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Biomedical subjects

I Altorjay

Publications and source records attributed to I Altorjay.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Hematologic aspects of inflammatory bowel diseases].

Anaemia, thrombocytosis are common secondary changes in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), reflecting the clinical severity of the IBD cases, too. On the other hand, increased platelet function, fibrinolytic abnormalities, hypercoagulation of IBD patients predispose to thromboembolic events, and they may as well contribute to the local microcirculatory alterations leading to IBD itself. Reduced FXIII levels have been observed in IBD, which seems to be correlated with mucosal repair and might have therapeutic importance, too. Genetic thrombophilia received much attention recently, however, much less is known how frequent they are in IBD, what their clinical significance is, do they modify the clinical course itself. A short, concise review about links between haematology and IBD is given.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1999

[Diagnostic possibilities in gastric leiomyoma in relation to two of our cases].

Two cases of rare, benignant gastric tumors are reported. The suggest that while in the diagnosis of tumors with a mucous membrane involvement endoscopy has doubtless a leading role, tumors not infiltrating the mucous membrane are usually better recognizable by radiological (ultrasonography, computer tomography and double contrast x-ray) methods. An appropriate diagnosis followed by surgical removal of the tumor might result in a complete healing of the patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Detection of Helicobacter pylori in tissue samples of stomach cancer].

The role of Helicobacter pylori in the carcinogenesis of the stomach has been recognised both in intestinal and diffuse forms. The occurrence of the bacterium was studied in this report, with various methods in biopsy samples from the cancerous stomach, as well as the presence of associated gastritis and metaplasia related to the histological type. Retrospective histological examination were performed on endoscopic biopsy samples from 124 patients with distal stomach cancer using haematoxillin-eosin and Giemsa staining and immunohistochemical tests. Out of the 124 samples 69 (55.64%) was positive: 48 with Giemsa staining and further 21 samples showed immunohistochemical positivity on atrophic gastritis samples despite negative Giemsa staining. In view of the presence of gastritis and metaplasia significant difference (p < 0.001) was found between the positive and negative cases. The ratio of the Helicobacter pylori positive samples was high both for intestinal and diffuse type carcinomas. Our results suggest that the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection is important in the development of both types of carcinoma, nevertheless, the hystological type of the tumor is also decisively influenced by the onset of action of other more direct local eliciting factors.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1998

[Current status of the management of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage at a specialized hospital unit].

The prevalence of bleeding of the gastrointestinal tract is around 100/100,000 adults/year. These events need special diagnostic and therapeutic approach, which previously was located mostly to surgical departments. At the beginning of 1996 a specialized ward ("gastrointestinal bleeding unit, GBU") was created at the 2nd Dept. Medicine of the University Medical School of Debrecen. The authors give an account about their experiences with the first 250 cases, try to establish the optimal and necessary conditions and analyse the consequences of their newly developed "risk-score" system. The overall mortality was 9% during this period and surgical intervention proved to be necessary in only 10 cases. On the basis of the collected experiences, they are convinced that the described and elaborated model can well be used for the proper, up-to-date management of gasrointestinal bleeding disorders. As next they suggest an overall, regional organisation of such units, together with the correct determination and provision of the financial background.

Female↗
PubMed1998

[The role and significance of the most important known cytokines in inflammatory bowel diseases].

Several theories have already been postulated in connection with the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, yet none of them has been approved. Recently increasing attention has been payed to different cytokines, playing central role in the development of inflammatory processes. In the intestinal mucosa of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases increasing amounts of interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and platelet activating factor (PAF) could be measured. On the other hand, antiinflammatory cytokines seem to be ineffective, or being present in insufficient amount (IL-4 and IL-10 respectively). It is therefore probable, that altered ratios of cytokines, or pathologic regulation of their production lead to progression of inflammation in IBD. Influence of cytokine production may open new therapeutic approach, e.g. IL-10 enema proved to be effective in the treatment of some cases of steroid-resistant ulcerative colitis, while intravenous administration was useful in Crohn's disease. A brief, comprehensive review of our present knowledge about cytokines in IBD is given.

Cytokines↗
PubMed1997

Effect of L-arginine on in vitro plasmin-generation and fibrinogenolysis.

L-arginine ahs received much attention in numerous aspects of the regulation of vascular tone and haemostasis. L-arginine seems to be capable to bind to plasminogen, too. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the action of L-arginine on in vitro plasmin generation and fibrino(geno)lysis by chromogenic, kinetic plasmin generation assay and electrophoretic analysis. The acceleration of tPA-induced plasmin generation in the presence of low concentration of L-arginine, along with augmentation of in vitro fibrinogenolysis have been documented. L-arginine may have a role in the modification of fibrinogenolysis, and this role should be considered if arginine is used as an element of some novel antithrombotic agents.

Arginine↗
PubMed1997

[Nitrogen monoxide (NO) in the function of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver].

This review is concerning with the endothel derived relaxing factor (EDRF) discovered in 1980 and identified as NO in 1987 in the function and activities of the gastrointestinal tract and the liver. It is of importance, that NO seems to basic mediator of the so called nonadrenerg-noncholinerg inhibitory innervation of the bowel, and also takes part in the regulation of mucosal blood supply and secretory function. In portal hypertension elevated cGMP is found in the urine, as evidence of increased nitrogen oxide synthase (NOS) activity. NO may act both as hepatoprotective and cytotoxic factor in the free radical reactions of several liver disease.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of paracetamol on the acid hemolysis of erythrocytes, with special reference to the intracellular glutathione level].

The authors give account of their study concerning the effect of paracetamol on the acid haemolysis, and glutathione content of human erythrocytes. In vitro, paracetamol decreased intracellular glutathione content in a dose dependent manner. This may lead to an increased sensitivity of erythrocytes to the haemolytic effect of hydrochloric acid, what may explain the dose dependent decrease of time of haemolysis, presented in form of dynamic haemolysis curve. In vivo four hours following the oral intake of 500 mg paracetamol, although the intracellular glutathione content did not decrease significantly, shortening of the time of acid haemolysis could be demonstrated in more than half of the persons studied. No haemolysis was caused by the given dose of the drug.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1992

[Newest method for the detection of chronic intestinal ischemia: color Doppler sonography].

Authors describe the case of a patient with chronic abdominal pain due to the occlusion of the superior mesenteric and the significant stenosis of the inferior mesenteric artery, discovered by color-Doppler ultrasonography. The role of this new non-invasive method in the diagnose of chronic intestinal ischaemia is emphasized. It seems to be suitable for the replacement of angiography also in the postoperative period.

Female↗
PubMed1992

The effect of silibinin (Legalon) on the the free radical scavenger mechanisms of human erythrocytes in vitro.

The effect of Legalon was investigated parallel with that of Adriblastina (doxorubicin) and paracetamol on some parameters characterizing the free radical scavenger mechanisms of human erythrocytes in vitro and on the time of acid hemolysis performed in aggregometer. Observations suggest that Adriblastina enhances the lipid peroxidation of the membrane of red blood cells, while paracetamol causes significant depletion of intracellular glutathione level, thus decreasing the free radical eliminating capacity of the glutathione peroxidase system. Legalon on the other hand, is able to increase the activity of both superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, which may explain the protective effect of the drug against free radicals and also the stabilizing effect on the red blood cell membrane, shown by the increase of the time of full haemolysis.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1991

[Effect of SIN 1 on the interactions of endothelial cells and thrombocytes].

A new method has been developed to investigate the direct effect of endothelial cells on platelet aggregation in the presence of cultured confluent human EC monolayers. The inside of the disk shaped cuvettes are covered by human umbilical vein ECs. The cuvettes rotate in the light beam of a photometer. In these cuvettes the effect of different aggregation inducers was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, e. g. for collagen at 0.5 microgram/ml, ADP at 5 x 10(-7) M, epinephrine at 5 x 10(-7) M and thrombin at 0.05 U/ml final concentration. (Platelet count 5 x 10(5)/microliters). Higher concentrations of the inducers led to irreversible platelet aggregation and were used for testing of antiplatelet drugs. In this system we detected a synergism between the antiaggregatory effect of the EC monolayer and that of SIN 1 (Cassella, Frankfurt/Main) the main metabolite of Molsidomine. 10 micrograms/ml PRP of SIN 1 alone partially inhibited platelet aggregation induced by 1 microgram/ml collagen and 10(-6) M ADP respectively in uncovered aggregation cuvettes. In the presence of an EC monolayer complete inhibition of platelet aggregation was obtained at a 5-fold final concentration of both inducers. After pretreatment of ECs with 1 mmol ASA over 30 min. the antiaggregatory effect of SIN 1 decreased, but was more pronounced (50%) than in uncovered cuvettes (25%).

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1989

Changes of spontaneous and induced platelet aggregation in the presence of a human endothelial cell monolayer.

A new, simple method has been developed for the investigation of platelet aggregation in the presence of a cultured confluent human endothelial cell monolayer, in disk shaped rotating cuvettes, without magnetic stirring. The endothelial cells inhibited the aggregating effect of several inducers in a concentration dependent manner. At a platelet count of 5 x 10(5)/microliter in PRP e.g. the aggregating effect of 1 microgram/microliter thrombin was completely abolished. Spontaneous aggregation was also prevented by the EC-monolayer. A correlation could be established between the inhibitory effect of ECs and the number of platelets. In PRP with a platelet count of 7 x 10(-5)/microliters the inhibitory effect of the endothelial cell monolayer significantly decreased.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Protein C and apoprotein levels in ischemic heart disease diagnosed by coronarography].

The levels of protein C and different lipid parameters were measured in 22 patients, younger than 50 years, suffering from coronary heart disease, proved previously by angiography. The severity of coronariasclerosis showed certain correlation with the concentration of apolipoprotein B and triglycerids, while low levels of protein C were also mainly observed in those with severe coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Cytochemical examination of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase enzymes in low-grade B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

The differential diagnostic significance of acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase were studied in 77 cases of low-grade B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In most cases the results of cytochemical enzyme studies performed on malignant cells of the bone marrow were evaluated. B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, centrocytic and centroblastic/centrocytic lymphomas were characterized by a weak or a negative acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activity. Stronger positivity was observed in immunocytoma and in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia, while the highest activity was found in multiple myeloma. Hairy cell leukaemia of B cell origin showed intensive tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity. The cytochemical examination of these lysosomal enzymes may be useful in the diagnosis of low-grade malignant lymphomas of B cell origin by completing other methods.

Acid Phosphatase↗