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Biomedical subjects

H Werner

Publications and source records attributed to H Werner.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Efficacy of tinidazole against anaerobes in comparison with metronidazole, ornidazole, cefoxitin and lamoxactam].

The in vitro inhibitory activity of tinidazole, metronidazole, ornidazole, cefoxitin and moxalactam was determined against 150 isolates of clinically important anaerobes including Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides bivius and Clostridium perfringens by means of agar dilution tests. The members of 18 gramnegative and 14 grampositive species were inhibited by tinidazole at less than or equal to 0,01-8 micrograms/ml thus being without exception susceptible to the drug. A similar in vitro activity was recorded for metronidazole and ornidazole. Though cefoxitin and moxalactam generally had a good in vitro activity against most anaerobic species, single strains of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, B. distasonis, Clostridium difficile and Eubacterium rectale were resistant to these drugs. With regard to its in vitro activity, tinidazole seems to be a promising substance for the therapy of anaerobic infections.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗
PubMed1983

In vitro activity of azlocillin, metronidazole and its hydroxy metabolite against anaerobes. Bacteriostatic synergism studies.

The in vitro inhibitory activity of azlocillin (Securopen), metronidazole (Cloni) and its hydroxy metabolite was determined against 27 gram-negative and 13 gram-positive species of anaerobes by means of agar dilution tests. The 63 anaerobic strains were also tested against the pairs azlocillin-metronidazole and azlocillin-hydroxy metabolite by means of agar dilution tests. Gram-negative species (Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp. etc.) were inhibited by 0.125-256 micrograms/ml azlocillin, 0.01-4 micrograms/ml metronidazole and 0.01-4 micrograms/ml hydroxy metabolite. With gram-positive anaerobes (Clostridium spp., Peptococcaceae etc.) the MIC ranges were 0.125-4 micrograms/ml for azlocillin, 0.03-1 micrograms/ml for metronidazole and 0.125-2 micrograms/ml for the hydroxy metabolite. A synergistic effect was observed exclusively with gram-negative anaerobes (Bacteroides fragilis, B. thetaiotaomicron, B. disiens etc.). There were few instances of antagonism, likewise with gram-negative species. The preponderant combination effect against gram-positive anaerobes was addition. In view of the broad antiaerobic spectrum of azlocillin, the present in vitro findings do not preclude combined therapy with metronidazole in cases of anaerobic-aerobic poly-bacterial infections.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1982

Cefsulodin concentrations in rabbit eyes after intravenous and subconjunctival administration.

Experimental studies on rabbit eyes were performed to examine the penetration capacity of cefsulodin into the anterior chamber and the vitreous body. One group of animals was injected with 50 mg/kg body weight intravenously, the other group received 20 mg subconjunctivally. Samples of the anterior chamber and the vitreous body were taken from the anaesthetized animals after 15, 30, 60 and 120 min (6 eyes at each time). The corresponding serum concentrations were determined as well. Cefsulodin concentrations were measured microbiologically with agar diffusion tests. At each time studied, the antibiotic could be detected in the anterior chamber after intravenous injection. Concentrations ranged from 2 to 5.2 mg/l. Similar results were found after subconjunctival application. In no case the antibiotic was detectable in the vitreous body. The pharmacokinetics of cefsulodin in the rabbit eye seem to be comparable to the behaviour of other beta-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycosides. As cefsulodin is able to penetrate into the anterior chamber, it might be a useful antibiotic for therapy of eye infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cellular immunity in glomerulonephritis.

58 patients (25 with GN, 13 with PN, 10 with hypernephroma, and 10 healthy controls) were tested for t-cell activity against glomerular basement membrane antigen (GBMA), total renal antigen (TRA), hypernephroma antigen (HyA), HEP, and PPD by means of the electrophoretic mobility test described by Field and Caspary. Positive reactions to GMBA were demonstrated in 21 to 25 GN patients, and 2 of 13 PN patients. There was no reaction among the hypernephroma patients or the controls. Lymphocytes from all 10 hypernephroma patients, but only 1 of the other 37 patients tested, were sensitized against HyA. No conclusion may be drawn regarding the pathogenetic relevance of the findings, but attention is drawn to the diagnostic value of tests based on these results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[The inhibition of the electrophoretic-mobility-test: an in vitro assay for the estimation of activities in anti-lymphokine and anti-lymphocyte sera (author's transl)].

Human purified lymphocytes from peripheral blood were stimulated by Con A and the concentrated supernatants were used to induce antibodies in rabbits. These anti-lymphokine immune sera were able to inhibit the electrophoretic-mobility-test (EMT) which was performed using supernatants of lymphocytes stimulated by Con A and tanned sheep red blood cells as indicator particles. Since the inhibition is strongly dose dependent the test system appears to demonstrate and compare anti-lymphokine activities in different sera. When anti-human lymphocyte globulin (Dessau, DDR) was tested in the same test system these sera had the capacity to inhibit the EMT completely.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Local BCG-immunotherapy in bladder cancer patients. Immunological follow-up studies.

In a controlled clinical study 10 patients with bladder cancer were treated with an additional local BCG-therapy. For this investigations only patients with tumour stage T1-2 NO MO were elected. The local BCG-therapy was done as intralesional BCG-injections, the interval between each management was 4 weeks over a period of 4 months to 1 year. Under this treatment in all 10 patients tumor regression in different forms was seen. In 5 patients the tumor was not more found, neither in clinical nor in histological examinations. Side effects of the therapy were: influenza-like syndrome (6 patients), mild temperature (6 patients), increase of liver transaminases (5 patients), and granulomas in lung and liver (2 patients). In the immunological follow-up studies we have seen an increase of the lymphocyte activity against tumor-associated antigen from bladder cancer tissue in the electrophoretic mobility test in 6 patients. The results in skin testing, using 5 recall-antigens and DNFB, showed an increase of reactivity in only 4 patients. The total number of lymphocytes increased over a longer period. We didn't find typical humoral changes. The results of our 10 patients show that an intralesional BCG-therapy could be successful in 5 patients. The effect of BCG for immunostimulation was seen in vitro in 6 patients and in vivo in 4 patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[The immunologic behavior of carcinoma in situ of the bladder].

A report is given on 13 patients with c. i. s. of the bladder, which are examined in vivo and in vitro with respect to their immune reactivity. In skin tests with 5 recall antigens and the primary antigen DNFB there is no difference as compared with a control group of 29 patients. In an EM test 11 of the 13 patients with c. i. s. reacted with histospecific lymphocyte sensitisation, 10 out of 13 positive results were obtained with the antigen HEP. These findings support the current view of c. i. s. of the bladder as the first stage of a malign degeneration.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Measurement of antilymphokine serum activities by the electrophoretic mobility test.

Purified human lymphocytes from peripheral blood were stimulated by Con A and the concentrated supernatants were used to induce antibodies in rabbits. These antilymphokine immune sera (ALKS) were able to inhibit the electrophoretic mobility of indicator cells, which was performed using supernatants of lymphocytes stimulated by Con A or PPD and tanned sheep red blood cells as indicator particles. If the method is standardized it is possible to compare several ALKS from different origin even in different models.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1981

[Prophylaxis and treatment of respiratory tract infection in ventilated patients by endotracheal administration of aminoglycosides (author's transl)].

The effects of intratracheal administration of gentamicin on frequency of bacterial contamination of the trachea and respiratory tract infection were assessed in a controlled and prospective study in 20 patients on a respirator. Gentamicin was instilled undiluted 6-hourly in a dosage of 40 mg into the trachea. Compared with a control group (n = 20), patients with intratracheal gentamicin instillation showed earlier reduction of tracheal bacterial contamination and during further ventilation a diminished rate of colonisation of the trachea. There was no evidence of an increase of Candida albicans. Pneumonic infiltrations regressed earlier in patients with intratracheal gentamicin. Respiratory tract infections were less frequent during continued artificial ventilation than in the control group. In ventilated patients intratracheal aminoglycosides can thus be recommended for prophylaxis of respiratory tract infections.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Presence of diaminopimelic acid in propionate-negative Bacteroides species and in some butyric acid-producing strains.

AThe presence of diaminopimelic acid (m-DAP) in strains of Bacteroides melaninogenicus, B. bivius and other species as well as in unidentified strains of Bacteroides was investigated by thin-layer chromatography. Strains of B. bivius and B. disiens all contained m-DAP as did the subspecies intermedius and melaninogenicus of B. melaninogenicus. Strains of B. asaccharolyticus and similar black pigment-producing butyrate-positive isolates showed heterogeneity. Asaccharolytic strains were DAP negative, whereas two strains fermenting glucose were positive. Some of the non-pigmented propionate-negative and butyrate-negative unidentified strains also contained DAP. The consistent finding of m-DAP in strains of B. bivius, B. disiens, and B. melaninogenicus indicates that DAP detection might be of value in the identification of these species.

Amino Acids, Diamino↗
PubMed1981

Heterogenicity and specificity of tumor associated antigens (TAA) and fetal antigens (FA) as detected by 51Cr-LAI test and EM test in mouse sarcomas.

Soluble extracts (3M KCl) were prepared from tumor tissue and mouse fetuses. After separation of ULTROGEL AcA 34 single fractions of these antigens were incubated with spleen cells of tumor bearing, respectively pregnant mice and the response was detected by 51Cr-LAI and/or EM techniques. There was only a partial correlation between the results of both test systems. Different antigen activities were found in three regions of molecular weight: P1 (200,000-250,000), P2 (120,000-160,000) and P3 (50,000-60,000). Individual specific activity was detected in P2 fractions of TAA whereas P3 fractions of TAA and FA as well as P1 fraction of FA revealed cross reactivities. Pregnant specificity was localized in P2 fraction of FA.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Latent toxoplasma-infection as a possible risk factor for CNS-disorders.

In histological and immunobiological studies of recognizable damage at the CNS level, mice with chronic or latent T. gondii infection were used as a model. It could be demonstrated that metabolic products of the encysted parasite may lead to toxicosis causing inflammatory granulomatous changes of perivascular areas. Progressive deposition of necrotic material may finally result in an occlusion and subsequent sclerosis of vessels. Immunologically, the presence of these metabolic products (exoantigens) could be demonstrated in the area of perivascular cuffing. In the damaged brains, only T. gondii cysts were found; other stages of the parasite were missing. The histopathological CNS changes observed in the mice were identical with those described in humans. Since toxoplasms preferentially settle in the CNS, infections of early childhood may indirectly result in degenerative disease causing an impairment of CNS function. This hypothesis is supported by other studies whose authors found that educationally subnormal children and adolescents exhibited a far greater proportion of antibodies to toxoplasms, i.e. were infected by the parasite, than normally developing children of identical ages.

Animals↗