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Biomedical subjects

H Zeumer

Publications and source records attributed to H Zeumer.

106 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Paradoxical embolism with preferential localisation to the cerebral vessels].

Massive paradoxical embolism with cerebral symptoms developed at 30 hours after abdominal hysterectomy in a 53-year-old woman. An essential condition for the occurrence of paradoxical embolism is an increased pressure in the lesser circulation; the most frequent cause is massive pulmonary embolism which, however, may take a relatively mild course if there is adequate right to left shunting. The absence of clinical signs of pulmonary embolism does not exclude systemic venous thrombosis as the site or origin of peripheral arterial emboli.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1975

[Fibromuscular dysplasia of the internal carotid and intracerebral arteries (author's transl)].

Fibromuscular dysplasia was found in six patients (four women over 50 years, a 20-year-old man and a five-year-old girl). Angiography (in five cases performed because of a cerebrovascular accident) gave the typical appearance of "knotted string" changes in the large and medium sized arteries. With marked localized arterial narrowing treatment is surgical. Conservative treatment remains sympotomatic because the cause of the disease is still unknown. Even surgical treatment brings only sympotomatic relief and, because of the slowly progressive nature, is indicated only when there are neurological signs.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Anastomoses between the vertebral and external occipital arteries in occlusion of the external carotid and vertebral arteries (author's transl)].

Five cases of anastomose formation between the external carotid and the vertebral arteries are reported. In 2 cases occlusion of the vertebral artery in the upper section of the cervical spine were present. In 2 further cases there were occlusions of the external carotid artery. In only a single case did angiographic examination show no pathological change. From these observations it is concluded that, when the formation of such collaterals is established, occlusions and important part-occlusions of the large cervical vessels should be sought.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Advantages in the use of teflon-catheter cannulas, compared with needles, for direct carotid angiography (author's transl)].

A method for direct carotid puncture, using a Teflon-catheter cannula, is described. The complication rate of this method is compared with the usual technique using a rigid cannula. The significant advantage of using the Teflon-cannula consists in: 1. In the absence of sub-intimal contrast injection and 2. The possibility of selectively demonstrating the internal or external arteries from the common carotid.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The problems of the decrease in periventricular density due to hypoxia in computer tomograms of new-born infants].

200 premature and mature neonates with clinical evidence of hypoxia or traumatic encephalopathy were examined by cranial computerized tomography (CT) during the first two weeks postnatally. The findings were compared with those in a "control group" consisting of 14 neonates with extraneural malformations. Cerebral hemorrhages were easily identified by their high density, in CT images. Bilateral areas of lowered density within the periventricular white matter, however, could not always be attributed to irreversible tissue damage prior to about 14 days after the hypoxic event in term newborns, and in preterm infants even later. During this early period of life an apparent decrease of periventricular density was regularly observed that must not be mistaken for a pathological change. In two cases persistent periventricular areas of decreased density were caused by neuropathologically verified foci of incomplete leucomalacia.

Cerebral Hemorrhage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cortical abnormalities of the brain. Morphologic and clinical findings].

Ten children at the age of 1-16 with various types of cortical dysplasias are demonstrated by means of computerized tomography. Clinical features of focal subcortical mass of heterotopic gray matter (focal pachygyria) are contralateral partial seizures (n = 5). Pachygyria commonly is associated with severe psychomotor retardation and epilepsy (n = 3). In two cases nodular heterotopias protruding the ventricular walls are accompanied by epilepsy only.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orbital venous congestion in childhood. Diagnostic and therapeutical implications.

A case study of 2 patients with venous congestion of the orbit due to different etiologies is presented. Both the children demonstrated orbital pain, proptosis, chemosis and conjunctival injection. In one case early diagnosis left to complete recovery by conservative treatment in a patient with a pyogenic cavernous sinus thrombosis. In the other case a traumatic carotid sinus cavernous fistula could be treated successfully using transvasculary navigated detachable balloons.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The value of computer tomographic examination in children with congenital tetra- and diplegia].

31 children suffering from congenital spastic di- or quadriplegia, born between 1963-1976, were re-examined neurologically and admitted to CT. The mental level was obtained by noting the educational placement of the child. 14 patients showed normal CT patterns. In 17 patients a volume loss of the cerebral white matter with ventricular enlargement was present, but there were no local cortical defects. From similar changes on the ventricles in CT four different patterns can be ascertained. Belonging to one of these CT patterns permits no statement about the neurological and mental defect in an individual case. But massive ventricular enlargements e vacuo go hand in hand with serious neurological and mental defects.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The pathogenesis of strokes from internal carotid artery occlusion. Diagnostic and therapeutical implications.

In order to relate clinical, angiologic and brain-morphological findings, 107 patients with internal carotid artery occlusion were examined clinically and by Doppler sonography, computerized tomography and cerebral angiography. During computerized tomography, haemodynamically induced infarctions could be differentiated from those, caused by periocclusive embolism towards the major brain arteries. This differentiation was based on an integration of angiological as well as brain-morphological data and implicates some important diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic consequences. The first group may benefit from immediate surgical restoration of carotid blood flow and have a relatively good prognosis. By contrast, subjects presenting territorial infarctions mostly experience severe and permanent neurological deficits. They should not undergo revascularization since endarterectomy increases the risk of cerebral hemorrhage but cannot cause clinical improvement. In five patients, following special angiographic techniques, the lesions of the internal carotid artery turned out to be pseudoocclusions. This condition threatens the patient considerably but is well accessible to surgical reconstruction. Thus, pseudooclusion seems to be one of the most convincing indication for emergency endarterectomy of the internal carotid artery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-invasive diagnosis of intracranial lesions in the vertebrobasilar system. A comparison of Doppler sonographic and angiographic findings.

The accuracy and the reliability of extracranial vertebral Doppler flow (continuous wave Doppler sonography) for the detection of intracranial vertebrobasilar lesions was studied prospectively in twenty-one patients with brainstem disturbances and/or coma. The Doppler findings were compared with cerebral angiography. Doppler sonography was highly reliable for both detection and exclusion of high grade intracranial vertebrobasilar lesions. The pathognomonic Doppler finding was an abrupt deceleration of the blood column during systole and stoppage or even reflux during diastole. The same blood flow alterations were found in two additional illustrative cases having therapeutically or brain-death induced blockages of the vertebral arteries. The pathophysiologic mechanisms of flow disturbances and the limitations of Doppler sonography in this area are discussed.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Monitoring of hemispheric or brainstem functions with neurophysiologic methods during interventional neuroradiology.

Interventional neuroradiology, sometimes requiring full anesthesia, is now performed in high-risk patients. The neurologic state of an anesthetized patient cannot always be sufficiently evaluated during the neuroradiologic examination. In such cases neurophysiological methods provide information about some aspects of the patient's cerebral condition. Three useful neurophysiological methods for monitoring hemispheric or brainstem functions during the neuroradiologic procedure are on-line or Fourier-transformed electroencephalographic (EEG) analysis; the monitoring of somatosensory-evoked potentials; and the monitoring of brainstem acoustic-evoked potentials. All methods can be done in the operating room with small, mobile equipment.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Local intraarterial thrombolysis in vertebrobasilar thromboembolic disease.

The poor prognosis of basilar artery occlusion is well known. Systemic anticoagulation rarely prevents a lethal outcome. A new therapeutic approach involves selective perfusion of streptokinase through the vertebrobasilar artery via a coaxial catheter system. Three of five reported cases demonstrated successful vascular recanalization with clinical improvement.

Adult↗