Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Yabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Yabe.

143 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Clinical usefulness of lymphoscintigraphy by rectal submucosal injection of radioactive colloid].

Lymphoscintigraphies about 27 cases were examined by the methods of 11 cases of anal subcutaneous and 17 cases of rectal submucosal injections of 99mTc-rhenium colloid. Para-aortic nodes and common iliac nodes were visualized in more than 70% out of the 27 cases by these methods, and those images were superior to images obtained by the conventional methods with pedal subcutaneous injections. Internal iliac nodes were visualized in 78.1% by the rectal injection method while in 27.3% by the anal injection method. It was concluded that the transrectal injection method should be used to visualize internal iliac nodes. Examination efficacies of lymphoscintigraphies by these methods on detection of lymph nodes metastases which were confirmed by autopsy, operation, contrast lymphoangiography and/or X-ray CT. As for 131 regions of rectal and anal injected cases, sensitivity was calculated at 84.0% and specificity was at 89.6%. When the cases in which more than one definite defect was detected were scintigraphycally diagnosed as positive to metastasis and when calculated case by case, sensitivity was calculated at 90.9% and specificity was at 62.5% in the 27 cases. Lymphatic systems were seen specifically and systematically by using lymphoscintigraphies. Though the sensitivity was not enough for a screening test of lymph node metastases and the specificity was not enough for a test to rule out lymph node metastases, lymphoscintigraphies are clinically very useful as supplementary examinations. The lymphoscintigraphy by the method of rectal submucosal injection is much more useful as it is convenient and is the only one method to visualize the internal iliac nodes systematically.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1981

Histochemical studies on protein plugs obtained by endoscopic retrograde catheterization of the papilla.

In order to elucidate mechanisms of protein plug formation, histochemical studies were performed on aggregates and protein plugs present in pancreatic juice. Pancreatic juice was obtained from three control subjects and five patients with chronic pancreatitis through endoscopic retrograde catheterization of the papilla. Specimens for staining were prepared in two ways: (1) fixed with 10 per cent formaldehyde, embedded in paraffin and sectioned, and (2) placed on slide glass and fixed with isopropylalcohol. Staining included hematoxylin-eosin, periodic-acid Schiff, von Kossa, alcian blue, toluidine blue and double staining with PAS and AB. The process of protein plug formation can be as follows: (1) a prerequisite for aggregate formation, consisting of clusters of desquamated epithelial cells, highly concentrated sulfated acidic mucopolysaccharide and neutral mucopolysaccharide, (2) formation of aggregates in which epithelial cells and amorphous substance are interlaced with developing fine reticular substance, (3) enlargement of aggregates by fusion with adjacent aggregates through bridging action of the reticular substance sprouting, like prickles, from their surface, and (4) "maturity" of aggregates, taking a three-dimensional form which result in a spherical, spheroidal or cylindrical protein plug.

Amylases↗
PubMed1980

The hexosamine concentration and output in human pure pancreatic juice in chronic pancreatitis.

Hexosamine concentration in human pure pancreatic juice was determined during wash-out phase and secretin stimulation phase. Specimens were collected by endoscopic retrograde catheterization of the papilla at one minute intervals for 20 minutes after intravenous injection of secretin (Eisai, 1 U/kg) and for 10 minutes after pancreozymin injection (Boots, 1 U/kg). In suspected and established chronic pancreatitis (calcifying or non-calcifying), hexosamine concentration was significantly raised during both wash-out phase and secretin phase. Hexosamine output was significantly raised in suspected chronic pancreatitis and non-calcifying chronic pancreatitis during both wash-out phase and secretin phase; in calcifying chronic pancreatitis, no significant increase in hexosamine output was noted during both phases because of decreased secretory volume. Significance of these findings was discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of chronic pancreatitis.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1980

The calcium concentration in human pure pancreatic juice in chronic pancreatitis.

Calcium concentration in human pure pancreatic juice was determined during wash-out period, secretin stimulation and pancreozymin stimulation. Specimens were collected by endoscopic retrograde catheterization of the papilla at one minute intervals for 20 minutes after intravenous injection of secretin (Eisai, 1 U/kg) and for 10 minutes after pancreozymin injection (Boots, 1 U/kg). The determination was also made in duodenal juice obtained during the ordinary pancreozymin-secretin test. Calcium concentration in duodenal juice was significantly raised in patients with chronic pancreatitis (suspected, definite or calcifying), confirming the results of previous investigators. Calcium concentration and calcium per mg of protein in human pure pancreatic juice were significantly raised in patients with chronic pancreatitis (suspected, definite or calcifying). Calcium per mg of protein in normal human pure pancreatic juice was quite similar to that reported in zymogen granules of the guinea-pig pancreas. Calcium output in human pure pancreatic juice was also significantly raised in patients with suspected chronic pancreatitis; it was within normal limits in patients with definite or calcifying chronic pancreatitis due to decreased volume output. Significance of these findings were discussed in relation to pathogenesis and early detection of chronic pancreatitis.

Calcium↗
PubMed1979

Analysis of pure pancreatic juice in patients with chronic alcoholism.

To elucidate early biochemical changes of pancreatic juice and their reversibility in chronic alcoholics, pure pancreatic juice was collected from 23 chronic alcoholics by endoscopic retrograde catheterization of the papilla. Samples were collected at 1 minute intervals for 20 minutes after intravenous injection of secretin (Eisai, 1 U/kg) and for 10 minutes after CCK-PZ injection (Boots, 1 U/kg). Volume, bicarbonate concentration, protein concentration and three hydrolases were determined. Following results were obtained. (1) Five patients showed hypersecretory state. Four of the five patients showed hyperconcentration of protein. (2) Seventeen patients showed hyposecretory state. Lipase secretion was most frequently affected (94%). Maximal bicarbonate concentration was the next to be affected (82%). Amylase and chymotrypsinogen secretion were less frequently affected (65%). Flow rate was least frequently affected (24%). (3) It was suggested that exocrine dysfunction in chronic alcoholics is reversible in an early stage and that sequence of events with advancement of the stage is hypersecretion, hyperconcentration of protein, normalization of water secretion with a decrease in lipase secretion and maximal bicarbonate concentration, a decrease in amylase and chymotrypsinogen output, and finally a decrease in flow rate.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognostic relevance of urokinase type plasminogen activator, its receptor and inhibitors in chondrosarcoma.

The plasminogen activation system plays an important role in enhancing pericellular proteolysis of tumor invasion/metastasis and in autocrine/paracrine tumor growth stimulation. To investigate the prognostic significance of the plasminogen activation system in human chondrosarcoma, the immunohistochemical expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitor, 1 (PAI-1) and 2 (PAI-2) were analyzed in 28 patients with chondrosarcoma. In multivariate survival analysis, histological grade (p = 0.0008) and location (p = 0.02) were independent risk factors for local relapse. For metastasis-free survival, uPA index (p = 0.006) and PAI-2 index (p = 0.04) were independent prognostic factors. PAI-2 index (p = 0.02), uPAR index (p = 0.02) and histological grade (p = 0.03) predicted total survival. These results demonstrated the usefulness of uPA, uPAR and PAI-2 expression as biological prognostic indicator and the importance of the plasminogen activation system in tumor progression and metastasis in chondrosarcoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro chemosensitivity of human soft tissue sarcoma.

Chemotherapy is essential in the treatment of small round cell sarcomas. However, as yet there is no progress concerning the efficacy of chemotherapy in the treatment of other types of soft tissue tumors (STS). The Histoculture Drug Response Assay (HDRA) is an in vitro chemosensitivity test that has a high correlation with clinical response, the usefulness of which has been reported in various kinds of solid tumors. However, there has never been a report on its use in STS until now. In this study, in order to investigate the variation in chemosensitivity in STS, fresh biopsy or surgical samples of STS were tested using the HDRA method. Drug sensitivity testing by HDRA showed that two drugs, ADM and THP, had a significantly higher inhibitory rate than CDDP, IFOS, or VP-16 in the thirty-three soft tissue sarcomas tested. Depending on the morphological type, spindle cell sarcomas were sensitive to THP, which showed significantly higher inhibition rates than CDDP, IFOS, or VP-16. Small round cell sarcomas were relatively sensitive to all of the drugs tested. However the drug sensitivity of pleomorphic cell sarcoma was low except for ADM and THP, while its sensitivity to THP was higher than about 70%. However, there are numerous other soft tissue sarcomas that do not belong to these categories; drug sensitivity testing in each of them and the devising of individualized treatment strategies seems necessary to improve the therapeutic outcome.

Doxorubicin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of total parenteral nutrition in pediatric bone marrow transplantation.

To evaluate the extent of the nutritional stress of pediatric bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and to evaluate the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 35 consecutive pediatric patients who received BMT were studied retrospectively. Voluntary cessation of oral nutrition in almost all patients was observed, and significant decreases of serum albumin levels were seen after BMT. In 85% of these patients, TPN was necessary in response to severe wasting and fasting. No deaths were related to indwelling central venous catheters during the period of 2968 catheter-use days in these severely myelosuppressed patients. The mean of the total daily energy intake was 104% of basal energy expenditure (BEE), and 70% of patients lost their weight. Predicted energy requirement to maintain body weight after BMT would be 128% of BEE from a simple linear regression step in this study. Significant correlations were found between the marrow recovery time and the initial nutritional state, expressed as the percentage of ideal weight height ratio, as well as benign nature of the disease. The use of TPN did not show any beneficial effects on the time course of marrow recovery, although it showed favorable effects on the maintenance of body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation of the origin of the osteoclast by use of transplantation on chick chorioallantoic membrane.

In recent years, it has become generally accepted that osteoblasts and osteoclasts are derived from separate stem cell lines: the osteoblasts from mesenchymal cells, and the osteoclasts from cells of hematopoietic origin. Principal evidence for this belief comes from experimental approaches, such as autoradiography, parabiosis, quail-chick nuclear markers, lysosomal markers in beige mice, and so forth. However, the problem remains unsolved. For further investigation of osteoclast origin, three experimental designs were employed: (1) six-day quail limb buds were directly implanted into chick chorioallantoic membrane; (2) viable or devitalized Dunn osteosarcomas were implanted onto chorioallantoic membrane; and (3) six-day quail limb buds in diffusion chambers were implanted onto chorioallantoic membrane by use of exogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulation. In these experiments, osteoblasts and osteoclasts were identified from host (chorioallantoic membrane) and implant (quail limb bud). Limb buds within diffusion chambers formed osteoclasts in response to PTH despite no blood circulation or bone marrow formation. These data indicate that the mesenchyme (perichondrium) plays an important role. Either osteoclast mononuclear precursors have migrated from hematopoietic sources to the perichondrium before transplantation of the limb buds or mesenchymal cells of developing bone can form osteoclasts. Thus, the origin of the osteoclasts should still be considered an unsettled question.

Allantois↗