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Biomedical subjects

H Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to H Zhou.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Effects of MK-447 on platelet shape change, aggregation, and ATP release by collagen, ADP, and stable analogue of thromboxane A2 in rabbit platelets.

AIM: To investigate the effects of MK-447 on platelet shape change, aggregation, and ATP release by collagen (Col), ADP, and stable analogue of thromboxane A2 (STA2) in rabbits. METHODS: Platelet shape change and aggregation were quantified in light transmission by turbidimetric method and release reaction was assessed by the amount of ATP in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). RESULTS: (1) MK-447 100-700 mumol.L-1 caused only the shape change, which was not inhibited by indometacin 3 mumol.L-1. Platelet shape changes by Col, ADP, and STA2 were reduced (P < 0.01) after the addition of MK-447. The lag phase was prolonged (P < 0.01) in Col and shortened (P < 0.01) in ADP. (2) MK-447 reduced the aggregation by Col 5 mg.L-1 (P < 0.01), and enhanced that by ADP 0.3-10 mumol.L-1 and STA2 0.1-3 mumol.L-1 (P < 0.01). (3) The release reaction by STA2 1-3 mumol.L-1 was also increased (P < 0.01). The effects of MK-447 on STA2 were not inhibited by S-145. CONCLUSION: MK-447 induced the platelet shape change, and showed the dual effects, inhibition or enhancement, on the actions by different aggregating agents.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1999

[Surgical treatment of maxillary protrusion by osteotomy of both anterior jaws].

OBJECTIVE: In order to study the simple and practical surgical treatment of maxillary protrusion. METHODS: The wedge-shaped, subapical osteotomy of the maxilla and mandible was performed under local anesthesia. The procedure should not enter the nasal cavity. Some patients had preoperative or postoperative orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: The operation results in 46 patients were all satisfactory in terms of facial configuration and occlusion relationship. No complications occurred. CONCLUSION: This method is simple and less traumatic with good exposure of operative field and larger scope of movement. It is one of the ideal methods of surgical orthodontics for mild or medial maxillary and mandibular deformities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Study of relation between ureaplasma urealyticum and fetal intrauterine growth retardation].

OBJECTIVE: To study the influences of Ureaplasma Urealyticum (UU) infection to fetal intrauterine growth. METHODS: Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to detect UU in samples of cervical secretions, umbilical blood and placenta. The study group included 50 women with neonatal birth weight below 2,500 g, 50 women with newborns birth weight above 2,500 g served as control group. RESULTS: Positive rate of UU in samples of cord blood and placenta and placental chorioamnionitis in study group were higher than that in the control group (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of UU positive rate in cervical samples between two groups. The positive rate of UU in cases with chorioamnionitis was higher than that of cases with negative UU infection (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: UU may interfere fetal intrauterine growth through infecting umbilical blood and placenta.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Immunological studies on the cellular phenotype involved in corneal allograft rejection.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cellular phenotype involved in corneal allograft rejection using wholemounts analysis. METHODS: Corneal transplantation was performed between Sprague Dawley (SD) and Wistar rats. Corneal wholemounts were prepared from control rats and those after corneal transplantation on day 7 and 12. Immunohistochemical stain was performed on these wholemounts using monoclonal antibodies to transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-beta 1), CD3, CD4, CD8, B lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen. RESULTS: Corneal allograft rejection started on day 7 and reached its maximum from 10 to 14 days after corneal transplantation. Presence of TGF-beta 1-, CD3-, CD4-, CD8-, MHC class II-positive cells, macrophages and dendritic cells were noted at the limbus of both SD rats and Wistar rats. No positive cell was present in the central cornea of normal rats. All positive cells but B lymphocyte were noted in large numbers in the cornea after corneal allograft transplantation. Marked staining for TGF-beta 1 was noted during graft rejection. CONCLUSION: The corneal wholemounts technique provides a good visualization for the cellular phenotype involved in corneal allograft rejection. A variety of cells including TGF-beta 1, CD3, CD4, CD8, MHC class II antigen positive cells, macrophages and dendritic cells are involved in corneal allograft rejection. TGF-beta 1-positive cell might be an important immunosuppressive factor after corneal transplantation and also involved in the induction of fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Repairing the defects of volar surface of distal finger with a reverse insular fascial flap of dorsum of juxta positioned digit].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce a method for one-stage repair of skin defects of the volar surface of distal finger or fingers. METHODS: The reverse fascial flap was designed and created on the dorsum of the juxta positioned digit, and it was then rotated 180 degrees to cover the defects of the volar surface of the distal finger. Since May 1992, a total of 20 reverse fascial flaps were used to treat 14 patients. RESULTS: All flaps survived except one with partial necrosis. Follow-up of one half to one year showed satisfactory results functionally and cosmetically. The finger is plump but not swollen. CONCLUSION: The method is easy and effective. The surgical treatment requires short time and causes little pain. The flap has good blood supply, suitable thickness, softness and resistance to wear and tear.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Blocking effect of puerarin on calcium channel in isolated guinea pig ventricular myocytes.

OBJECTIVE: To identify whether Puerarin (Puer) has blocking effects on L-type calcium channel. METHODS: We used whole-cell recording of patch-clamp techniques to analyse calcium channel current in ventricular myocytes isolated from Langendorff guinea pig hearts by collagenase. RESULTS: In control group, peak calcium channel current was decreased by 10.6% and 29.8% at 5, 10 min of recording time, respectively. For the same period, 0.1 mmol/L Puer reduced calcium current by 23.9% and 72.4%. 0.1 and 1 mmol/L Puer inhibited the amplitude of peak Calcium channel current by 40.6% and 63.2% after perfusing for 10 min. Compared with control group in which "rundown" phenomenon was observed, Puer also demonstrated its blocking effect on L-type channel. While washout of Puer with perfusing solution, calcium channel current went down further instead of recovery. Current-voltage (I-V) curves showed that the levels of calcium channel current were obviously decreased by Puer (both 0.1 mmo/L and 1 mmo/L) form -40 mV to +10 mV. CONCLUSION: Puer has blocking effect on L-type calcium channel in a concentration dependent manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Significance of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in patients with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the significance of serum antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) and the effects of immune suppressive treatments on its activity in patients with pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (PICGN). METHODS: Serum ANCAs and myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA were detected by indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods respectively, and the renal tissues infiltrating cells including CD4+, CD8+, CD68+ and PCNA+ cells were determined by four-layer peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. The clinical manifestations, pathologic features and immune pathologic changes in patients with positive ANCAs were compared with that in patients with negative ANCAs. The effects of immune suppressive therapy on clinic and pathologic changes as well as ANCAs activity were also investigated in ANCAs positive and ANCAs negative patients. RESULTS: Both of clinic active manifestations such as the degree of hematuria, rapidly progressive renal failure and pathologic active features including segmental capillary necrosis and vasculitis were much common in patients with positive ANCAs as compared with that in patients with negative ANCAs. The number of infiltrating cells in renal tissue, especially CD4+ cells, was markedly higher in ANCAs positive patients than that in ANCAs negative patients. The effects of immune suppressive therapy were also much better in patients with positive ANCAs than that in patients with negative ANCAs. CONCLUSION: Serum ANCAs is not only a marker for diagnosis of systemic vasculitis, but also a sensitive predictor for evaluation of diseases' activity and treatment in patients with PICGN. The good effect of immune suppressive treatments on patients with PICGN is partially associated with the degree of ANCAs activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Effects of nitroglycerin on nitric oxide and endothelin derived from bronchial epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages in asthma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin(ET) derived from alveolar macrophages(AM) and bronchial epithelial cells (BEC), and the influences of nitroglycerin (NTG) on ET and NO in asthma. METHODS: BEC and AM from 15 patients with asthma exacerbation and 7 healthy control subjects were isolated and cultured for 48 hours. NO and ET levels in supernatants and expressions of iNOS-mRNA and ET-mRNA from cultured BEC and AM were examined by copper coated cadmiunm reduction, radioimmunoassay and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: The NO level and the ET level in supernatants, and expressions of iNOS-mRNA and ET-mRNA from BEC and AM of the untreated group were higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05, respectively); The NO level from BEC and AM in supernatants of NTG pretreated group were elevated significantly and the ET level and the expression of iNOS-mRNA and ET-mRNA were lower than those of asthma untreated group (P < 0.05, respectively); The NO, ET levels and expressions of iNOS-mRNA, ET-mRNA derived from AM were higher than those derived from BEC in patients with asthma (P < 0.05, respectively); expression of iNOS-mRNA from BEC and AM were negatively correlated with the NO level in supernatants of cultured BEC and AM from the group pretreated by NTG in asthma (r = -0.60, r = -0.59; P < 0.01). While the expression of iNOS-mRNA and ET-mRNA by BEC and AM from other groups were positively correlated with the NO level and the ET level in supernatants of BEC and AM in asthma (all r > or = 0.902; P < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: BEC and AM from patients with asthma exacerbation secreted a large quantity of NO and ET because of the increased expressions of iNOS-mRNA and ET-mRNA; AM was the main source of elevated NO and ET in airways of patients with asthma exacerbation. NTG directly enhanced the production of NO and significantly inhibited the expression of ET-mRNA, and therefore decreased the production of ET.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The roles of oxygen free radicals and superoxide dismutase in the inflammatory injury in animal oral mucosa].

OBJECTIVE: To study the roles of oxygen free radicals (OFRs) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the inflammatory injury in animal oral mucosa. METHODS: 1. The animal model was established in which an acute oral mucosal inflammation was induced by OFRs. Enzyme histological methods and biochemical methods were used respectively to investigate the activities of some important enzymes such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase and the amount of aminohexoses in the lesions; 2. Electron spin resonance and radioimmunoassay were ultilize respectively to study the effects of exogenous SOD on the amount of OFRs and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) in the lesions. RESULTS: 1. The activities of the enzymes in the oral lesions decreased and the amount of aminohexoses increased significantly; 2. Local administrating SOD could reduce the amount of OFRs and PGE2 in the lesions sufficiently. CONCLUSION: OFRs induced the inflammatory lesion by injuring some important enzymes and connective tissues in the oral mucosa. Local administrating SOD could scavenge OFRs and PGE2 in the oral mucosa sufficiently and reduce the degree of OFRs--induced oral mucosal inflammatory injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The effects of Xuezhikang on serum lipid profile, thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin in patients with hyperlipidemia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of Xuezhikang on lipid profile, thromboxane (TX) A(2), prostacyclin (PGI(2)) in patients with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: 91 patients with hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into a treatment group (n = 47, Xuezhikang 1.2 g/d Bid, p.o) and control group (n = 44, gemfibrozil 1.2 g/d Bid, p.o). serum lipids, TXB(2) and 6-Keto-PGF(1alpha) were determined before and 8 weeks after the treatment. RESULTS: (1) After 8 weeks of treatment, the level of serum total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased by 21.6% (P < 0.01) and 33.3% (P < 0. 01) in the Xuezikang group and by 20.4% (P < 0.01) and 24.8% (P < 0.01) in the gemfibrozil group respectively. Serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level elevated by 33.7% in the Xuezhikang group (P < 0.01) and 26.9% in the gemfibrozil group (P < 0.01). The effect of Xuezhikang was the same as gemfibrozil. There was no statistically significant difference between the effects of these two drugs. Triglyceride (TG) level decreased by 23.3% in the Xuezhikang group (P < 0.01) and 40.3% in the gemfibrozil group (P < 0.01). TG lowering effect of gemfibrozil was superior to that of Xuezhikang (P < 0.05). (2) The level of lipoprotein (a) [LP (a)] in the plasma decreased by 28.2% (P < 0.01) in the Xuezhikang group and by 4.9% (P > 0.05) in the gemfibrozil group. LP (a) lowering effect of Xuezhikang was superior to that of gemfibrozil (P < 0.01). (3)The Level of thromboxane (TX) B(2) in the plasma decreased by 34.2% in the Xuezhikang group (P < 0.01) and by 8.4% in the gemfibrozil group (P < 0.01). TXB(2) lowering effect of Xuezhikang was superior to that of gemfibrozil (P < 0.01). The level of 6-KetO-PGF(1alpha) in the plasma elevated by 65.4% in the Xuezhikang group (P < 0.01) and by 11.7% in the gemfibrozil group (P < 0.01); the effect of Xuezhikang was superior to that of gemfibrozil (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Xuezhikang could markedly decrease the level of TC and LDL-C and elevate that of HDL-C in patients with hyperlipidemia and the effects of Xuezhikang were the same as those of gemfibrozil. TG lowering effect of gemfibrozil was superior to that of Xuezhikang, but Xuezhikang could markedly decrease the level of Lp (a) and regluate the balance between TXA(2) and PGI(2), its effect being superior to that of gemfibrozil.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Analysis of MRI and CT manifestations of paranasal sinuses and orbitocranial disorders with secondary exophthalmos].

OBJECTIVE: To study the MRI and CT manifestations of paranasal sinuses and orbitocranial disorders with secondary exophthalmos. METHODS: MRI and CT scans of 51 patients were examined. RESULTS: MRI offers more information for evaluation of soft tissue lesions; the cavernous hemangioma and dermoid cyst were found to present rather characteristic images. Whereas in evaluation of lesions involving bony structures and calcifications, CT was superior to MRI. CONCLUSION: CT and MRI may evaluate the tumor location, extension into adjacent areas and are valuable in differential diagnosis of paranasal sinuses and orbitocranial disorder with secondary exophthalmos.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Alteration of blood glucose, insulin and lipid in the offsprings of patients with essential hypertension].

We prospectively investigated the serum insulin, glucose and serum lipoproteins in 40 normotensive offsprings(test group) of parents with essential hypertension compared with 35 normotensive offsprings (control group) of the normotensive families. Compared with control group, the test group was significantly elevated in fasting serum insulin levels(6.82 +/- 2 vs 4.02 +/- 1.7 microU.ml-1) (P < 0.05), fasting serum glucose(4.32 +/- 0.4 vs 3.84 +/- 0.5 mmol.L-1), serum total triglycerides(1.97 +/- 0.8 vs 1.32 +/- 0.5 mmol.L-1), total cholesterol(Tch) (5.13 +/- 1.0 vs 4.24 +/- 0.6 mmol.L-1), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.82 +/- 1.0 vs 2.24 +/- 0.7 mmol.L-1), very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.02 +/- 0.4 vs 0.66 +/- 0.27 mmol.L-1), high density lipoprotein cholesterol/Tch ratio (0.27 +/- 0.08 vs 0.33 +/- 0.07 mmol.L-1). While post-glucose load the serum insulin and glucose level after glucose load were much higher (P < 0.01) in the test group than that in controls. The findings demonstrated that young normotensive offsprings of parents with hypertension had excellent health, they had an impairment of insulin-mediated glucose disposal, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia. These findings supported that a common hereditary defect exits in familial trait for essential hypertension and disturbance of carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism may be detected before or at least at very early stage of the development of essential hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Survey on the current status of drinking water supply, latrines and the health knowledge of residents in the remote rural areas of several provinces of China].

A survey on the current status of drinking water supply, latrines and the health knowledge of residents in the remote rural areas of the southwest and northwest of China was reported. A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted in the survey. 83 poverty countries and 74,900 families were involved in the survey and four hundred thousands data were obtained by home visiting. The results showed that the coverage of rural latrines, sanitary latrines and safe night-soil disposal in the surveyed regions had reached 90.0%, 6.0% and 25.0% of populations respectively. The coverage of safe-drinking water was 57.6% of homes and no adequate supply of drinking water was 13.2% of homes; Many responders in the survey did not have the knowledge related to intestinal infectious diseases. There were 42.3% of them not knowing that night-soil was the source of infectious diseases, 56.2% of them not knowing that fly could spread infectious diseases and 70.0%-82.7% of them not knowing the ways of spreading intestinal infectious disease.

China↗
PubMed1999

[Roles of sex hormones and oxygen free radical in coronary heart disease].

To examine the roles of sex hormones and oxygen free radical(OFR) in coronary heart disease (CHD), the serum estradiol(E2), testosterone(T), SOD, MDA and lipid levels were measured in 44 postmenopausal women with CHD and 22 health women. Mean levels of T and MDA were significantly higher while mean levels of SOD and E2 were significantly lower in CHD group than those in control group. On relative analysis, there was a positive correlation between E2 and SOD, while a negative correlation was observed between T and MDA in CHD group. Eighteen postmenopausal women with CHD had been receiving nilestriol replacement therapy for 12 weeks. The serum SOD and HDL-C/TC levels increased significantly, but LDL-C and MDA decreased significantly. The overall data suggest that OFR plays an important role in CHD; Low E2 levels is a risk factor of CHD in postmenopausal women; Nilestriol replacement therapy can improve the metabolism of serum lipids and inhibit lipid peroxidation, therefore, it may be of benefit to postmenopausal women with CHD.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Study on the relationship between plasma endothelin nitric oxide concentration and renal hypertension and renal function].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between plasma endothelin(ET), nitric oxide(NO) levels and, renal hypertension and renal function. METHODS: The plasma concentration of ET-1 was detected by immunofluorescence assay. The plasma concentration of NO was detected by biochemistry assay. RESULTS: 1. In renal disease patients, plasma concentration ET-1 was markedly elevated, and plasma concentration of NO was decreased, compared with the healthy subjects(P < 0.01). 2. Plasma concentration of ET-1 was markedly increased and plasma concentration of NO was decreased in the patients with renal hypertension. 3. Plasma level of ET-1 was higher, and plasma level of NO was lower in the patients with renal function damage than that of those without renal function damage. 4. BP, BUN and Scr were positively correlated with plasma ET-1, but they were negatively correlated with plasma concentration of NO. CONCLUSION: Plasma ET-1 and NO may play an important role in pathogenesis of renal hypertension; the change of their levels may be related to the progress of these renal diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[A role of nitric oxide and endothelin in bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with mild and middle asthma].

OBJECTIVES: To probe into a role of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin(ET) in bronchial hyperreactivity(BHR) in patients with mild and middle asthma. METHODS: MchPC20 was used as an index to evaluate BHR in the asthmatic patients. Endothelin and NO level in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid(BALF) obtained from 15 patients with attacking asthma(Group I), 8 patients with stable asthma (Group II) and 7 healthy control subjects (Group III) were examined by radioimmunoassay and copper coated cadmium reduction method, respectively. RESULTS: 1. MchPC20 and FEV1% in Group III were slightly higher than those in Group I (P < 0.05), and lower than those in Group III (P < 0.05), respectively; 2. NO and ET levels in BALF from Group I were higher than those from Group II and Group III (P < 0.05), respectively; 3. ET/NO ratio in Group I was higher than that in Group III (P < 0.05) and lower than that in Group II (P > 0.05); 4. NO and ET level in BALF from Group I were positively and negatively correlated with MchPC20, respectively(r = 0.83, P < 0.01; r = 0.75, P < 0.01); the correlation of NO and ET level in BALF from Group I was negative (r = 0.70, P < 0.01); 5. NO and ET levels in BALF and ET/NO ratio from Group II were slightly higher than those from Group III (P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: NO may improve and ET exacerbate BHR in patients with mild and middle asthma. Bronchial hyperreactivity of the patients with stable asthma displays lightly abnormal, which may be due to mild abnormality of NO, ET levels and ET/NO ratio in BALF.

Adult↗