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Biomedical subjects

H Yano

Publications and source records attributed to H Yano.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Primary aortoduodenal fistula--report of an autopsy case.

This report describes a case of primary aortoduodenal fistula (PADF) in an 83 year-old male admitted a local hospital with massive hematemesis. Endoscopy failed to reveal the site of hemorrhage. During his course, he had two episodes of hematemesis and melena. On the 77th hospital day, he died of acute hemorrhagic shock resulting from massive hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal tract. An autopsy revealed adhesion and a fistulous communication between an atherosclerotic abdominal aneurysm and the third portion of the duodenum. Primary aortoenteric fistula (PAEF), including PADF, is an uncommon but lethal complication of aortic aneurysm. Since fistula formation occurs most frequently between the abdominal aorta and duodenum, upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination and aortography at the earliest possible moment are necessary to obtain a correct diagnosis before surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A new human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (KYN-1) with a transformation to adenocarcinoma.

A human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line (KYN-1) has been established from a resected HCC of a 58-yr-old Japanese, male patient with HCC. Original resected HCC was moderately differentiated and proliferated in a solid pattern with vague trabecular structure in part. This cell line has been maintained for 10 mo. through 50 passages. Morphological features of KYN-1 cells demonstrated one or more large, round-to-oval nuclei with prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic polygonal-to-spindle abundant cytoplasm. In addition, some of these cells contained mucicarmin-positive materials in the cytoplasm. The cells exhibited a typical epithelial feature with pavementlike cell arrangement, and lacked contact inhibition. The doubling times of the cells grown in a serum-containing and a serum-free medium were about 31 h and 10 to 11 d, respectively. Functionally, KYN-1 cells produced albumin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), ferritin, beta 2-microglobulin (BMG), and alpha 1-anti-trypsin (AAT). Positive reactions for albumin, AFP, CEA, and ferritin were identified in the cells by immunohistochemical techniques. Chromosome study revealed the chromosome number in a range from 61 to 74 without mode. The tumorigenicity of KYN-1 cells was identified by the tumor formation after subcutaneous inoculation of the cells into nude mice. The developed tumor showed compact growth of the tumor cells with gland formations containing mucicarmin-positive materials. Features of adenocarcinoma were identified by electron microscopy. The tumor cells were also identified to contain albumin, AFP, CEA, ferritin, and AAT by immunohistochemical techniques. AFP, CEA, and BMG were detected in the sera of nude mice. Thus, KYN-1 cells represented the morphologic features of adenocarcinoma, retaining some characteristics of original HCC. These findings suggest that KYN-1 is a new human HCC cell line with transformation to adenocarcinoma, which will provide useful information to clarify the histogenesis of combined hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Hepatocellular carcinoma and schistosomiasis japonica. A clinicopathologic study of 59 autopsy cases of hepatocellular carcinoma associated with chronic schistosomiasis japonica.

The association between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic hepatic schistosomiasis (CS) was studied by reviewing, 4,886 autopsies in adults during the past 20 years. In 229 cases of CS, 59 (25.7%) also had HCC. Among cases without CS, 399 (8.5%) had HCC. The incidence of HCC in patients with CS was significantly higher than that of other autopsy cases (p less than 0.01). Serum HBsAg was positive in 25.7% of 35 HCC cases with CS examined for hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers and anti HBs was positive in 10 of the 12 HBsAg-negative cases associated with CS, and in 62.1% of the other HBsAg-negative cases examined. Thus, most of HCC cases, including those associated with CS, probably had HBV infection at one time. Morphological examination revealed varying degrees of non-schistosomal hepatic changes, including macronodular or mixed macro-and micronodular cirrhosis, superimposed on schistosomal fibrosis in about two-thirds of the cases of HCC associated with CS. Although conclusive evidence whether or not schistosomal infection had a direct role in hepatocarcinogenesis could not be obtained, it was predicted that the additional non-schistosomal factors, particularly HBV infection, might play a synergistic role.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Transurethral resection of the prostate in benign prostatic hypertrophy].

Transurethral resection (TUR) is generally accepted as the best treatment for benign prostatic hypertrophy. In spite of the improvement of instruments in recent years, TUR requires skill and experience to be mastered. The irrigating fluid system, operating table and chair, and other equipment in our clinic are reported. These instruments are important to carry out smooth TUR. We use the Stern-McCarthy resectoscope in our clinic, because we prefer a finger-controlled instrument to a spring-cutting instrument. The outline of our technique for TURP and results of 314 clinical cases are reported.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[A combination chemotherapy of cisplatin and etoposide in small cell lung cancer].

Fourteen patients with small cell lung cancer were treated with cisplatin (80 mg/m2 i.v.) and etoposide (300, 400, 500 mg/m2 i.v.). This combination chemotherapy was administered over a three- or four-week period. Eleven of 13 evaluable patients showed a greater than 50% tumor reduction, but there were 3 complete responses and 5 partial responses, giving a response rate of 61%. Four patients who were initially treated achieved major responses. In 9 patients who had received prior chemotherapy, 4 achieved a major response. Of 3 complete responders, 2 patients had previously received etoposide treatment alone. The renal toxicity of this regimen was minimal and no patients developed any clinical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting were well controlled by high-dose metoclopramide and methylprednisolone. All patients, however, experienced appetite loss after treatment. The dose-limiting toxic effect of this regimen was hematologic toxicity. We therefore concluded that the combination of etoposide (300 mg/m2 i.v.) and cisplatin (80 mg/m2 i.v.) is repeatable at 3 or 4 week intervals and effective in patients with small cell lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Herpes simplex viral infection in human neonates: an immunohistochemical and electron microscopic study.

Specimens obtained at autopsy from six neonates with herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections were examined microscopically, electron microscopically, and immunohistochemically. Coagulative necrosis with inclusions was found in the livers and adrenal glands in all cases, as well as in various other organs, including the spleen, bone marrow, lungs, esophagus, tongue, and thymus, in some cases. Distinct hemorrhagic diathesis was found in three cases. No characteristic clinical findings, such as skin rashes or elevated titers of the antibody to HSV, were found, and clinical diagnosis was therefore difficult. In three cases isolation and typing of the causative virus were performed virologically, and type 1 HSV (HSV-1) was identified as the causative virus. Immunohistochemically, the type and distribution of the virus were evaluated in all cases with type-specific antisera to types 1 and 2 (HSV-2) antigens by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. In five cases the infections were found to be due to HSV-1 and in only one case to HSV-2. In the placenta in one case of HSV-2 infection, HSV antigen was demonstrated in the chorionic villi. Electron microscopic study confirmed the existence of viral particles in the placenta in that case and, thus, the possibility of a transplacental route of infection.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1985

General pharmacological studies of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate in experimental animals.

Extensive general pharmacological studies of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) were carried out in mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs and frogs. HPMCAS appeared to have no significant effect on the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular system. Various biological analyses of the blood (including hemolysis and coagulation properties) and urine were unaffected, and the compound showed no significant local anesthetic or vascular permeability. At higher doses of HPMCAS, an increase in secretion of saliva in guinea pigs, a decrease in gastric juice secretion in rats and an increase in rectal temperature in rats were observed, but these effects did not show clear dose-dependence.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Toxicological studies of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate--acute toxicity in rats and rabbits, and subchronic and chronic toxicities in rats.

The acute toxicity (in rabbits and rats) and the subchronic and chronic toxicities (in rats) of Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS), a potentially useful pharmaceutical excipient, were investigated. 1) In the acute toxicity study (single oral dose of 2.5 g/kg), no deaths or behavioral abnormalities were observed. Thus, LD50 is higher than 2.5 g/kg. 2) In the subchronic toxicity study (0.63, 1.25 or 2.5 g/kg daily as a single oral dose in the morning, 6 days per week (not Sunday) for 2 months), no significant behavioral abnormality was observed. There was some decrease in body weight gain in rats of both sexes, but the effect was not statistically significant. 3)In the chronic toxicity study (1.25 or 2.5 g/kg daily as a single oral dose in the morning, 6 days per week (not Sunday) for 6 months), no significant behavioral abnormality was observed. There was some decrease in body weight gain in male rats, but it was not statistically significant. 4)Various biochemical and physiological abnormalities in rats were noted in all groups (including the control groups) in the toxicity studies, but there appeared to be no significant dose-related finding attributable to the administration of HPMCAS.

Administration, Oral↗