techniques, i.e., photofluorography by a mirror camera, photofluorography by an image intensifier, and direct radiography, 105,122 persons who underwent a total of 272,667 screening tests during 1970 through 1982 were followed through December 31, 1983 by means of a record linkage to the Osaka Cancer Registry, Osaka, Japan. The results of 1 year's follow-up from screening were defined as the gold standard and test performance values were calculated. Sensitivity of screening with photofluorography by a mirror camera, photofluorography by an image intensifier, and direct radiography was 90%, 89%, and 91%, and specificity was 86%, 92%, and 91%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristics curve for screening with photofluorography by an image intensifier resembled that for direct radiography and these two curves were located somewhat to the left of the curve for screening with photofluorography by a mirror camera. The authors conclude that the validity of screening with photofluorography by an image intensifier is almost equivalent to that of screening with direct radiography and both are superior to that of screening with photofluorography by a mirror camera.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A case-control study of hepatocellular carcinoma in Osaka, Japan.

A case-control study was undertaken to evaluate the roles of hepatitis B virus (HBV), blood transfusion, alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Osaka, Japan. A total of 229 cases and 266 hospital controls were included in our study. The relative risks of HCC obtained after adjustment for age, sex and other important variables were 14.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 5.7-36.3) for HBsAg positives, 4.3 (95% CI: 1.9-9.6) for blood recipients and 3.2 (95% CI: 2.0-5.1) for heavy drinkers. A statistically significant dose-response relationship was observed between the risk of HCC and total alcohol consumption. The overall risk for HCC was also significantly elevated among smokers; however, there was no consistent dose-response relationship between the risk and cigarette consumption. We conclude that HBV, blood transfusion and excessive alcohol drinking play important roles in the etiology of HCC in Osaka, Japan. Further investigation is needed to clarify the possible etiological role of smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Association of adenocarcinoma of the lung with cigarette smoking by grade of differentiation and subtype.

A hospital-based case-control study was carried out in order to evaluate the risk of adenocarcinoma of the lung associated with cigarette smoking according to grade of differentiation and subtype. The cases studied were 238 patients with adenocarcinomas of the lung (158 males and 80 females) that were surgically resected at the Center for Adult Diseases, Osaka. For each case, 2 controls were chosen at the same hospital from outpatients who had not been diagnosed as having smoking-related diseases, matched by sex, age, and year of first visit. When the male cases with adenocarcinoma were classified according to the grade of differentiation, the odds ratios (ORs) associated with exsmokers and current smokers were: 1.0, 2.1 for well-differentiated; 4.1, 7.7 for moderately differentiated; and 8.5, 7.9 for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The OR associated with current smokers for poorly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma combined was significantly higher than that for well differentiated adenocarcinoma. Approximately the same pattern of ORs was observed in females. For poorly and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, a significant dose-response relationship was observed in males. Comparison between the ORs for papillary type and tubular type showed no difference.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Population-based case-control study on cancer screening.

Matched case-control studies have recently been used to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer screening. They enable us to estimate the odds ratios of dying of cancer or of getting invasive cancer. The study compares people with various patterns of screening history with those who were not screened. Criteria for eligible cases, controls, and screening histories that are compared as exposures are discussed. The results from a case-control study for evaluating screening for cervical cancer are shown as an example. Also, a study design of a case-control study for evaluating lung cancer screening in Japan is discussed, along with biases and applications of case-control studies in evaluating cancer screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of UFT administration in patients with ovarian cancer who had no evidence of disease after the initial therapy].

Twenty nine patients with ovarian cancer of common epitherial origin who had no evidence of disease proved by computed tomography after the initial operation and chemotherapy were studied. The patients were randomized into two groups; (A) administration of UFT (1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil mixed with uracil) orally at a daily dose of 300 mg, 12 cases, (B) no further therapy, 17 cases. The therapeutic efficacy of UFT was assessed pathologically at the second look laparotomy (SLL). Plasma levels of 5-FU, tegafur and uracil were determined once a month to check whether patients intake UFT regularly or not. There were no significant difference in the mean age, in the distribution of numbers of patients in FIGO stage and histological cell type, in the mean total doses of CDDP and doxorubicin given at the initial chemotherapy [CDDP: (A) 352 +/- 152 mg, (B) 464 +/- 192 mg, doxorubicin: (A) 118 +/- 76 mg, (B) 119 +/- 92 mg] and in the duration between the initial operation and the SLL [(A) 484 +/- 154 days, (B) 414 +/- 274 days] between the two groups. The mean periods in the administration of UFT were 484.3 +/- 154 days. Recurrence was identified at the SLL in 1 case (8.3%) at paraaortic lymph nodes in (A) and 3 cases (17.6%) at the mesenterium, cul-de-sac and ascitic fluids in (B). No significant difference of recurrence ratio was observed between the two. Further long-term observation is required to assess the advantage of administration of UFT.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Antigenic phenotype of the lymphocytic component of regional lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer and its modulation by lentinan].

Immunohistochemical study with various monoclonal antibodies to the mononuclear cell surface antigens was carried out on the regional lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer to assess the augmentative effect of lentinan. Zero, 2, 4, or 6 mg of lentinan was administered i.v. one day prior to surgery to patients with cervical cancer (14 cases with FIGO stage 0 and 19 with FIGO stage Ib) and those with benign gynecologic tumors (8 cases with myoma uteri and 6 with ovarian tumor). Frozen sections of fresh pelvic lymph nodes obtained from these patients during surgery were stained by the ABC (avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex) method using several monoclonal antibodies to define the surface phenotype of mononuclear cells. The results were as follows: 1. Pelvic lymph nodes in patients with benign disease: In the absence of lentinan, lymphocytes stained with Leu 3a antibody were more numerous than those stained with Leu 2a, and both were observed mainly in the paracortical area (PC). The number of lymphocytes stained with Leu 4 antibody was practically equal to the sum of those stained with Leu 3a and Leu 2a. HLA-Dr positive lymphocytes were present in moderate numbers in PC and sinus. The above findings were not changed by the administration of lentinan. Cells stained with monoclonal antibodies including Leu 7, 11, M3, and IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) were very few or absent. 2. Pelvic lymph nodes in patients with cervical cancer receiving no lentinan: The findings obtained in these cases were much the same as those in patients with benign tumors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antigens, Differentiation↗
PubMed1990

[Liver cancer and life style--drinking habits and smoking habits].

Japan is one of the endemic area of liver cancer in the world with its incidence rate of more than 30 per 100,000 population for males in Osaka. It is well known that Hepatitis B virus is closely related with hepatocellular carcinoma, however, its prevalence is moderately high (2-3%) in Japan. The relationship between drinking and liver cancer is examined by 3 different type of studies. First, more than 13,000 male alcoholics were followed for 9.9 years in average. Their incidence rate of liver cancer was 1.4 times higher than that of general population. Second, the case-control study of liver cancer among HBs antigen positives revealed that drinking habit was related with liver cancer even after adjusted with smoking habits. Lastly hospital based case-control study also showed the positive relationship between drinking habit and liver cancer. The relationship between smoking and liver cancer is still unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical study of the vulvar Paget's disease: report of 8 cases].

Between 1949 and 1987, 8 cases of the vulvar Paget's disease were treated at the Cancer Institute Hospital. These cases constituted 9.5% of the total number of the vulvar malignancies at our hospital during the same period. The clinicopathological findings were described. The average age was 73.3 years. The most frequent symptom was vulvar eczematous change with itching, which was seen in 7 cases (87.5%). About 5 years was required from onset of the disease until diagnosis. Vulvar cytologic examination revealed positive for cancer in 5 out of 8 cases (62.5%). One patient developed squamous cell carcinoma of the face. All patients underwent operation. Two patients had preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy by Bleomycin which was not effective histologically. Five patients had a underlying invasive tumor (62.5%) at initial therapy. The 5-year survival rate was 50.0%. Prognosis of the vulvar Paget's disease appears to be poor.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Recent advances in ultrasonographic diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was estimated by checking against the regional cancer registry, and also the clinical features, major therapy, and prognosis of HCC cases diagnosed by initial US were examined for the two periods of 1980 and 1984. The number of patients with HCC was 83 of 4442 in 1980 and 86/3393 in 1984. As for the detectability of the tumor, the sensitivity improved from 94.0% to 96.5%. Regarding the ability to confirm the detected tumor to be HCC, the sensitivity improved from 53.0% to 68.6% without decrease in the specificity of 99.9%. The size and number of nodules were more accurately diagnosed in 1984, and cases with small (less than or equal to 4 cm) single nodule increased from 2% to 9%. Active therapy was performed in more cases and the 2-year survival rate increased from 9% to 20%. The remarkable improvement was achieved in the diagnostic accuracy of US for HCC during 4 years from 1980 to 1984.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Successful treatment of a patient with recurrent ovarian cancer by lentinan combined with intraarterial 5FU].

A patient with ovarian cancer recurrent in the pelvis showed partial response to consecutive intraarterial (IA) cisplatin (CDDP) combined with continuous IA 5FU treatment and received third look operation in which the recurrent tumor could not be completely removed. The biopsied specimen revealed that the histologic type of the recurrent tumor was papillary adenocarcinoma. Postoperative IA CDDP could not produce further effect against the remaining tumor. Thereafter, the patient has been treated ambulatorily with intravenous (IV) lentinan (2mg/wk) combined with IA 5FU (without CDDP) to date. Four months after the start of this therapy, the persistent tumor which became refractory to IA CDDP disappeared completely (CR). Such a remarkable effect was accompanied by the concurrent induction of significantly enhanced IL-2 production and increased ratio of Leu3a/Leu2a possibly by lentinan. At present, performance status of the patient is 0 (normal activity) and she has been free of disease for 6 months, which is confirmed by clinical assessment including physical examination, cytologic examination, CT, scintigraphy and B scope.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

Clinical study of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube: experience with 15 cases.

Between 1950 and 1986, fifteen cases of primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube were diagnosed and treated at the Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo. These cases constituted 0.14% of the total number of gynecologic malignancies at the hospital during that period. The average age of the 15 patients was 55.7 years. The most frequent symptom was atypical genital bleeding, seen in 12 cases (80%). Massive watery discharge was seen in 4 cases (27%). In preoperative cytologic examination, 6 cases (40%) were positive for cancer. All cases underwent operation as therapy. Postoperative irradiation, adjuvant chemotherapy, and/or second- or third-look operations were also performed. Histopathologically, all materials were found to be adenocarcinoma. Four cases were well differentiated, eight were moderately differentiated, and three were poorly differentiated. As for the prognosis, 7 patients were followed more than 5 years postoperatively. The 5-year survival rate was 57% (4/7). In stage I cancers, the 5-year survival rate was 80% (4/5). The prognosis of stage I cancer patients was estimated to be rather good.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Use of angio computed tomography to evaluate extent of endometrial carcinoma.

Patients with endometrial carcinoma underwent angio computed tomography (CT) prior to surgery to evaluate the extent of the carcinoma. The subjects of the study were 87 patients operated on at the Cancer Institute Hospital during the period 1983 to 1986. After preoperative bilateral internal iliac angiography, angio CT was performed using the already inserted catheters. Although the intact uterine wall was enhanced by the angio CT, the cancerous lesion was not, which permitted easy recognition of the cancerous lesion as a low-density area. To evaluate the degree of myometrial invasion, the minimal thickness of intact uterine wall was measured in the CT image, and was compared later with findings from the operative materials. The comparison showed that for all the patients, the minimal thickness of the intact uterine wall as shown in the CT image was comparable to the actual minimal thickness of the operative materials. Because depth of myometrial invasion is known as an important prognostic factor, measurement of the minimal thickness of the intact uterine wall as shown in the CT image is useful as an objective prognostic factor. Angio CT facilitates recognition of myometrial invasion preoperatively.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1989

Biopharmaceutical evaluation of sustained-release ethylcellulose microcapsules containing amoxicillin using beagle dogs.

A beta-lactam antibiotic, amoxicillin, was microencapsulated with ethylcellulose using a solvent evaporation process in liquid paraffin containing sorbitan tristearate as a dispersing agent, and the microcapsules obtained showed first-order drug release. Usage of the previous log-log relationship of cefadroxil between in vitro dissolution half-lives (T50) and the experimental release rate constants (k'r) of the drug in vivo, and the nomogram for the design of satisfactory sustained-release preparations resulted in the prediction that ethylcellulose microcapsules containing 60% amoxicillin would show the most effective sustained-release pattern. Prepared microcapsules containing various amounts of amoxicillin were administered to beagle dogs and it was found that above prediction was correct. In addition, a more precise log-log correlation concerning amoxicillin was also undertaken, good linearity was observed and the decline was very similar to that of cefadroxil.

Amoxicillin↗