Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Wysocki

Publications and source records attributed to H Wysocki.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Impairment of the oxygen-dependent microbicidal mechanisms of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in patients with type 2 diabetes is not associated with increased susceptibility to infection.

Phagocytosis, bactericidal capacity and some selected parameters of oxygen-dependent bactericidal mechanisms were evaluated in 20 patients with type 2 diabetes being in similar (intermediate) state of metabolic control and in 15 healthy individuals. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) from diabetics showed normal ability to phagocytose staphylococci, a decreased Intracellular bacteria killing, the impaired stimulated superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and the low intracellular myeloperoxidase activity. The obtained data seem to indicate that the decreased bacterial killing by PMNs isolated from diabetics are partly at least related to an impairment of the oxygen-dependent bactericidal mechanisms. Since none of the diabetic patients suffered from recurrent infection the clinical significance of our finding is still uncertain.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Peroxide plasma level in patients with coronary heart disease as a possible indicator of ischemia during exercise test.

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the possible changes in production of free oxygen species during myocardial ischemia in the course of exercise testing of ischemic coronary disease. METHODS: Exercise testing was performed on 58 patients with suspected ischemic coronary disease. Plasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level was assayed according to Frew et al. (Anal Chim Acta 1983, 155:139-150) in venous blood samples obtained before the test, at submaximal and maximal work loads, and after 30 minutes of rest. RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide plasma level significantly increased (P < 0.001) at maximal work load in patients with positive exercise test results. Patients with negative exercise test results initially manifested a higher H2O2 level that dropped during maximal work load. CONCLUSIONS: The rise in plasma H2O2 level during myocardial ischemia indicates that intensification of oxygen free radical production occurs. This may be the result of hypoxanthine conversion by xanthine oxidase, catecholamine auto-oxidation, polymorphonuclear neutrophil activation, and/or derangement within mitochondrial electron transfer. The noticed difference between patients with a positive exercise test and those diagnosed as without ischemia may be of clinical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Evidence for plasma-mediated neutrophil superoxide anion production during myocardial infarction.

The participation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) in the development of free-oxygen-mediated myocardial injury is well documented, but direct evidence that PMN-oriented stimuli released to the peripheral blood are able to stimulate PMN free oxygen radical production is missing. We have previously reported that peripheral blood plasma obtained from patients with acute myocardial infarction has chemotactic activity for neutrophils and augments PMN adherence. To investigate whether neutrophilic stimuli released to peripheral blood may induce PMN superoxide anion (O2-) production, we incubated PMN from healthy donors with plasma from patients with acute transmural infarction. PMN O2- production was measured by cytochrome c reduction. PMN O2- was higher under the influence of plasma obtained on the day of admission (24.66 +/- 12.41) and 1 day after onset of acute ischemia (22.91 +/- 10.37) as compared with those observed after incubation with saline (4.18 +/- 1.37; negative control) or zymosan-activated plasma (11.07 +/- 3.4; activated complement cascade positive control). In the following days, plasma-mediated PMN O2- decreased: 13.27 +/- 1.96; 12.37 +/- 3.54 and 8.18 +/- 1.56 after incubation with plasma obtained 2, 3 and 7 days after onset of symptoms, respectively. The results indicate an additional possibility of monitoring the inflammatory response to myocardial necrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in neonates].

Phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) obtained from umbilical venous blood was estimated in 30 neonates and their mothers by the use of fluorochrome microassay of Pantazis and Kniker. Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus was similar in both groups and controls, while intracellular bacteria killing was significantly impaired in PMN obtained from the neonates. These results may indicate that increased susceptibility to infection observed in neonates may be partly caused by PMN function impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Effect of immunomodulators on selected functions of neonatal polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vitro].

Phagocytosis, bactericidal capacity, production of superoxide anions O2- and expression of receptor for the Fc portion of IgG of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) were estimated in umbilical venous blood of neonates and their mothers. We also evaluated the influence of immunomodulating agents on these parameters. The influence of the maternal serum on the function of neonatal PMN was examined. The obtained results indicate that functional defect of neonatal PMN may be corrected under the influence of the maternal serum and/or immunomodulating agents.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1992

The effect of lidocaine on oxygen free radical production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils.

During myocardial ischemia and subsequent reperfusion, activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils occurs and results in an increased production of oxygen free radicals that participate in the generation of reperfusion arrhythmias. We investigated the effect of antiarrhythmic drug lidocaine on oxygen free radicals production by activated neutrophils in vitro with a chemiluminescence assay. Lidocaine reduced lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence related to the superoxide anion production but failed to affect hydrogen-peroxide dependent luminol chemiluminescence.

Free Radicals↗
PubMed1992

Vasodilator therapy enhances neutrophil tissue migration.

Very little is known about the effect of vasoactive substances on migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vivo. We evaluated the effect of oral treatment with isosorbide dinitrate on neutrophil migration into a sterile skin inflammatory focus in man with the use of "skin chamber technique". Isosorbide dinitrate increased the number of neutrophils harvested in the chamber as well as the "granulocyte clearance". Thus, vasoactive agent may increase neutrophil extravasation and subsequent tissue migration.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

The role of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in myocardial damage during ischemia and reperfusion.

In addition to their traditional role in infection elimination and scavenging dead tissue, neutrophils may be injurious to myocardial tissues. Besides mechanical participation they produce toxic oxygen species, PAF, arachidonic acid metabolites, and release the proteases from intracellular granules. The deleterious role of PMN within myocardial ischemic focus depends also on the cooperation with platelets, macrophages, endothelial and mast cells. Rapid entry of neutrophils during ischemia contribute to arrhythmia, loss of coronary vasomotion, no-reflow phenomenon and extension of cellular injury. Further work is needed to define the precise role that neutrophils play in tissue injury and to propose an appropriate strategy by which PMN function can be modified to limit infarct size.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

The influence of thymus extracts on the chemotaxis of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDD).

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the possible influence of thymus extracts on the chemotaxis of PMN isolated from diabetic patients. The analyzed group consisted of fifty patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDD), and twenty healthy adults were taken as controls. The results showed, that PMN isolated from patients with IDD manifested the impaired chemotaxis toward zymosan-activated plasma (ZAP), plasma incubated with cellophane and supernate from E. coli culture. Both thymus extracts did not change the directed migration toward control plasma and toward ZAP. THYMEX-L did improve the migration of diabetic PMN toward plasma incubated with cellophane, whereas TFX-THYMOMODULIN ameliorated the impaired chemotaxis toward supernate from E. coli culture. Both thymus extracts can attract PMN obtained from healthy donors, but not the cells isolated from diabetic patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The influence of isosorbide dinitrate and molsidomine on migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vivo.

There is evidence that accumulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils exacerbates injury to the tissues during acute myocardial infarction. To evaluate the influence of the vasodilator drugs, isosorbide dinitrate and molsidomine on migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, the "skin chamber" method was used. The number of neutrophils harvested from the chamber after oral treatment with isosorbide dinitrate increased from 27.65 +/- 9.02 X 10(6)/cm2 to 69.08 +/- 11.41 X 10(6)/cm2. Migration of neutrophils after molsidomine did not change significantly. Both drugs exert a similar effect on vascular smooth muscle cells. The difference in the influence on migration of granulocytes might be the result of an additional effect of molsidomine on formation of thromboxane and/or effects on the lipoxygenic pathway of arachidonic acid.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Effect of selected antiarrhythmic drugs on the superoxide anion production by polymorphonuclear neutrophils in vitro.

The oxygen radicals produced by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) during ischemia and reperfusion play an important role in the development of arrhythmias. We investigated the influence of selected antiarrhythmic drugs on PMN superoxide anion production. Amiodarone, verapamil and propranolol significantly decreased the stimulated superoxide anion production, which may be an additional mechanism of their antiarrhythmic activity. The fast sodium channel inhibitors lidocaine, procainamide and mexiletine affected neither spontaneous nor stimulated superoxide anion production.

Anti-Arrhythmia Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of isosorbide dinitrate on neutrophil migration in vivo].

The influence of isosorbide dinitrate on polymorphonuclear neutrophils migration into a sterile inflammatory focus was evaluated in 12 patients with ischemic heart disease. The number of neutrophils migrated into the "skin window" increased significantly during treatment with isosorbide. Also granulocyte clearance increased in comparison with control investigation. Possible clinical implications of this phenomenon are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils function in splenectomized patients.

Some essential functions of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) were evaluated in 30 patients splenectomized because of rupture of the spleen. These cells revealed normal random migration, adherence, unstimulated O2- and H2O2 production. Phagocytosis of viable staphylococci was higher than in controls, whereas chemotaxis, bactericidal capacity, aggregation and stimulated O2- and H2O2 production were significantly impaired. PMN from splenectomized patients manifested also the decreased intracellular myeloperoxidase activity. The percentage of cells with receptor for Fc IgG in peripheral blood was markedly decreased. Plasma of these patients induced increased adherence of autologous as well as control neutrophils. The possible mechanisms leading to the observed events are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Possible prognostic value of plasma activity augmenting polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) adherence estimations in untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Plasma activity augmenting polymorphonuclear neutrophils adherence was evaluated in 30 untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. The estimations were done by the use of cells isolated from healthy persons. The plasma of some patients with CML induced the intensive adherence of PMN to plastic surface. Further observations suggested, that these patients were characterized by earlier blast crisis occurrence and poorer prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils function in untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

Morphologically mature polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) isolated from the peripheral blood of 30 patients were examined. These cells manifested the diminution of phagocytosis, random migration, chemotaxis, thermotaxis and bactericidal capacity. The surface charge of circulating PMN and the percent representation of cells with receptor for Fc IgG were significantly decreased. Stimulated as well as unstimulated oxygen consumption, production of O2- and H2O2 were significantly decreased, whereas the hexose monophosphate shunt activity was similar to that noticed in controls. The aggregation of leukemic PMN was practically normal, however their adherence was significantly higher. The possible mechanisms responsible for the observed PMN defects are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evidence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) activation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils' chemotaxis, surface charge, superoxide anions generation, NBT (nitro blue tetrazolium) reduction and intracellular lysozyme, and beta-glucuronidase content were estimated in patients with type I diabetes mellitus in a similar state of metabolic control. The chemotaxis of diabetic cells toward bacterial chemotactic factors was similar to controls, whereas migration toward complement-derived chemoattractants was significantly reduced. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils isolated from diabetic patients, when unstimulated, produced significantly greater amounts of superoxide anions and reduced NBT more efficiently. They also revealed reduced surface charge and lower intracellular content of lysozyme, whereas beta-glucuronidase content was similar to controls. The results obtained seem to indicate that neutrophils in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes manifest signs of being in the activated state. The possible mechanisms of such stimulation are discussed.

Adolescent↗