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Biomedical subjects

H Wada

Publications and source records attributed to H Wada.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The role of alpha 1- and alpha 2-adrenoceptors in canine systemic capacitance vessels--a study with measurement of mean circulatory pressure.

We investigated the presence of alpha-adrenoceptor subtypes in systemic capacitance vessels by examining the effects of alpha 1- and alpha 2-agonists or antagonists on the mean circulatory pressure (MCP). Dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital, and after total spinal anesthesia, epinephrine was given intravenously to maintain mean blood pressure at about 80 mmHg. 1. With intravenous injection of phenylephrine (alpha 1-agonist, 10 micrograms/kg, n = 7), and of BHT 920 (alpha 2-agonist, 5 micrograms/kg, n = 7), MCP increased significantly from 9.8 +/- 0.4 (mean +/- SE) to 10.9 +/- 0.3 mmHg (+11.2%, p less than 0.01), and from 9.3 +/- 0.4 to 10.3 +/- 0.4 mmHg (+10.8%, p less than 0.05), respectively. 2. Intravenous injection of prazosin (alpha 1-antagonist, 150 micrograms/kg, n = 7) and of yohimbine (alpha 2-antagonist, 30 micrograms/kg, n = 7) decreased MCP significantly from 9.9 +/- 0.4 to 8.2 +/- 0.5 mmHg (-17.2%, p less than 0.01), and from 9.8 +/- 0.2 to 7.6 +/- 0.3 mmHg (-22.4%, p less than 0.01), respectively. 3. Intravenous injection of phenylephrine (10 micrograms/kg, n = 7) after pretreatment with prazosin (150 micrograms/kg) decreased MCP significantly from 9.5 +/- 0.3 to 7.8 +/- 0.3 mmHg (-17.9%, p less than 0.01). MCP decreased significantly from 9.9 +/- 0.3 to 8.2 +/- 0.3 mmHg (-17.2%, p less than 0.01) after intravenous injection of BHT 920 (5 micrograms/kg, n = 7) following pretreatment with yohimbine (30 micrograms/kg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1990

[Ectopic production of amylase by a non-producing type of multiple myeloma].

The patient was a 64-year-old woman who was admitted to our hospital because of lumbago. A diagnosis of multiple myeloma (non-producing type) was made, based on (1) the presence of multiple osteolytic lesions, (2) hypercellular marrow with 64.2% plasmacytoid malignant cells, (3) no monoclonal gamma-globulin was detected in the serum and urine, and (4) abnormal monoclonal gamma-globulin was also not detected in the cytoplasm and membranes of these malignant cells. After several courses of chemotherapy, a pleural effusion infiltrated by myeloma cells developed and the patient's serum contained a markedly increased amylase activity of salivary-type. Amylase activity was also detected in vitro in the supernatant of cultured myeloma cells established from the patient's pleural effusion. The presence of alpha-amylase in the myeloma cells, which were derived from pleural effusion, was demonstrated immuno-histochemically. These observations indicates that amylase was ectopically produced by these myeloma cells. Interestingly, 14 out of 20 metaphases in the cells derived from pleural effusion showed translocation of 1p22 near the region of 1p21, where the amylase gene was assigned.

Amylases↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of a bronchial anastomosis by laser Doppler velocimetry.

Healing after bronchoplasty was evaluated by assessing the bronchial mucosal blood flow by laser Doppler velocimetry in dogs. Bronchoplastic surgery at the right main bronchus was performed and bronchial mucosal blood flow was determined by laser Doppler velocimetry at proximal and distal sides of the anastomosis before and after operation. Four experimental groups were established. After operation the blood flow was adequately preserved, and healing of the anastomosis site was satisfactory in the minimum detachment group and steroid-treated group. Mucosal blood flow was markedly reduced in both proximal and distal sides in the extensive detachment group. The extent of the reduction in the blood flow was smaller in the omentum dressing group than in the extensive detachment group. The state of healing of the anastomosis site was closely related to the bronchial mucosal blood flow.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of small cell lung cancer].

Thirty four small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients underwent operation in Kyoto University from 1976. The mean age was 62 years old; 25 male cases, 9 female, respectively. All case were limited disease (LD) except 2 patients with rib metastasis. Seventeen patients had a performance status (PS) of 0 and 17 PS 1, twenty eight patients were treated with chemotherapy. Of the remaining 5 patients, 2 were treated by only oral 5-FU derivatives, one died within 30 days of operation, one could not be treated owing to old-age, and one refused chemotherapy. Except one operational death 33 cases were able to be evaluated. Out of 28 patients, 16 patients were treated by only postoperative chemotherapy. Concerning operational radicality, 21 cases out of 31 were operated radically (68%). The survival rates of these 33 patients were 78% 37% at 1, 3 and 5 years respectively. The MST was 26 months. The neoadjuvant group head better results than the non-adjuvant group.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Down-regulation of KOLT-2 antigen (CD28) by interleukin 2; role of IL-2R (p70).

Using KOLT-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognizing a 44,000 molecular weight (MW) T-cell activation antigen (CD28), we observed the co-expression of KOLT-2 (CD28) antigen and Tac (CD25) antigen, associated with a 55,000 MW chain of the interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) complex. IL-2R (p55), on several T-cell lines transformed by human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I), as well as several subclones of the natural killer (NK)-like cell line YT. When YT cells (YTC3T, YT5.1) and IL-2-dependent HTLV-I+ T-cell line cells (ED, ATL35C) expressing both IL-2R (p55) and IL-2R (p70) chains were cultured with recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2), KOLT-2 antigen was down-regulated in 24 hr. However, KOLT-2 antigen on HPB-ALL (Kurume) cells expressing neither of the IL-2R chains was unaffected by IL-2. IL-2 also failed to down-regulate KOLT-2 antigen on MT-1 cells bearing IL-2R (p55)/Tac without IL-2R (p70). To clarify the role of IL-2R (p70) in the IL-2-induced down-regulation of KOLT-2 antigen, we analysed the effect of IL-2 on a Tac- subclone of YT (YT2C2) that expresses IL-2R (p70). As was the case with Tac+ YT cells, KOLT-2 antigen was down-regulated by IL-2, and this down-regulation was inhibited by anti-IL-2R (p70) mAb but not by anti-Tac mAb. These results show that the signalling through the IL-2/IL-2R system down-regulates KOLT-2 (CD28) antigen by way of the interaction between IL-2 and IL-2R (p70), irrespective of IL-2R (p55)/Tac. Possible involvement of the IL-2/IL-2R system in the CD28-mediated mitogenic mechanism is discussed.

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte↗
PubMed1990

[Hereditary stomatocytosis of the hydrocytosis type: a report of one family and red cell membrane studies].

A case of hereditary stomatocytosis with hemolytic anemia, increased autohemolysis, increased osmotic fragility, and shortened erythrocyte survival is reported. The erythrocytes were abnormally permeable to sodium and potassium; the sodium concentration of the erythrocytes was high, and the potassium level was low. This case was different from the first reported Japanese case of hereditary stomatocytosis of the hydrocytosis type in the Na(+)-K+ ATPase and Mg+ ATPase activity. In the first reported Japanese case, these activities were within normal limits, but in this case, they were increased. The findings indicate that membrane transport in hereditary stomatocytosis of the hydrocytosis type may vary from case to case.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Measurement of FDP-D-dimer in DIC and pre-DIC].

We measured FDP-D-dimer value in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), pre-DIC (within 7 days before onset of DIC) and suspected DIC (not completely satisfying the DIC criteria). The level of FDP in many patients with pre-DIC was normal, but the level of FDP-D-dimer in most patients with pre-DIC was increased. FDP was markedly increased one day before onset of DIC but FDP-D-dimer was increased 7 days before the onset. FDP was significantly higher in DIC than in pre-DIC, but it was not higher in pre-DIC than in suspected DIC. In patients with hematological malignancies, FDP-D-dimer was statistically higher in DIC than in pre-DIC and in pre-DIC than in suspected DIC, but in non-hematological malignancies, FDP-D-dimer was not significantly different among the 3 groups. The peak increase of FDP-D-dimer was noted at a DIC score of 7 or 8. The correlation of FDP-D-dimer with FDP was better in pre-DIC than in DIC, and the ratio of FDP-D-dimer to FDP was higher in pre-DIC. FDP-D-dimer was not correlated with fibrinopeptide A or B beta 15-42 in pre-DIC. It is speculated that pre-DIC is a hypercoagulable state and FDP-D-dimer may be useful to the diagnosis of pre-DIC.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical analysis on thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome, with plasma level of cytokine].

We studied 10 patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and 5 patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Common cold symptoms were observed in 2 with TTP and 3 with HUS, and SLE was noted or suspected in 3 with TTP, and the onset was after operation in on with TTP and one with HUS. All TTP patients had coma and high fever. Renal failure was noted in 3 with TTP and their prognosis was poor. Seven patients with TTP and 4 patients with HUS survived. Autoantibody was highly positive in TTP but slightly positive in HUS. High molecular weight multimer of von Willebrand factor was decreased in 3 of 6 with TTP, platelet aggregating factor was positive in 4 of 6 with TTP, and microthrombus was observed in 7 of 8 with TTP. Tumor necrosis factor was increased in 5 of 9 with TTP and HUS, Interleukin-1 beta was increased in all TTP and HUS patients, and soluble interleukin 2 receptor and interferon alpha were also increased. Although plasma exchange was generally effective, some patients required combination therapy with steroids. We speculated that an autoimmune mechanism was involved in the on onset of TTP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Intradural extramedullary tumor of lower spinal cord in a 89-year-old man with cervical spondylosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis].

A 89-year-old man was admitted because of slowly progressive gait disturbance during these several years. Neurological examination revealed paraparesis with bilateral sensory disturbance in the lower extremities, more severely on the left side. Vibration sense was almost completely disturbed under the level of bilateral crista iliaca. Deep tendon reflexes decreased in the lower extremities. No urinary incontinence was observed. The narrow spinal canal and cervical spondylosis were seen at the C 5-6 level, showing the anterior-posterior distance of 10 mm. Computed tomography of the lumbar spine showed spondylolisthesis between the level 4 and 5. CSF showed high protein concentration (300 mg/dl), whereas normal cell counts. These findings suggested the following two possibilities; cervical myelopathy associated with the disturbance of the cauda equina due to lumbar spondylolisthesis, or the disturbance at the lower thoracic or upper lumbar level of spinal cord. The spinal MRI revealed the irregular mass lesion in the lower spinal cord at the level of spine Th 11-12 on T2 weighted images, with enhancement by Gd-DTPA on T1 weighted images. These MRI findings suggested the intradural extramedullary tumor, such as benign neurinoma or meningioma. No clear cut lesions were found at the cervical spinal cord or at the cauda equina. MRI was useful for the diagnosis of sites and lesions of spinal cord in the present case, whose neurological signs and symptoms could be explained by the coexistent cervical spondylosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Elevated levels of cytokines in plasma from patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation].

We measured blood concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 beta (IL 1-beta), soluble interleukin 2 receptor (s-IL 2r), and interferon alpha (IFN alpha) in 30 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and compared the results to those of 25 patients without DIC. Plasma levels of TNF, IL 1-beta, and s-IL 2r were higher in patients with DIC than in those without DIC. In one case of acute promyelocytic leukemia, plasma levels of TNF and IL-1 beta increased at the onset of DIC but decreased upon DIC improvement. These findings suggest that activation of the immune system is involved in the development of DIC. However, these concentrations were not markedly increased in patients with leukemia, although blood TNF and s-IL 2 r were markedly elevated in patients with solid cancers. Especially in patients with solid cancers, hyperactivation of the immune system may cause an increase in blood TNF and IL-1 beta and the development of DIC.

Cytokines↗
PubMed1990

Catecholaminergic responses to rotational stress in rat brain stem: implications for amphetamine therapy of motion sickness.

The fact that amphetamine, a noradrenaline releaser, prevents motion sickness leads the hypothesis of Wood and Graybiel that the noradrenergic neuron system in the brain stem acts against the development of motion sickness. To evaluate the hypothesis, the effects of rotational stress on the turnovers of noradrenaline and dopamine in the rat brain stem were examined. Rats were rotated about two axes simultaneously (double rotational) or about one axis (single rotation) for 60 min. Measurement of kaolin intake (pica) induced by rotation, as an index of motion sickness, showed that double rotation produced motion sickness, whereas single rotation did not. Both single and double rotation significantly increased the turnovers of noradrenaline and dopamine in the brain stem. However, there were no significant differences between the increases in catecholamine turnover induced by double and single rotations. Moreover, pretreatment of rats with methamphetamine (5 mg/kg) just before double rotation, which prevented the induction of motion sickness by double rotation, did not affect increases of the catecholamine turnover in the brain stem by double rotation. These findings do not support the hypothesis of Wood and Graybiel, suggesting that the catecholaminergic neuron systems in the brain stem are not involved in motion sickness and that the therapeutic effect of methamphetamine is not due to its direct effect on the brain stem.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1990

[Plasminogen activator in leukemic cell homogenate].

We examined fibrinolytic substances in homogenate of leukemic cells, normal granulocyte or mononuclear cells fraction. Plasminogen activators (PA) were significantly low in normal cells, but they were slightly increased in lymphoblastic leukemia cells and markedly increased in myeloblastic leukemia cells. In almost leukemic cells homogenate, the antigen ratio of tissue type PA (t-PA)/urokinase type PA (u-PA) was about 2.0. In especially AMMoL and AMoL, PA activity had discrepancy between euglobulin lysis time and amidolytic assay using chromogenic substrate. As PA inhibitor (PAI)-II was markedly increased in them. PAI might effect the PA assay. PA activity of leukemic cells homogenate was similar to that without t-PA stimulator and leukemic cells homogenate significantly stimulated t-PA. As both PA activity and antigen were statistically increased in leukemic cells homogenate of patient with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), PA and PA stimulator in leukemic cell might play an important role in hypofibrinogenemia or DIC.

Afibrinogenemia↗
PubMed1990

[Cumulative survival rate of chemotherapy with CDDP for malignant ovarian tumors].

The current study covered 159 patients with primary malignant ovarian carcinoma who underwent various kinds of chemotherapy between 1977 and 1987. The cases in each stage were first divided into two groups. Group A (CDDP Group) and Group B (non-CDDP Group), for comparative analysis. The stage I Group was further divided into Subgroup A (CAP Group) and Subgroup B (FAM Group). Similarly, the Stage III Group was subdivided into Subgroup A (three or more courses of ip administration of CDDP). Subgroup B (three or more courses of iv administration of CDDP centering on CAP), Subgroup C (FAM Group), and Subgroup D (non-CDDP Group). In Stage I, the five-year survival rate in Group A was 94% and the comparable figure in Group B was 59%. In Stage III, the two-year and five-year survival rates were 31% and 11% for Group A as opposed to 24% and 18% for Group B. In Stage Ia, the five-year survival rate for Subgroup A was 90% as compared to 75% for Subgroup B. In Stage III, the two-year survival rate for Subgroup A was 67% as compared to 28% for Subgroup B and 30% for Subgroup C. This indicated a very good prognosis in Subgroup A as compared with the other two subgroups.

Adolescent↗