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Biomedical subjects

I Chalmers

Publications and source records attributed to I Chalmers.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Very early neonatal seizure rate: a possible epidemiological indicator of the quality of perinatal care.

The most frequently cited objective of perinatal care is the prevention of mortality and morbidity; but there is no general agreement about the indices which should be used to assess the extent to which this broad objective is being achieved. As mortality and morbidity observed during the perinatal period may reflect pathological processes originating earlier in pregnancy, putative indices of perinatal care should ideally be evaluated in clinical experiments comparing different modes of practice. Also, because perinatal practice can affect mortality and morbidity in a reciprocal manner, it is important to define indices of both mortality and morbidity. Morbidity indices should preferably be based on neonatal clinical signs which are both unambiguous and strongly predictive of later morbidity. We propose that the frequency of neonatal seizures beginning within 48 h of birth should be considered as an index which may meet these criteria in respect of full-term babies.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Respiratory distress syndrome in infants of Cardiff residents during 1965-75.

The incidence of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) among singleton infants of Cardiff residents was greater during 1970-4 than in the preceding five years. This was consistent with changes in the distribution of gestational age and birth weight. Case fatality rates among infants with RDS fell only slightly during the period examined. Detailed examination of secular trends during 1965-75 suggested (a) that increased use of elective delivery without assessment of pulmonary maturity increases the risk of RDS, and (b) that innovations in the management of RDS during the early 1970s cannot be assumed to have had widespread impact on case fatality rates.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1977

Changes in distribution of gestational age and birth weight among firstborn infants of Cardiff residents.

We studied data on firstborn singleton infants born to primiparous Cardiff residents during the decade 1965-1974. Both mean birth weight and gestational age at delivery fell appreciably during 1965-74. Changes in maternal age, height, smoking habits, or history of abortion did not explain these findings. The increased proportion of infants weighing less than 2500 g may be explained by the overall reduction in gestational age at delivery, which, in turn, may have resulted from increased use of elective delivery during the second quinquennium.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗