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Biomedical subjects

H Werner

Publications and source records attributed to H Werner.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Neuraminidases of Bacteroidaceae die neuraminidasen von bacteroidaceen.

Neuraminidases can be detected in members of the anaerobic gram-negative non-sporing rods (Bacteroidaceae), especially in the genus Bacteroides. B. fragilis, the most virulent species, has the highest neuraminidase activity, while the other intestinal species exhibit markedly lower activities or the enzyme is completely absent. Members of the Bacteroides oralis group, so far investigated, degrade only substrates of lower molecular weight.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

[Metronidazole sensitivity of anaerobes. A comparison with other chemotherapeutics (author's transl)].

In comparative in vitro studies, broad spectrum penicillins and cephalosporins showed a relatively weak action in the range of beta-lactamase-positive bacteroides species (B. fragilis, B. thetaiotamicron) bacteroidaceae activity being otherwise good. Clindamycin was more effective against bacteroides species than against bacteria of the fusobacterium-sphaerophorus group. Metronidazole, however, showed no gap in its efficacy against bacteroidaceae, peptococcaceae and clostridium spp. with the exception of Propionibacterium acnes. The substance is therefore suitable alone and in combination for the chemotherapy of anaerobic infections.20

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Occurrence of Bacteroidaceae in vaginal secretions of healthy pregnant women and patients with colpitis.

The frequency of gram-negative non-sporing anaerobes with possible clinical significance was studied in healthy pregnant women and in patients with non-Candida vaginitis. Only 4% of the healthy pregnant women studied yielded anaerobes of the family Bacteroidaceae. However, the incidence of Bacteroidaceae in 58 patients with colpitis was 53.5%. The predominant anaerobic species was Bacteroides oralis.

Bacteroidaceae↗
PubMed1980

Feasibility of exact species identification in routine diagnosis of anaerobic infections.

Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of metabolic products and conventional biochemical tests are actually used for the identification of clinical isolates of anaerobes. As the majority of bacteremic and other life-threatening anaerobic infections are caused by Bacteroides fragilis, the prompt and accurate identification of this highly resistant species is essential for effective treatment. The clinical significance of the identification of the other Bacteroidaceae species and Peptococcaceae is discussed.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

Methodological implications of testing anaerobe susceptibility to cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefamandole, cefoxitin).

By simultaneously performing broth dilution, agar dilution, and agar diffusion tests with Bacteroidaceae and Peptococcaceae, the influence of methodology upon the outcome of susceptibility testing to cefazolin, cefamandole and cefoxitin was studied. With beta-lactamase positive and negative Bacteroidaceae, the results of the broth dilution and agar dilution tests were in good agreement for cefoxitin. However, when tested with cefaxolin and cefamandole, beta-lactamase positive Bacteroides strains had mostly high broth dilution MICs and relatively low agar dilution MICs. The statistical analysis of the relationship between zone size and broth dilution or agar dilution MICs frequently showed lack of stochastic linearity or relatively low correlation coefficients.

Bacteroidaceae↗
PubMed1980

Diagnosis of pure and mixed anaerobic infections in obstetrics and gynecology.

Less than one third of women patients with post-partum endometritis, abscess formation and similar pathologic conditions were found to have pure anaerobic infection. The majority of the infections were caused by facultative organisms and anaerobes. Bacteroides oralis, Baceroides fragilis and Peptococcaceae were the predominant isolates. Treatment with an anti-microbial agent active against most anerobes led to clinical cure even in cases of mixed infections. This may possibly indicate that anaerobes play an important pathogenic role in female genital tract infections.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

[The role of anaerobic bacteria in the post-partum period: clinical significance and treatment (author's transl)].

Anaerobic bacteria in the lochia are frequently isolated healthy post-partum patients and from those with post-partum infections. The true pathogenic significance of these anaerobic bacteria is uncertain. Investigations appeared to show that the incidence of anaerobic bacteria is by and large the same as in the vaginal and intestinal flora. In this investigation we showed: 1) anaerobic bacteria are rare in the vaginal flora of pregnant patients in the third trimester, 2) a definite difference exists in the number of anaerobic bacteria in normal lochia versus infected lochia, 3) in post-partum infections qualitative differences exist between the anaerobic isolates. The strains of the bacteroides oralis group become the predominant anaerobic bacteria. It is concluded that members of the bacteroides oralis group which are normally not present in the human intestinal flora play a specific role in post-partum infections. The anti-microbial treatment of post-partum infections has to take this into account. The eminent therapeutic importance of the 5-Nitro-Imidazoles is discussed.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1980

[Modern requirements of data processing in nuclear medicine (author's transl)].

Having used a computer system for nuclear medicine for a period of seven years, our experience in its routine use has been evaluated. From this experience, and the present state of computer technique, the demands placed on the computer by scanners, gamma cameras and dynamic measurements have been assessed. Although available hardware meets the demands of present techniques in nuclear medicine, the corresponding software has not yet reached a satisfactory stage of development. There is still a lack of generally recognised, tested and standardised basic principles.

Computers↗
PubMed1980

[Leukocyte migration inhibition test in multiple sclerosis - results of a migration technic according to Clausen using brain specific antigens].

The leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF) was examined in 57 test persons--27 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and 30 normals--with the indirect and the direct leucocyte migration inhibition test in agarose (LMIAT). The stimulation of lymphocytes was carried out by the application of myelin basic protein (BP) and a membrane-associated antigen of normal brain (NTA). The mean value of controls +/- 2 s and the migration index less than or equal to 0,80 were used for limiting. In the indirect technique could be established significant group effects (NTA- and BP-values of MS cases compared to the controls) after 10 hours of incubation. The direct method showed in MS patients a significant lowered migration-index on an average after stimulation with the NTA; controls gave negative findings (except two cases). The valence of the test system and prospective modifications for further results were indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[In vitro activity of the oxa-beta-lactam LY 127935 against Bacteroides fragilis and other anaerobic gram-negative rods (author's transl)].

The susceptibility of 115 Bacteroidaceae strains to LY 127935 was determined by broth dilution, agar dilution and agar diffusion tests. Simultaneously, the strains were tested for degradation of the oxa-beta-lactam. Only five strains (3 Bacteroides fragilis and 3 Bacteroides oralis/Bacteroides bivius) partially degraded LY 127935. No major discrepancies between the results of the agar dilution and broth dilution tests were observed. According to the results obtained by the agar dilution method, 50 strains of B. fragilus were inhibited by concentrations of less than or equal to 8 microgram oxa-beta-lactam per ml. Members of the Bacteroides melaninogenicus group of organisms had agar dilution MICs of less than or equal to 0.5 microgram LY 127935 per ml and Fusobacterium/Sphaerophorus species were inhibited by less than or equal to 64 microgram/ml. Strains of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, B. oralis/B. bivius and Bacteroides spp. were less susceptible. Due to the narrow range of MICs observed with B. fragilis strains, no regression line could be computed for the relationship between MIC and zone size.

Bacteroides↗
PubMed1980

Investigations on formation and occurrence of volatile nitrosamines in Danish cheese.

The formation and occurrence of volatile nitrosamines in Danish cheese has been studied. The investigations showed that nitrosamines are evenly distributed within a given cheese and between cheeses from the same lot. No influence of production factors, such as nitrate addition, composition and type of cheese, storage or packaging conditions, could be demonstrated. Seventy-six percent of 156 samples of commercially produced Danish cheeses contained no nitrosamines ((detection limit 0.1 micrograms/kg). Trace amounts (0.1-0.3 micrograms/kg) of nitrosamines were found in 22% of the samples and 2% contained 0.6-0.7 micrograms/kg. Forty-two percent of 19 cheeses imported to Denmark contained no nitrosamines. Trace amounts of nitrosamines were found in 37% of the samples and 21% contained 0.4-3.6 micrograms/kg. Cheese samples from retail shops had slightly higher contents of nitrosamines than samples taken at dairy plants.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The induction of gastric mucosal tolerance to alcohol by chronic administration.

Acute alcohol intake produces marked damage to gastric mucosa. Whether gastric mucosa develops tolerance to repeated alcohol administration is unknown. To test this, we compared the effects of acute and chronic alcohol administration in male rats. Thirty-one Sprague-Dawley rats maintained on Chow diet received the following: group A, water for 4 weeks; group B, 50% EtOH for 4 weeks; group C, water for 4 weeks, then 8 hr prior to sacrifice 50% EtOH; group D, 50% EtOH for 4 weeks, then alcohol 8 hr prior to sacrifice. Control animals did not show macroscopic or microscopic changes in fundic or pyloric mucosa. The percentage fundic mucosa showing lesions (49%) in the acute EtOH group (group C) was significantly greater than in control (0%), chronic EtOH group (group B, 8%), and chronic plus acute EtOH (group D, 14%). Pyloric lesions were not significantly diferent between treatment groups C (9%), B (4%), and D (8%). Histologic changes in group C (acute alcohol) consisted of superficial erosions accompanied by severe hemorrhagic changes in the upper part of the gastric mucosa. In group B (chronic alcohol) and group D (chronic + acute alcohol) changes consisted of small superficial erosions without hemorrhagic changes. Our study shows that damage in rat gastrc fundic mucosa following acute intragastric administration of EtOH is significantly less in rats receiving EtOH chronically than in rats receiving only acute EtOH. We conclude that rat gastric mucosa is capable of developing tolerance to repeated administration of 50% alcohol.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1980

[Examinations on the occurrence of free-living amoebae with possible pathogenic traits in swimming pools (author's transl)].

Water of basins and filters taken from 9 indoor-pools and 5 heated outdoor-pools has been tested for free-living amoebae by means of filtration and subsequent cultivation on agar and in fluid media. In 94.6% of the samples taken from basins and in 60.7% of the samples taken from flushing back filter water, amoebae could be cultivated which all belonged to the genus of Acanthamoeba. They were tested for pathogenic symptoms by means of mouse inoculation tests, temperature tolerance tests, cross-reaction in the immunofluorescence test, and on tissue culture. 19 strains of amoebae could be re-isolated from lungs and brains of healthy mice. Only after the third series of inoculation from animal to animal, for mice characteristic pathogenic symptoms could be observed. The importance of acanthamoebae in swimming pools to the health of men cannot be estimated yet. But existing findings did not deliver reason for grave concern.

Amoeba↗
PubMed1979

[Antibiotic-induced pseudomembranous Clostridium difficile colitis. A new etiopathogenetically definable infectious disease].

Pseudomembranous colitis has been recognized as a complication of antimicrobial therapy since 1952. Most recently, evidence has been accumulated showing that a heat labile toxin is involved. Though little is known so far about the normal ecology of C. difficile and the host factors of potential importance in the development of colitis by this anaerobe, antimicrobial agent-induced suppression of the normal gut flora seems to be a major factor leading to the intestinal proliferation of resistant toxinogenic C. difficile. Factors independent of susceptibility are, however, probably responsible for cases of pseudomembranous colitis associated with penicillin, ampicillin, and other antibiotics active against C. difficile. In monitoring antibiotic therapy, the application of selective media for the isolation of C. difficile from faecal specimens and proper tools for the demonstration of toxin and the study of immunity might prove to be fruitful from both a diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoint. In established pseudomembranous colitis treatment consists of oral vancomycin (2 g/day), cholestyramine and, if necessary, intensive intravenous regimen.

Anaerobiosis↗