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Biomedical subjects

I A More

Publications and source records attributed to I A More.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

The muscle findings in the neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with lysergic acid diethylamide.

A detailed pathological description of the muscle findings in a case of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) following ingestion of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is given, including the first ultrastructural analysis. Focal necrosis, oedema, and hypercontraction of fibres with glycogen and lipid depletion, were identified, all of which had resolved completely a year later. The findings are compared with those in malignant hyperthermia. It is suggested that the results support the view that in NMS, the muscle rigidity is due to central mechanisms and, in both this disorder and malignant hyperthermia, it is responsible for the hyperpyrexia and its life-threatening complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The glomerular peripolar cell: a review.

There is now morphological evidence from several species that the peripolar cell is a distinctive glomerular cell which may have a secretory function, although a secretory product has not been identified. Peripolar cells, like other glomerular epithelial cells, probably absorb plasma proteins from the glomerular filtrate. Peripolar cells may participate in regulation of sodium balance and the changes in renal function which occur at the time of birth. They are ideally situated to monitor the composition of the glomerular filtrate and/or the calibre of the glomerular arterioles. The relationship between peripolar cells and other granulated glomerular epithelial cells must be clarified, however their morphology and unique anatomical site is suggestive of a specialised function.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

The peripolar cell: a distinctive cell type in the mammalian glomerulus. Morphological evidence from a study of sheep.

We used scanning electron microscopy to study the glomerular peripolar cell in the kidneys of seven sheep. Peripolar cells were present in a variable proportion (3.6-100%) of glomeruli. Although on average two peripolar cells were present at each vascular pole, up to ten were seen on occasion. They were more often related to the afferent than to the efferent arteriole. Mapping the relative position of each cell failed to reveal any zonal distribution in the renal cortex. Scanning electron microscopy showed that they were globular in shape and had a bossellated surface. We showed by examination of cells which had been broken open that this appearance was due to the presence of cytoplasmic granules that produced bulging of the cell membrane. We suggest that scanning electron microscopy is a suitable method for studying this cell in the mammalian kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A scanning electron-microscopic study of the peripolar cell of the rat renal glomerulus.

The interior of Bowman's capsules of rat kidneys has been examined by scanning electron microscopy, and a distinctive population of cells around the exposed vascular poles of glomerular tufts were identified. The cells were situated in the annular groove at the root of the glomerulus, between the parietal epithelial cells and the podocytes. These peripolar cells were dendritic cells with long processes embracing the glomerular arterioles. Up to three peripolar cells were present at each vascular pole and they were mainly distributed in the glomeruli of the outer third of the renal cortex. This first detailed study of the surface morphology of the glomerular peripolar cell supports the suggestion that changes in the diameter of the polar region of the glomerular tuft may cause variations in stretching of the cuff of peripolar cells, and hence modulation of their secretory activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Endomyocardial biopsy pathology in insulin-dependent diabetic patients with abnormal ventricular function.

We have previously shown impaired ventricular function in asymptomatic middle-aged type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients who had no evidence of coronary artery disease. The diabetic patients had normal coronary angiograms but reduced ventricular ejection fraction on exercise. To examine the possible contribution of small vessel disease to this functional abnormality, we compared endomyocardial biopsies from seven symptom-free type 1 diabetic patients with biopsies from seven age- and sex-matched non-diabetic subjects. Interstitial fibrosis was present in three diabetic patients, arteriolar hyalinization in three patients and arteriolar thickening was observed in five patients. Morphometry performed on electron micrographs showed no significant difference in the thickness of the capillary basal lamina between diabetics and controls. While the functional significance of the abnormalities on light microscopy is unclear, our findings indicate that the abnormality of cardiac function described in diabetes is not associated with thickening of the myocardial capillary basal lamina.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Immunohistological observations of rat fetal pancreas allografts transplanted into unmodified and cyclosporine-treated recipients.

Administration of CsA (15 mg/kg/day) prolonged the survival of DA (RT1a) rat fetal pancreas transplanted to the renal subcapular site of both PVG (RT1c) and Lewis (RT1(1] recipients. Sections of fetal pancreas examined 40 days after transplantation into allogeneic CsA-treated recipients showed growth and development of the fetal pancreas tissue, and the presence of numerous insulin-containing islets. CsA treatment prevented the induction of MHC antigen within allografts. Whereas at day 4, both rejecting and CsA treated grafts showed donor class I MHC expression on duct epithelium and islet cells, only rejecting grafts displayed class I MHC induction on acinar cells. Rejecting grafts showed strong induction of class II MHC antigen expression on duct epithelium from day 4 onward but this was completely prevented by CsA treatment. Islet cells in both rejecting and CsA treated allografts remained class II-negative throughout. CsA also resulted in a reduction in the day 6 cellular infiltrate of allografts (median area leukocyte infiltrate reduced from 43% to 10%) with a marked decrease in the number of MRC OX-8-positive cells. These results show a favorable effect of CsA on rat fetal pancreas allografts with a reduction in MHC antigen expression within the graft and prolonged survival of insulin-rich endocrine tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Residual cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after laser ablation.

Some patients with histologically proven residual cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after laser ablation have false negative cytology. The explanation for this is not known, but there was no evidence of buried lesions. Follow-up of all patients treated by selective ablation is necessary. Cytology alone is inadequate and careful, accurate pre- and posttherapy colposcopy is essential.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1987

Interstitial nephritis and primary biliary cirrhosis: a new association?

Interstitial nephritis may be associated with a variety of auto-immune disorders, but there have been no reports among these of primary biliary cirrhosis. A patient presenting with sodium- and potassium-losing nephropathy due to interstitial nephritis was discovered to have primary biliary cirrhosis which was asymptomatic. Correction of the electrolyte abnormalities with sodium and potassium supplements had no effect on renal function, but creatinine clearance increased from 28 to 68 ml/minute during a seven-week course of prednisolone. The occurrence in primary biliary cirrhosis of other forms of renal tubular dysfunction, the frequent presence in both interstitial nephritis and primary biliary cirrhosis of multi-system involvement and the close temporal relationship in this patient, suggest that the two conditions were related.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

The granular peripolar cell of the human glomerulus: an ultrastructural study.

Normal human kidneys were examined for the presence of granular peripolar cells. The prominent feature of the human peripolar cell was the presence of numerous cytoplasmic membrane-bound granules, which had the appearance of secretory granules. Most of the granules had a homogeneous matrix with no crystalline substructure. We found no examples of exocytosis, but there were many complex invaginations of the cell membrane. The ultrastructural features of the human peripolar cell are those of a secretory epithelial cell.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1985

The histopathology and electron microscopy of a human monkeypox lesion.

The histological and electron microscopic findings from a solitary cutaneous monkeypox lesion taken post mortem from a child who died after a five-day illness are reported. This child is 44th in the WHO register of monkeypox cases. The lesion was at the papulonecrotic stage, with early evidence of vesiculation and minimal evidence of pustulation. Necrosis affected the stratum basale, the related basement membrane and adjacent areas of the dermal papillae at the centre of the lesion. Cell necrosis affected the next two or three layers of stratum spinosum above the destroyed stratum basale. Lateral to this zone, marked hyperplasia and intracellular oedema of the stratum spinosum constituted the papule and produced spindle-cell features. In the middle layer of the stratum spinosum, above the necrotic focus, there were minute vesicles and between these were occasional multinuclear giant cells. Bodies similar to Guarnieri bodies (GB) were present in the cytoplasm of sweat duct-lining cells in the epidermis and upper corium. Very scanty similar bodies were evident elsewhere in the papular epidermis but were difficult to distinguish from debris. Granules in the lesion with the same size as mature virions (elementary bodies) have been assessed not to be these because similar granules are present in the normal epidermis. Changes in the dermis apart from those mentioned above were minimal oedema, very mild perivascular infiltration by round cells and an occasional eosinophil. Electron microscopy showed abundant immature and mature orthopoxvirus particles in the cytoplasms of infected epidermal cells. A limited range of histochemical tests is detailed. In general, the features are indistinguishable from the papulonecrotic stage of smallpox (variola) and from tanapox as recorded in man.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1984

Healing of cervical epithelium after laser ablation of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

Healing of cervical epithelium was studied in 30 patients after destruction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia using a carbon dioxide laser. Repeated examinations, using photography and colposcopically directed punch biopsies, were made from the eighth to the 32nd day after treatment. The biopsy specimens were submitted to examination by light and transmission electron microscopy. There was complete epithelial cover of the laser induced craters in all patients by 28 days. The base of the crater and endocervical edge became covered by columnar epithelial cells originating in endocervical crypts, while the vaginal edge re- epithelialised by an ingrowth of the surrounding squamous epithelium. Squamous metaplasia of the new columnar epithelium was a common observation as early as eight days after treatment. There was no evidence for a stromal contribution to epithelial cover.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1983

An ultrastructural and immunocytochemical study of a renal carcinoma secreting inactive renin.

This is a case report of a renal carcinoma which was secreting inactive renin. Using an antibody to human renin and the indirect immunoperoxidase technique, the renin-containing cells were localised within the tumour. These were found to be small granular cells situated in a perivascular position. The histological immunocytochemical and ultrastructural features of these cells are described.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

Establishment and characterization of human neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroblastoma cell lines.

The establishment in culture and characterization of 4 human neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines and 1 human ganglioneuroblastoma cell line are described. Each cell line fulfilled at least 2 of 4 criteria for malignant or transformed cells: viz., subcultured more than 70 times, high saturation density with absence of contact inhibition, population-doubling time within a range of 10-40 h, and tumour formation in nu/nu mice. Each cell line also fulfilled at least 2 of 3 criteria for neuroblastoma cells: viz., humoral and cell-mediated immune reactivity toward NB-associated cell-surface antigen, intracellular storage and extra-cellular secretion of catecholamines, and characteristic neuroblast and ganglion-cell morphology.

Animals↗