Results of cochlear implant in postlinguistically deaf adults.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
H Wu
Publications and source records attributed to H Wu.
Retinoic acid receptor-beta as a prognostic indicator in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer.
PURPOSE: Retinoids are pivotal in the growth and differentiation of certain epithelial tissues, interacting with nuclear retinoid receptors (the retinoic acid receptors [RARs] and retinoid X receptors [RXRs]), which function as transcription factors. RAR-beta mRNA is undetectable by in situ hybridization (ISH) in 50% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). RAR-beta may suppress tumorigenicity. Therefore, we hypothesized that loss of expression of RAR-beta gene in stage I NSCLC is a prognostic factor of a poor clinical outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed RAR-beta mRNA levels (by ISH using a digoxigenin-labeled antisense riboprobe) in specimens from 185 consecutive patients with completely resected clinical/radiographic stage I NSCLC for whom clinical follow-up data were available. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-six patients who met the criteria of pathologic stage I NSCLC and positivity for RXR-alpha mRNA (used as a control to assess RNA degradation) and who had adequate follow-up could be evaluated. RAR-beta mRNA expression was undetectable in 51 patients, weakly positive in 64 patients, and strongly positive in 41 patients. Overall survival of the 41 patients with strongly positive RAR-beta was significantly worse than for the 115 patients with weak or absent RAR-beta (P =.045). CONCLUSION: Unexpectedly, strong RAR-beta expression was associated with a significantly worse outcome of early-stage NSCLC. The mechanisms underlying this clinically and biologically important finding should be further explored.
Adult↗
Hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma as a late-onset posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in renal transplant recipients.
We report 2 cases of renal transplant recipients in whom hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma (gamma-delta HSTCL) developed 5 and 10 years after transplantation. Both patients had marked hepatosplenomegaly, B symptoms (weight loss, fever, and night sweats), and abnormal peripheral blood findings, including anemia in both, thrombocytopenia and leukoerythroblastic changes in 1, and leukocytosis in the other. Markedly atypical lymphoid infiltrate of intermediate to large cells was observed in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. The malignant cells showed typical immunophenotype of gamma-delta T cells (CD2+, CD3+, CD4-, CD8-, CD7+, gamma-delta T-cell receptor-positive, and alpha-beta T-cell receptor-negative) with clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement and were of the V-delta-1 subset. In addition, the cells contained a cytolytic granule-associated protein, TIA-1, and Fas ligand, indicating cytotoxic T-cell differentiation. The malignant T cells in both cases were of host tissue origin. Both cases were negative for Epstein-Barr virus genome using Southern blot analysis. The patients did not respond to reduction of immunosuppression. Despite initial response to chemotherapy, both patients died within 6 months of diagnosis. Our findings indicate that gamma-delta HSTCL can occur as a late complication in transplant recipients.
Adult↗
Morphometric and electron microscopic analyses of the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment on arteriole size in uterine leiomyomas.
BACKGROUND: Few studies have been performed on the vascular changes in leiomyomas from patients treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRHAs). OBJECTIVE: To measure luminal diameter and wall thickness of arterioles in uterine leiomyomas using a quantitative stereologic method of analysis. DESIGN: Thirty leiomyomas from 3 study groups were used: (1) patients treated with GnRHAs (10 patient samples), (2) age-matched controls (10 patient samples), and (3) postmenopausal women (10 patient samples). Measurements of arteriolar luminal diameter and wall thickness were made using a video-based, computerized system attached to the microscope, for which a morphometric ad hoc program was written. Electron micrographs were made of random arterioles from the first 2 groups (GnRHA-treated patients and age-matched controls). SETTING: Department of Pathology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY. PATIENTS: A total of 30 patient samples were studied, with 3 groups comprising 10 samples each, including patients treated with GnRHAs, age-matched control patients, and postmenopausal women. RESULTS: Arterioles in myomas from patients treated with GnRHAs had slightly larger luminal diameters and significantly thicker walls than age-matched controls and resembled arterioles from postmenopausal women. The thickening was due to smooth muscle cell hyperplasia in the muscularis media. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with GnRHAs causes a thickening of the walls of intramyomatous arterioles, which resemble those of postmenopausal women. This thickening may play a role in the decreased flow of blood reported in GnRHA treatment.
Adult↗
[Infralabyrinthine approach for cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex].
Cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex are cystic lesions, revealed by otologic and/or cranial nerve palsies, and diagnosed with the help of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Surgical treatment is not the complete removal of the lesion, but a conservative approach requiring drainage of the cyst and re-establishment of a correct aeration of the cavity. Three cases of cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex were treated through a transmastoid infralabyrinthine procedure. Through a postauricular approach, a simple mastoidectomy was performed. The third portion of the facial nerve was identified. The posterior and lateral semicircular canals, and the jugular bulb were skeletonized. In two cases, a high diverticulum of the jugular bulb was impacted downwards with wax. The cystic lesion was then opened, and evacuated. The opening must be large to permit a correct aeration of the cavity and prevent stenosis of the drainage site. Hearing and the facial function were preserved in all cases. In conclusion, conservative approach to cholesterol granuloma of the petrous apex provides satisfactory drainage of this intrapetrous deep seated lesion with preservation of hearing and facial nerve function.
Adult↗
Correlation between bone mineral density and sexual hormones in healthy Chinese women.
Osteoporosis is a common disease in women, but not in men. It is usually induced by the deficiency of estrogen after menopause. The lumbar spine is most often affected. We examined 74 healthy Chinese women in whom we measured serum estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and total testosterone (TTT) by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The bone mineral density (BMD) of the total lumbar spine in the anterior (TLS-A) and lateral (TLS-L) position, the region of interest (ROI) of lateral spine (M-IALS), the forearm, and the total hip (TH) were scanned by a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer. We found that (1) E2 and all BMD determinations declined significantly after menopause (p < 0.05 for all), except the BMD of TH; (2) the BMD of TLS-L, TH, and forearm correlated significantly with E2 (r = 0.2986, p < 0.05), E3 (r = 0.3380, p < 0.05), and TTT (r = 0.2867, p < 0.05), respectively, by partial correlation analysis. In conclusion, BMD at different sites of the skeleton correlated with the level of different sex hormones. It seems that BMD at different sites of the body is controlled by different sex hormones. Whether this phenomenon should be considered in the choice of hormone replacement therapy, or in improving the BMD diagnostic standard, needs further study.
Adult↗
Photo quiz. Fibrous histiocytoma.
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Adolescent↗
[Construction of a transformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) library of a wheat-Haynaldia villosa translocation line].
Transformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) vector is able to clone and transfer large DNA fragments in plants and is a powerful tool for plant gene isolation and transformation. To clone important genes from wheat, a TAC genomic library was constructed from nuclear DNA of a 6VS/6AL wheat-Haynaldia villosa translocation line that harbor the gene Pm21 for resistance to powdery mildew. The library consists of 2.1 x 10(6) clones with an average DNA insert size of 35 kb, and represents in total 4.9 genome equivalents. The library was stored as clone pools in 96-well plates, and each pool contained about 1000 clones. TAC clones containing gene(s) of interest can be screened by a pooled-PCR/colony-hybridization strategy.
Chromosomes, Artificial↗
Sensitization of CD4+ T cells to coagulation factor VIII: response in congenital and acquired hemophilia patients and in healthy subjects.
Antibodies (Ab) that inhibit factor VIII (fVIII) may develop in patients with hemophilia A and rarely in individuals without congenital fVIII deficiency (acquired hemophilia). Synthesis of fVIII inhibitors requires CD4+ T cells. We investigated the proliferative response of blood CD4+ cells from 11 patients with congenital or acquired hemophilia and 12 healthy subjects, to recombinant human fVIII, and to pools of overlapping synthetic peptides spanning the sequences of individual fVIII domains. All patients had CD4+ cells that responded to fVIII. The intensity of the responses fluctuated over time: several patients had brief periods when they did not respond to fVIII. All healthy subjects had transient CD4+ responses to fVIII, that were significantly lower than those of hemophilia patients. Also, healthy subjects responded to fVIII less frequently and for shorter periods than hemophilia patients. All patients and healthy subjects recognized several fVIII domains: the A3 domain was recognized most strongly and frequently. The transient sensitization of CD4+ cells to fVIII in healthy subjects suggests that inadequate tolerization of CD4+ cells to fVIII, due to lack of endogenous fVIII, is an important factor in the development of clinically significant anti-fVIII antibodies in hemophilia A.
Adult↗
[CT diagnosis of fibrothecoma and fibroma of the ovary].
OBJECTIVE: To describe the CT characteristics and improve pre-operative diagnosis of fibrothecoma and fibroma of the ovary. METHODS: The clinical and CT image material of 14 postmenopausal patients with pathologically confirmed fibrothecoma or fibroma of the ovary were reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 14 cases, 7 had ascites. The tumor was solid in 10 cases, cystic or cystic-solid in 2 cases. It was round or elliptic in 9 cases, multilobular or irregular in shape in 5. In all cases, the tumors had clear border. On CT imaging, the solid tumor, the solid part of the cystic-solid tumor, and the cystic wall were similar in density to that of myometrium on precontrast scanning. There was no or slight uptake on postcontrast enhancement, the density of which was obviously lower than that of myometrium. In tumors heterogeneous in density, low density areas of light flakes or streaks were observed. In cystic or cystic-solid tumors, the demarcation between the cystic and solid portion was clear. Nodules on cystic wall were visible. CONCLUSION: CT is useful in the diagnosis of the fibrothecoma and fibroma of the ovary.
Adult↗
[Predation on Myzus persicae by Propylaea japonica adults with different extents of starvation].
The study showed that the functional response of predation on M. persicae by the female and male adults of P. japonica with different extents of starvation belonged to the type of Holling II. Female adults had a larger attacking rate than male adults, but the predacious amount of M. persicae by female and male adult predators of different extent of starvation within 24 hrs had no significant difference. The predacious amount by female adult was larger than that of male. The significant difference of predacious amount between female and male adults increased with the time of their starvation and the prey density. The predation by unstarved female and male adult predators on M. persicae in 24 hours was concentrated at 6:00-18:00 and the predation rate (V) between female and male adults had no significant difference. The predation by starved female and male adults for 48 h on the prey in 24 hours was at 0-4 hours after the experiment started, and the predation rate(V) between female and male starved adults had no significant difference either.
Animals↗
[Testing for isometry during reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament].
OBJECTIVE: To measure the isometric point of the attachment site in femur during the reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). METHODS: Seven fresh knee specimens from cadavers were adopted in this experiment. The anterior, posterior, proximal, distal and central points of the PCL's femoral attachment site were respectively anchored to the middle of the PCL's tibial attachment site by the trial isometer wires. The length changes of the intra-articular part of the wires were recorded while the knee was flexed from 0 degree to 120 degrees by a continuous passive motion(CPM) machine. RESULTS: The maximal length changes in every points were compared. It showed that the length change in anterior point was the biggest, the distal point was less than that of anterior point, and the proximal point was the least. There was significant difference between proximal and posterior points, but no significant difference between proximal and central points, neither between central and posterior points. All of the maximal length changes of proximal, central and posterior points were not greater than 2 mm. CONCLUSION: The femoral tunnel for the PCL reconstruction should be located at the proximal point, which is the middle point of upper edge of femoral attachment site. The selected point for femoral tunnel also may be moved slightly in the direction to central or posterior points according to the needs of operation.
Adult↗
[Bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with mitral stenosis and therapeutic effect of inhaled corticosteroids].
OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in patients with mitral stenosis and to evaluate the effect of inhaled corticosteroids in treating these patients. METHODS: Histamine bronchial provocation testing was performed in 23 patients with mitral stenosis. Patients with BHR were randomized into beclomethasone treatment and placebo group. Patients without BHR were also treated with beclomethasone as controls. RESULTS: 15 patients showed BHR. His PD20-FEV1 were significantly higher after 6 weeks treatment (P < 0.05), and symptom scores significantly lower(P < 0.05) in beclomethasone treatment group while remained unchanged in placebo group(P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: BHR is commonly found in patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis. Beclomethasone can significantly decrease bronchial reactivity to histamine and improve symptoms in patients with mitral stenosis.
Administration, Inhalation↗
[APC gene expression in precancerous lesions of stomach examined by light and electron microscopic in situ hybridization].
OBJECTIVE: To study the significance of abnormal expression of APC gene in gastric cancer and its precancerous lesions. METHODS: The expression of APC gene was examined in 119 cases of precancerous lesions and 40 cases of gastric cancers by light and electron microscopic in situ hybridization technique. RESULTS: 1. The positive rate of APC gene expression in normal gastric mucosa, mild dysplasia, moderately severe dysplasia, severe dysplasia and gastric cancer was 83.3%, 77.8%, 62.5%, 25.9%, and 6.7%-8.0%, respectively. 2. In 4 types of intestinal metaplasia (IM), APC gene expressed much more frequently in colonic type than in small intestinal type (P < 0.05), more frequently in incomplete type of IM than in complete type (P > 0.05). The positive rate of incomplete colonic type was the highest. 3. Under electron microscope, the APC positive signals were located in the cytoplasm matrix of gastric mucosa cells. They decreased gradually from normal parietal cells, dysplasia cells to cancer cells till negative. CONCLUSION: Abnormal expression of APC gene occurs mainly in precancerous lesion-severe dysplasia. It is considered as an early event during gastric carcinogenesis. Detecting APC gene in gastric mucosa helps predict the trend of dyplasia to become malignant, and diagnose gastric cancer in early stage.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein↗
[Relationship between estrogen receptor and Graves' disease].
OBJECTIVE: To study the relation of expression of estrogen receptor (ER) in thyroid tissues with Graves' disease (GD). METHODS: ER was detected in the tissues of 40 patients with GD and 15 patients with normal thyroid by immunohistochemical method. Gene expression of ER was studied in frozen slides of 26 GD thyroids and 10 normal thyroids by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) together with image analysis system. RESULTS: In immunohistochemical detection, the positive rate of ER in GD group was 70% (28/40), but 13.3% (2/15) in the control group (P < 0.01). The positive degree of ER in female with GD was higher than that in male with GD (P < 0.05). The positive rate of ER in the female GD group below 35 years was 85.0% (17/20) and 50% (5/10) in the female GD group above 35 years (P < 0.05). In FISH, the optical density (A) value of the female GD group was 30.14 +/- 10.74, and in the male GD group 21.06 +/- 7.71, but in the control group it was 16.91 +/- 5.30 (P < 0.01). The A value of the female GD group below 35 years was 33.85 +/- 10.10, and 23.24 +/- 7.48 in the female GD group above 35 years (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The increasing of ER content is related to the development of GD. Estrogen may be a promoting factor for GD. The sex and age differences in GD development are associated with the effects of estrogen and ER.
Adult↗
[Cost-effectiveness analysis on two different measles immunization strategies].
OBJECTIVE: To seek the most economic and effective strategy in measles elimination in China, data of cost - effectiveness was analyzed to compare two different strategies of measles immunization (mass campaign and 2 - dose schedule) based on the data of population, economy and epidemiological features of measles in Henan province. METHODS: DALY was used as the measurement of effectiveness. Taking period from 1997 to 2020, the cost - effectiveness ratio (CER) was defined as the cost difference between mass campaign and 2 - dose schedule divided by the decline of DALYs if 2 - dose schedule had been substituted by mass campaign. RESULTS: Along with the increment of time, CER showed a descending trend then the mass campaign will have positive benefits after year 2013. CONCLUSION: Mass campaign is more cost - effective than 2 - dose schedule.
Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
[Activity of serum paraoxonase and its polymorphism in healthy Chinese of Shanghai].
OBJECTIVE: To study activity of serum paraoxonase and its polymorphic distribution in healthy people of Shanghai and to set a reference value for it. METHODS: Serum activities of paraoxonase, salt-stimulated paraoxonase and arylesterase were measured in 198 subjects (105 males and 93 female, aged 21 - 61 years) in Shanghai. Three phenotypes of serum paraoxonase could be distinguished based on the ratio of salt-stimulated paraoxonase activity and paraoxonase activity and the ratio of salt-stimulated paraoxonase activity and arylesterase. Its gene frequency was calculated according to Hardy-Weinberg equation. RESULTS: Activity of serum paraoxonase was 97.6 - 472.1 unit. There was no difference in serum paraoxonase activity between male and female, nor among different ages. It was found that 27 persons in low, 71 in medium and 100 in high activity. Gene frequency of low activity (PON * A) and high activity (PON * B) was 0.369 and 0.631, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Distribution of serum paraoxonase in healthy people of Shanghai was different from that in Caucasians.
Adult↗
[Effects of antisense human telomerase RNA on growth of human gastric cancer cells].
OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effects of antisense human telomerase RNA (hTR) on growth of human gastric cancer cells. METHODS: SGC7901 cell line was transfected with antisense hTR expression vector (pBBS-hTR) by lipofectAMINE. The gene transfected cells were cultured in vitro and then inoculated into nude mice. RESULTS: Antisense hTR expression was enhanced and sense hTR expression inhibited in clones containing antisense hTR after hygromycin resistant selection which induced tumor cells apoptosis. The growth rate of the major gene transfected cells in culture and tumorigenesis of the transfected cells in nude mice were significantly reduced in comparison with those of controls. The survival time of nude mice inoculated with the gene transfected cells was markedly prolonged when compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: The malignant proliferation of gastric cancer cell can be reversed by antisense hTR induced cell apoptosis. Thus antisense hTR may serve as a potential therapeutic approach to the treatment of human cancer.
Animals↗