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Biomedical subjects

I B Ushakov

Publications and source records attributed to I B Ushakov.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Contemporary aspects of aviation ophthalmic ergonomics].

The article tackle problems of ophthalmic ergonomics in contemporary aviation. The authors necessitate PC software to be put into practice of medical examination in pilots, stress efficacy of photorefraction surgery for vision rehabilitation and better occupational adequacy of pilots.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed2001

[Radiation risk in aircraft altitude flights].

The radiation risk in aircraft altitude flights was evaluated from calculated dose fields at the altitude of 10-30 km 0-90 degrees North modulated by the galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) in quiescent heliophysical periods. Results of dose measurements in flight are discussed in the light of present-day radiation limits. The authors suggest that pilots should be subsumed under the category of professionals who work with sources of ionizing radiation.

Aircraft↗
PubMed2001

[The role of the military medicine in preparation of the first manned space flight].

The authors summarize some most significant results of investigations and works in the field of cosmic medicine performed in military-and-medical institutions of the USSR during preparation of man's first space flights. It is shown that our first program of medical-and-biological support of piloted space flights--the program "Vostok"--was formed and practically realized with undoubted leading role of military-and-medical institutions together with the USSR Academy of sciences.

Aerospace Medicine↗
PubMed2001

[Cosmic radiobiology: major achievements].

There was conducted the analysis of investigations and works performed by radiobiologists of our country with the purpose to provide the safety of piloted space flights. It was shown that by their efforts the system of radiation safety for the crews of space flying machines was created. Leading role of the Institute dealing with the problems of aviation and cosmic medicine, RF MD is emphasized.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2001

[Human performance against acute alcohol intoxication].

Analyzed were quantitative literary data on the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on performance. Reviewed were impacts of various doses of alcohol on the psychophysiological parameters and intricate sensorimotor functions of flying human operator. Alcohol was found to be unfavorable to the vestibular function and, therefore, predisposing to traffic and flight accidents. Hence, the alcohol CNS effects give rise to behavioral and psychophysiological disturbances. The psychophysiological disturbances are impaired concentration and dynamic visual function as a whole, deteriorated light differentiation ability and information perception, short-term amnesia, altered alertness and block, and associated lack of self-criticism and self-control.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2001

[Morpho-functional status of the thyroid gland and large cell hypothalamus nuclei in the ionizing irradiation and ethanol].

Morphofunctional state of the thyroid and nuclei in the hypothalamic large cells was examined following exposure to ionizing radiation at the dose of 20 Gy without and with ethanol administration (2.25 g/kg) before or after exposure. The highest thyroid radioprotecting effect of the ethyl alcohol was achieved when introduced before exposure as it reduced apoptosis of thyrocytes and balanced the disturbances in colloid amino acids iodination. As for nuclei of the hypothalamic large cells, the radiomodifying effect of ethanol was synergic when introduced before and potential amplifying after the radiation exposure being manifested by distinct activation and ensuing overstrain and exhaustion of the neurosecretory cells. Analysis of the experimental data suggests causality of the thyroid protecting effect of ethanol by functional hyperactivation of supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei in the hypothalamus.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Vital lines of improving the system of eco-hygienic safety].

Trends in the quality of social and professional health are one of the key indicators of ecological safety for population. Consideration is given to the problems of prevention of the adverse consequences of bad ecology to health of various groups of population. The authors propose development of an eco-hygienic system that would include a whole set of research, management, methodical, and certification activities, means and services. The system will enable to safeguard the right of each citizen to be protected from the effects of harmful eco-factors and to have access to respective preventive and corrective procedures.

Ecosystem↗
PubMed2001

[Mitotic activity of epithelium in crypts of rats' empty intestine and tissue basophils in the event of intestinal syndrome of radiation disease treated with poly-radio-modification].

In the experiment with white mongrel puberal male rats, morphological and statistical methods were used to study mitotic activity (MA) in the crypt epithelium in the empty intestine and morphofunctional state of tissue basophils (TB) in the intercrypt stroma after a single gamma-irradiation at the dose of 10 Gy and polyradiomodification including exposure to EMR in the UHF range (2.4 GHz, 10 mW/cm2, 2.5 min), normobaric oxygen (NO) or hypoxic gaseous mixture (HGM) containing 8% of O2 and 92% of N2. Polyradiomodification with the use of EMR and HGM or NO was found to be more effective as compared with the use of each of these radioprotective methods separately. A combination of EMR + HGM + II gave more apparent and earlier effect of MA recovery and TB activation as compared to EMR + NO + II.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Remote sequelae of conditionally small dosages of irradiation (literature review)].

In the article the information concerning epidemiological aspects of radiation (Study the further consequences of low doses of irradiation) at the human population. Here was demonstrated that the difficulty of interpretation of resultates is conditioned by outside and inside causes in answer to the influence of radiation. Also was shown that the human biology, condition of environmental, unhealthy habites, etc. have got the great importance.

Adolescent↗