Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to H Vogel.
The article reports on an arteriovenous fistula between the a. vertebralis and the v. vertebralis with blood flowing off via the v. vertebralis, v. cervicalis profunda and v. brachiocephalica. The fistula occurred after application of a central venous catheter to the v. jugularis interna.
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The employees of the chemical industry are normally exposed to several hazards with different targets in the human body. Within its program of medical prevention, the CNA attaches definite examinations to every substance to which a worker is exposed. The physician responsible for the plant reports periodically all pathologic findings to the group of medicine of labour of the CNA who, if necessary, requires further investigation or issues a decree of non-aptitude for certain occupations. During 1979, in Switzerland 6878 examinations of workers in the chemical industry were made, compared with 47,151 examinations of workers exposed to noise and 10,642 of workers exposed to lead.
Arthrograph and operative findings were compared retrospectively in 57 patients (53 examinations of the knee-,3 of the shoulder-, and 1 of the hip-joint). In medial disk lesions there were differences between arthrograph and operation in 19% (13,5 false positive and 5,5% false negative). In lateral disk lesions there were differences in 13% (5,5% false positive und 7,5% false negative). In a prospective series the results were far better. There were no differences for the shoulder and the hip-joint.
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Various methods for determining exposure to radiation are critically reviewed on the basis of 358 x-ray examinations of children (218 cardiac catheters with angiocardiography, 39 gastrointestinal examinations, 101 urological examinations). It is shown that the surface dose is an insufficient parameter for the actual exposure of the child to radiation. Estimates of the radiation risk based thereon are misleading. Even the determination of the area dose product and the integral dose alone will not allow any valid comparison of the exposure in different age groups. The important factor for an accurate determination of the somatic radiation risk is the ratio of integral dose to the body mass (mean body dose), since this is the only factor which is independent of body variables, i.e. only this figure will yield the relation of radiation risks in different age groups. Independent of the examination methods, a higher radiation risk must be assumed in infants than in older children or adults. These relationships are demonstrated on the basis of the author's own measurements and calculations.
The multiple pulmonary leiomyomatosis hamartoma (MPLH) is rare. Typical is the difference between the marked pulmonary alterations on chest X-ray film and the poor symptomatology. The (MPLH) is observed nearly only in women. The diagnosis is linked to pathological-histological findings.
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The article reports on the x-ray morphology in 52 patients with Crohn's disease (part of a multicenter study for the purpose of therapy control). The most frequent morphological sign was the so-called "string sign", also known as Kantor's sign (55%). Changes in the mucosal relief were also very frequent (45%). Chief localisation was the terminal ileum (64%), exclusion affection of the colon being rare (8%). The formation of a fistula is described as the most important complication; a rare one occurred between rectum and vagina. In two cases pseudopolypous changes were seen. The article also discusses the various aspects after surgery for Crohn's disease.
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In 6 patients with carcinoma of the oesophagus, resection of the oesophagus was performed, followed by substitution of part of the oesophagus by part of the colon. The functioning of this interposed part was examined by both magnetic tape recording and conventional fluoroscopy. The following findings and special aspects were noted: 1. Formation of a "pocket" in the area of the upper anastomosis. 2. "Watering-can" phenomenon in case of great length of the interposed part. 3. Pronounced reflux from the stomach to the interposed part in horizontal position of the patient and in head down position. 4. Loss of peristalsis of the interposed part of the colon while preserving the natural sacculation and width of lumen. The findings correlated clearly with the signs and symptoms reported by the patients, such as heartburn, belching and retrosternal pain. Comparison of findings via roentgenography and via fluoroscopy with those determined via magnetic tape recording showed the advantages of the magnetic tape recording in checking on the function of the restored oesophageal tract.
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An intermittent hydronephrosis was observed in a 40-year old patient. The disease pattern is due to an incongruity between the formation of urine and the transport capacity in the ureteropelvic junction. The latent impediment of flow becomes manifest with increased urine secretion. Irreversible renal damage can be the result of the repeatedly occurring hydronephrotic crises.
This Note emphasizes the need, in a space station, of an emergency room, especially equipped with regard to clean air and competent paramedical personnel. The establishment of some degree of artificial gravity is desirable.