Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Wada

Publications and source records attributed to H Wada.

At least 793 records · Page 44Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Availability of DDAVP in hemostasis control for the breast tumor resection in a patient with thrombasthenia (type II)].

We reported a 33-year-old woman with thrombasthenia (type II) in whom 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) was available for the hemostasis control during breast tumor resection. She has had recurrent nasal bleeding and purpura since 2 years old. On the first admission to our hospital because of hematuria at 18 years old, she was diagnosed as thrombasthenia (type II) from hemostatic studies. At 20 years old, she had a healthy baby by the cesarean section with transfusion of fresh blood and platelet concentrates. On the 5th admission for the breast tumor resection, defect of glycoprotein II b-III a of her platelets was confirmed by using SDS gel electrophoresis. Recently, there are some reports on availability of DDAVP for hemostatic control in platelet dysfunction of various etiologies as well as mild hemophilia and von Willebrand disease. So, DDAVP (0.4 microgram/kg) was used for hemostasis control. After 1 hour, the bleeding time was shortened from over 10 to 4 min, platelet adhesiveness to glass beads increased from 1.8 to 37%. Furthermore, the levels of Ristocetin cofactor and von Willebrand factor antigen (especially large multimer) also increased. But platelet aggregation with various inducers remained unchanged before and after infusion. Breast tumor (fibroadenoma) resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evolution and development of membrane components in erythroid precursor cells in newly-developed two phase culture system.

A selective two phase liquid culture system for human erythroid progenitors was established, utilizing mononuclear cells obtained from human peripheral blood. The culture was performed in the presence of PHA-leukocyte conditioned medium for 7 days as the first phase, and nonphagocytic cells were recultured under hypoxic culture conditions containing iron-saturated transferrin and erythropoietin. During the second phase of the culture, differentiation to orthochromatic erythroblasts was observed on day 4, and to denucleated cells on day 8 with 16.8 +/- 0.7 micrograms/10(6) cells of hemoglobin level, respectively. Flow cytometric analyses revealed that, on day 3, cells became type M-positive, and the expression of ABH increased gradually corresponding to the extent of erythroid maturation. Lewis antigens and P antigens were expressed at day 5. The system is beneficial for studies on human membrane disorders, because the erythroid progenitors in human peripheral blood were utilized and the reasonable number of erythroid cells (0.5-1.5 x 10(7] was obtained with good erythroid maturation, such as denucleated erythrocytes.

Antigens↗
PubMed1989

Different patterns of leakage of cytosolic and mitochondrial enzymes.

The mechanisms of leakage of intracellular enzymes, and especially the cytosolic and mitochondrial isozymes of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in ischemic rat liver were studied. On recirculation of ischemic liver, cytosolic AST (cAST) promptly appeared in the blood. Release of cytosolic enzymes, including cAST and lactic dehydrogenase, resulted from disruption of blebs that protruded from parenchymal cells into the sinusoidal space. When these blebs were formed in ischemic liver, mitochondria still remained in core regions of the injured cells and were not found in the blebs. Consistent with this fact, mitochondrial AST (mAST) did not leak into the circulation from ischemic liver until most of the cAST had leaked out. This delayed leakage of mitochondrial enzymes was also consistent with the fact that the mitochondrial membranes maintained a diffusion barrier against matrix enzymes even after anoxia for 2 h, when their oxidative phosphorylation capacity had been lost. These results indicate that mitochondrial enzymes are liberated into the blood only after appreciable disintegration of the cells, probably necrosis, and that the cumulative activity of mAST in the blood should reflect the extent of necrosis in ischemic organs better than that of cAST.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Cell type-specific expression of the genes for the protein kinase C family: down regulation of mRNAs for PKC alpha and nPKC epsilon upon in vitro differentiation of a mouse neuroblastoma cell line neuro 2a.

By the use of cloned cDNAs for protein kinase C isozymes alpha, beta I, beta II, gamma, and those for novel protein kinase C, epsilon and zeta, the expression of the corresponding mRNA species was examined in various mouse tissues, human lymphoid cell lines, and mouse cell lines of neuronal origin. In adult brain, mRNAs for all the isozymes of PKC family are expressed. However, the expression of these mRNA species in brain is low at birth. A similar pattern of expression was also observed for beta I/beta II mRNAs in spleen. These expression patterns are in clear contrast to that for beta I/beta II mRNAs in thymus where the mRNAs are expressed at birth and the levels of expression decrease with age. Human lymphoid cell lines express large amounts of PKC beta mRNAs in addition to PKC alpha. Further, nPKC epsilon mRNA is expressed in some of these cell lines. On the other hand, all the mouse cell lines of neuronal origin tested express nPKC epsilon and zeta in addition to PKC alpha. In a mouse neuroblast cell line, Neuro 2a, down modulation of mRNAs for both PKC alpha and nPKC epsilon was observed in association with in vitro differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Characterization of histamine H1-receptors on astrocytes in primary culture: [3H]mepyramine binding studies.

The characteristics of histamine H1-receptors on astrocytes from the cerebral cortex of newborn rats in primary culture were analyzed with a [3H]mepyramine binding assay, and compared with those in the cerebral cortex. The apparent dissociation constant (KD) of [3H]mepyramine binding, the apparent inhibition constants (Ki) of various H1-ligands for [3H]mepyramine binding and the stereoselectivity of d- and l-chlorpheniramine for the inhibition of [3H]mepyramine binding to receptors on cultured astrocytes and to receptors in the brain tissue were very similar, indicating that these receptors are identical. The apparent density of H1-receptors (Bmax) on astrocytes was 262 +/- 60 fmol/mg protein, which was comparable to that in the brain tissue (194 +/- 24 fmol/mg protein). The development of H1-receptors on cultured astrocytes resembled the postnatal development of the receptors in the rat brain. These results suggest that astrocytes could be one of the main targets of the central histaminergic system.

Aminopyridines↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of histamine release from rat hypothalamic slices by omega-conotoxin GVIA, but not by nilvadipine, a dihydropyridine derivative.

Histamine release in response to 40 mM high K+-stimulation from the rat hypothalamic slice preparations perifused in vitro was significantly inhibited by 1.0 nM-1.0 microM omega-conotoxin GVIA, a peptide modulator of N- and L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels, but not by similar concentrations of nilvadipine, a dihydropyridine derivative of L-type calcium channel antagonist. These results indicate that the voltage-sensitive calcium channel controlling histamine release from hypothalamic slices is omega-conotoxin-sensitive but dihydropyridine-insensitive.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of histamine on thermosensitive neurons in rat preoptic slice preparations.

Single neuronal activities were recorded extracellularly from slice preparations of the rat preoptic area and effects of histamine (0.01 10 microM) on the activities were examined with regard to thermosensitivies of the neurons. Superfusion of histamine increased the firing rate in 52 of 75 warm-sensitive neurons and in 22 of 41 thermally insensitive neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Ten (3%) warm-sensitive neurons and 6 (15%) thermally insensitive neurons were inhibited by histamine. Mepyramine (10 microM) (H1-antagonist), but not famotidine (H2-antagonist), blocked the histamine (10 microM) induced excitation in 19 (76%) of 25 warm-sensitive neurons and in 6 (75%) of 8 thermally insensitive neurons. These results suggest that histamine excites both warm-sensitive and thermally insensitive neurons in the preoptic area mainly via the H1-receptor.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Contents of dopamine sulfoconjugate isomers and their desulfation in dog arteries.

In humans and dogs, the plasma contains little free dopamine, and dopamine is almost all present in two isomeric forms of conjugates with sulfate esters, dopamine-3-O-sulfate and dopamine 4-O-sulfate. These two isomers differ in metabolic stability and biological activity. The physiological role of dopamine sulfates is controversial. In the present study on dogs, noradrenaline, dopamine and the two dopamine sulfate isomers in the peripheral arteries were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the possibility that dopamine sulfate isomers are deconjugated in the arteries as a source of free dopamine was examined. The arteries were found to contain free dopamine and dopamine 3-O-sulfate at concentrations of 0.09-0.54 and 0.008-0.015 pmol/mg wet tissue, respectively. No dopamine 4-O-sulfate was found in the arteries or the plasma. Arylsulfatase activity was assayed by incubating a crude extract of arterial homogenate with dopamine 3-O-sulfate or dopamine 4-O-sulfate and measuring the dopamine produced. Exogenous dopamine 4-O-sulfate was desulfated by the extract, but dopamine 3-O-sulfate, which is the predominant isomer in the artery, was not desulfated by the extract. These results suggest that dopamine sulfate is not converted to dopamine in physiological conditions in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Hypercoagulable state in the Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit, an animal model for the progression of atherosclerosis. Effect of probucol on coagulation.

Blood coagulation in a strain of rabbits designated as Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits was examined. The activities of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, contact factors and clotting factor VIII (F VIII) and the fibrinogen level were significantly higher in WHHL rabbits than in normolipidemic rabbits (all age groups). Values for vitamin K-dependent clotting factor were already higher at 2 months of age. Contact factors and fibrinogen levels increased age after 5 to 8 months. F VIII increased between 5 and 8 months and then decreased. At 2 months of age, WHHL rabbits were divided into two groups. Group A was fed standard rabbit chow and group B standard rabbit chow containing 1% probucol. Probucol prevented the progression of atherosclerosis in group B in the absence of a significant reduction in plasma cholesterol level. F VIII and fibrinogen levels were statistically decreased in all rabbits at all ages in group B (P less than 0.05). These differences in clotting factors between the two groups were most obvious at 8 months (P less than 0.02). We conclude that vitamin K-dependent clotting factors may increase with hyperlipemia and that increases in F VIII and fibrinogen may be closely related to the progression of thromboatherosclerosis.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Human thrombin plus 5 per cent ethanolamine oleate injected to sclerose oesophageal varices: a prospective randomized trial.

Fifty cirrhotic Japanese patients with oesophageal varices underwent sclerotherapy in a prospective randomized trial carried out to examine the effects of human thrombin given concomitantly with the sclerosant 5 per cent ethanolamine oleate. The two groups (25 patients each) were comparable with regard to size of the oesophageal varices, and the aetiology and severity of the liver disease. Twenty-five patients, 13 and 12 in the thrombin + and - groups, respectively, had at least one episode of variceal bleeding. The remaining 25 were given prophylactic injections. There was a significantly lower rate of occurrence of bleeding from injection sites when the injection needle was removed at the initial session of sclerotherapy in the thrombin + group, where human thrombin was injected (0.2-0.3 ml, 100-150 units per injection) just before removal of the injection needle. Endoscopy at 1 week after the initial session showed a significantly (P less than 0.05) higher rate of disappearance of red colour signs on varices in the thrombin + group (96 per cent) than in the thrombin - group (72 per cent). Fibrin degradation product E-fraction (FDP-E) values increased 1 h, 1 day and 6 days after the initial session of sclerotherapy in the two groups. The rate of increase in FDP-E values 1 h after sclerotherapy was significantly larger (P less than 0.001) in the thrombin + than in the thrombin - group. There was no clinical sign of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Administration of human thrombin plus a sclerosant seems to be useful and efficacious, especially for patients with huge oesophageal varices.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1989

An evaluation of the tolerance of the autotransplanted canine lung against warm ischemia.

Left lung autotransplantation was performed in mongrel dogs to examine the limitation of tolerance of the deflated lung against warm ischemia in a warm ischemic time (WIT) range of 60-360 minutes. The animals were divided into the 4 following groups according to the duration of WIT and the use of heparin: Group 1; WIT 60-120 min., heparin (-), Group 2; WIT 120-240 min., heparin (+), Group 3; WIT 240-360 min., heparin (+), and Group 4; WIT 240-360 min., heparin (-). All the Group 1 animals tolerated a right pulmonary artery ligation on the 6th postoperative day, but some of the Group 2 animals died immediately after the reimplantation due to pulmonary edema. All the Groups 3 and 4 animals died. The PaO2 values during the right pulmonary artery occlusion, immediately after the reimplantation, correlated well with the survival of the animals. The maximum tolerable WIT of the deflated dog lung was considered to be 120 minutes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Establishment of five human myeloma cell lines.

Five human myeloma cell lines, KMM-1, KMS-5, KMS-11, KMS-12-PE, and KMS-12-BM, have been established at Kawasaki Medical School since 1980. As the KMS-12-PE and KMS-12-BM lines were obtained from the same patient, these five cell lines have been derived from four patients with multiple myeloma. The five myeloma cell lines are stably growing at present in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. They can also grow in a defined culture medium without serum. That these cell lines were human myeloma cells was confirmed by the following findings. Ultrastructurally, all five cell lines showed features characteristic of plasma cells. KMM-1 and KMS-11 cells secreted lambda and kappa chains into the culture medium, respectively, but the other cell lines produced no immunoglobulins. KMM-1 expressed cytoplasmic lambda antigen, KMS-5 showed cytoplasmic delta, and KMS-11 expressed surface kappa, whereas KMS-12-PE and KMS-12-BM cells showed no surface or cytoplasmic immunoglobulins. Regarding reaction with a monoclonal plasma cell antibody (PCA-1), four of the five lines were positive, the exception being KMS-5. Another monoclonal antibody (CD38), which also recognizes plasma cells, responded to KMM-1, KMS-12-PE, and KSM-12-BM. KMS-5 cells expressed acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigens (CALLA). These data suggest that such lines as KMM-1, KMS-11, KMS-12-PE, and KMS-12-BM represent later stages of B-cell differentiation, and that KMS-5 represents a relatively early stage of B-cell differentiation. All the cell lines lacked Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, showed abnormal karyotypes of human origin, and differed from each other in the isozyme patterns examined. Only KMS-5 was tumorigenic when transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

S-100 antigen and calmodulin in human leukemic cells.

Both S-100 antigen and calmodulin were shown in normal lymphocytes with S-100 being decreased in lymphocytic leukemia cells. Although small amounts of S-100 antigen and calmodulin were shown in acute myeloblastic leukemia cells, they could not be detected in normal granulocytes. In lymphoblastic leukemia, S-100 antigen levels in T-cell leukemia cells were higher than in B-cell leukemia cells, while calmodulin was decreased in chronic leukemia cells. In mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes, the levels of S-100 antigen were decreased, while those of calmodulin were either increased or unchanged. Calcium-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase was highest in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These data suggest, therefore, that calcium ions may play a role in the proliferation, differentiation or leukemic change in lymphocytes and, hence, that measurement of calcium binding proteins may be useful in the investigation of leukemia cells or lymphocytes.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1989

Distribution of the omega-conotoxin receptor in rat brain. An autoradiographic mapping.

The distribution of [125I]omega-conotoxin GVIA binding sites, the putative voltage-sensitive calcium channels, was studied by an autoradiographic method in the rat brain. The toxin binding sites were distributed throughout the brain in a highly heterogeneous manner. The highest density of the binding sites was observed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdaloid complex, substantia nigra, caudate putamen, superior colliculus, nucleus of the solitary tract, and the dorsal horn of the cervical spine. The glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb, molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex, and posterior lobe of the hypophysis showed intermediate density but the density was higher than in the surrounding areas. The globus pallidus, thalamic areas, inferior olive, and pontine nuclei showed low density, while no binding sites were observed in the white matter tract regions such as the internal and external capsule, corpus callosum, fimbria of the hippocampus, fornix, stria medullaris of the thalamus, and fasciculus retroflexus. This distribution of omega-conotoxin binding sites indicates that the toxin binding sites are localized in those areas of the brain enriched in synaptic connections. This distribution pattern resembles that reported for voltage-sensitive sodium channels but it differs from that of the binding sites of dihydropyridines and verapamil. These results suggest that omega-conotoxin recognizes different molecules from organic calcium channel antagonist binding sites and that omega-conotoxin-sensitive voltage-sensitive calcium channels are concentrated in the synaptic zones and play a key role in the excitation-secretion coupling of neurotransmitters.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Molecular cloning and sequencing of a cDNA of rat dopa decarboxylase: partial amino acid homologies with other enzymes synthesizing catecholamines.

Dopa decarboxylase (DDC; aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase; aromatic-L-amino-acid carboxylase, EC 4.1.1.28) was purified from rat liver and its partial sequence was determined. Synthetic oligonucleotides were used to construct and screen rat liver cDNA libraries, and three clones were isolated and sequenced. The 2 kilobases of DDC cDNA cloned consisted of a 5'-noncoding segment of 78 nucleotides, a coding region of 1440 nucleotides, and a 3'-noncoding region of 438 nucleotides. The encoded protein of 480 amino acid residues had a molecular weight of 54,000. A special feature of the primary structure of rat DDC was a repeating structure consisting of 29 amino acid residues. A sequence of 58 amino acid residues, including this repeating structure of rat DDC, was found to show homologies with those of rat tyrosine hydroxylase, human dopamine beta-hydroxylase, and bovine phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, other mammalian enzymes that synthesize catecholamines. These results indicate that catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes are structurally related and suggest that their homologous domains are important for catechol-protein interactions.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Myocardial sensitization by thiopental to arrhythmogenic action of epinephrine in dogs.

This study examined the interaction between thiopental and epinephrine in inducing ventricular arrhythmias in dogs. The arrhythmogenic threshold of epinephrine was determined during anesthesia with either halothane alone, thiopental alone, etomidate plus different doses of thiopental, or halothane plus different doses of thiopental. The arrhythmogenic dose and the corresponding plasma concentration of epinephrine during thiopental anesthesia (plasma thiopental concentration: 46-57 micrograms/ml) were 0.77 +/- 0.04 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 and 10.7 +/- 1.5 ng/ml, respectively. During halothane anesthesia (end-tidal: 1.3 MAC) they were 2.59 +/- 0.49 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 and 45.3 +/- 9.2 ng/ml, respectively. The dose-effect relationship for the thiopental action was examined during etomidate plus thiopental and halothane plus thiopental anesthesia. The arrhythmogenic plasma concentration of epinephrine was inversely proportional to the plasma thiopental concentration during both anesthetics. During etomidate plus thiopental anesthesia, at plasma thiopental concentrations of 0, 11.2 +/- 0.83, 20.1 +/- 1.34, and 33.2 +/- 1.95 micrograms/ml, the corresponding epinephrine concentrations were 201.3 +/- 34.3, 142 +/- 19.5, 69.1 +/- 21.2, and 22.7 +/- 4.5 ng/ml. During halothane plus thiopental anesthesia, at plasma thiopental concentrations of 0, 10 +/- 0.86, 18.3 +/- 0.87, and 31.8 +/- 1.05 micrograms/ml, the corresponding epinephrine concentrations were 45.3 +/- 9.2, 34.6 +/- 8.9, 16.2 +/- 1.74, and 15.1 +/- 1.32 micrograms/ml, respectively. These results suggest that thiopental sensitizes the heart to epinephrine in a dose-dependent manner. This sensitizing action of thiopental would in part explain the thiopental potentiation of hydrocarbon anesthetic-epinephrine arrhythmias.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1989

Nerve endings in palm skin grafts.

We examined regeneration of Meissner corpuscles in palm skin grafts. In only one of the specimens (split-thickness skin graft from the sole of the foot), numerous regenerated Meissner corpuscles were found in the dermal papilla. This suggests that the nerve pattern of the graft depends on reinnervation from the recipient site and the regeneration of encapsulated nerve endings contained in the graft. It is recommended that skin grafts containing the encapsulated nerve endings be used in digits to obtain a satisfactory recovery of the sensory function.

Adolescent↗