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Biomedical subjects

H Verdoux

Publications and source records attributed to H Verdoux.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Suicidal risk in bipolar disorders].

Mortality and morbidity are greatly increased in patients with mood disorders, due to suicide, cardiovascular and other diseases. Recent data for bipolar disorders have been released: the suicidal risk is very high in these patients, whereas a long term treatment with lithium brings down morbidity to the rate of general population. There are no data for other mood stabilizers on this subject. Further studies are needed in order to confirm that long term prophylaxy with new compounds (valpromide, carbamazepine, etc.) is also efficacious, concerning this aspect, especially in bipolar II, mixed states and dysphoric mania. There is a dearth of research in the field of the "bipolar spectrum" (soft bipolar pathology).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

A survey of prescribing practice of antipsychotic maintenance treatment for manic-depressive outpatients.

Survey questionnaires were mailed to public hospital psychiatrists practising in a French region to obtain information on the manic-depressive outpatients they personally followed up. Data were collected on 222 manic-depressive outpatients managed by 43 separate psychiatrists. More than two thirds were receiving at least one antipsychotic, and 17% were prescribed a depot-neuroleptic. Predictors of antipsychotic prescription were a history of psychotic features (OR = 3.4; 95%CI 1.7-6.9), early age at onset (OR = 2.1; 95%CI 1.0-4.8) and low educational level (OR = 3.1; 95%CI 1.5-6.3). Similar predictors were found for depot-neuroleptic prescription. Although these indicate that the prescription of antipsychotic for manic-depressive outpatients is not random, only 14% of patients were receiving mood stabilizers only. Owing to the potential side effects of antipsychotics, the benefit-to-risk ratio of antipsychotic use in the maintenance treatment of manic-depressive patients has to be carefully taken into account.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Does familiality predispose to both emergence and persistence of psychosis? A follow-up study.

BACKGROUND: It as been suggested that in schizophrenia an association exists between family history of schizophrenia and poor outcome on the one hand, and family history of affective disorders and good outcome on the other. METHOD: We tested for associations between four-year outcome and familial loading for psychotic disorders in a mixed sample of 150 consecutively admitted patients with functional psychosis (schizophrenia, psychotic affective disorders, other psychotic disorders) of recent onset. For each proband, a familial loading score for (i) broadly defined psychotic disorder, (ii) schizophrenia, and (iii) affective disorder was calculated using information on relatives obtained through the Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria method and direct interviews of relatives with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. RESULTS: In our sample of psychotic patients, familial loading for psychotic disorder predicted persistent negative symptoms over the follow-up period (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1-2.2), especially in schizophrenia, and was also associated with more time hospitalised (P < 0.05) [corrected], and more social disability at follow-up (P < 0.05). Greater familial loading for schizophrenia predicted a greater likelihood of non-recovery (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.1-4.4) and a greater likelihood to have had persistent negative symptoms over the follow-up period (OR 1.7; 95% CI 0.9-3.1). No association was found between outcome and familial loading for affective disorder. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that familial loading may be a continuous risk factor for some dimensions of clinical outcome in the functional psychoses. This suggests that there is a continuum of genetic liability not only to the emergence of psychotic illness, but also the subsequent chronicity of the disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Schizophrenic deficit syndrome and neurologic tolerance].

Risk factors promoting the occurrence of neuroleptic-related tardive dyskinesia remain poorly understood. It has been hypothesized that type II schizophrenia, based on Crow's classification, would be more liable to this complication due to cerebral structural abnormalities involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia characterized by deficitary symptoms. Association between tardive dyskinesia and cognitive deficit is currently the most firmly established. Data in the literature concerning the association between tardive dyskinesia and the other features of type II schizophrenia are more contradictory.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1995

Social class in unipolar and bipolar probands and relatives.

130 patients fulfilling DSM-III-R criteria for bipolar disorder (n = 62), bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (n = 19) and major depression (n = 49) were included in a comparative study on the occupational levels of uni- and bipolar probands and relatives. The occupational levels did not significantly differ between uni- and bipolar probands. An overrepresentation was found in the higher occupational class in bipolar probands' brothers and children. A comparison between the whole groups including probands and all their relatives revealed a social advantage both for male and female members of bipolar families. These results are in agreement with those of previous studies demonstrating an association between bipolar disorder and social achievement in relatives.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Neuroleptic effects on neuropsychological test performance in schizophrenia.

The present study assessed the effects of neuroleptic medication on tests sensitive to frontal and non-frontal lobe function in schizophrenic patients. A test-retest design before and after initiation of neuroleptic treatment was used. The performance of schizophrenics was compared with that of matched normal controls. Schizophrenics performed more poorly than controls on most tests at both first and second testing. Patients' performance improved significantly between the test and the retest on the digit symbol subtest of the WAIS-R and on the Stroop 'color naming' subtest. Similarly, performance on the verbal fluency test and on the Rey complex figure recall tended to be better at the retest, although not significantly. The deficit on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) remained stable over time in patients. The result suggest that neuroleptics give no negative effects on cognitive functioning in schizophrenics.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1995

[Secondary mania caused by cerebral organic pathology].

The so-called "secondary mania" are manic syndromes complicating various kinds of somatic illness. Cases of secondary mania following brain injury (i.e., tumors, cerebrovascular lesions, head traumas, infectious diseases, etc.) offer the opportunity to better elucidate the pathophysiology of "primary" mania. Published case reports of secondary mania are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Comparative study on the occupational levels of unipolar and bipolar probands and relatives].

One hundred thirty patients fulfilling DSM III-R criteria for bipolar disorder (n = 82) and major depression (n = 49) were included in a comparative study on the occupational levels of unipolar and bipolar probands and relatives. The occupational levels did not significantly differ between unipolar and bipolar probands. A comparison between the whole groups including probands and all their relatives revealed a social advantage both for male and female members of bipolar families. An overrepresentation was found in the higher occupational class in bipolar probands' brothers and children.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Possible implication of obstetric risk factors in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia].

Neuroradiologic and neuropathologic studies have revealed evidence of the existence of structural brain damage in schizophrenics, the ethiopathogenesis of which could include early neurodevelopmental disturbances. Exposure to obstetric complications could be an environmental risk factor predisposing to the later occurrence of schizophrenic disorder in adolescence. The majority of studies evaluating such an association have found an excess of obstetric complications in schizophrenia patients, tough without revealing the existence of a preferential link with a specific type of complications. These interpretation of these results in terms of cause-and-effect must remain cautious, because of the methodological limitations of the studies.

Causality↗
PubMed1995

[Dysphoric mania and mixed states].

Mixed states and depressive or dysphoric mania have been described by Kraepelin at the beginning of the century. They recently became the focus of interest and research. This type of bipolar disorder is frequent (30-40%), severe, difficult to treat. They can be associated with neurological and developmental disorders, substance abuse and other conditions. These patients are less responsive to lithium than patients with pure mania. Anticonvulsant drugs appear to be more efficacious. They can be prescribed with lithium. ECT proved to be useful in case of non response. The nature of these conditions is still a matter of discussion: protracted transitional state or mood switch, association with ultra-rapid cycling, or rather superimposition of two psychopathologies and physiopathogeny of mania and depression.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1994

[Manic depressive disorder, pregnancy, and psychotropic treatment].

Several therapeutic problems are posed when a manic-depressive patient is or wishes to become pregnant. The relative risks and benefits of psychotropic treatments must be carefully assessed. Available data on teratogenic risks and neonatal complications (overdosage or withdrawal syndromes) are briefly reviewed. Treatment guidelines for pregnant bipolar patients are proposed.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1993

A comparison of manic patient subgroups.

Fifty patients satisfying DSM-III-R criteria for mania were included in a naturalistic study. Manic patients were categorized into three diagnostic groups according to the DSM-III-R criteria of non-psychotic or psychotic mania, and into the four groups obtained by the cluster analysis of Double (Double, D.B. (1991) Compr. Psychiatry 32, 187-194). Personal history and short-term outcome did not differ between the DSM-III-R diagnostic groups nor between the groups defined by cluster analysis, although non-psychotic manic patients more frequently tended to receive lithium and/or anticonvulsant drugs alone at discharge. Cluster 3 patients presenting with manic and 'schizophrenic' symptoms had an earlier age of onset and were younger at admission than patients in the other three clusters.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A comparative study of obstetric history in schizophrenics, bipolar patients and normal subjects.

Information on pregnancy and birth complications was collected for 46 patients with DSM-IIIR schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and for 23 normal controls. Pregnancy complications were more frequent and birth complications more frequent and more severe in schizophrenics than in bipolar patients or in normal controls. In contrast with other findings in the literature, more obstetric complications (OCs) were found in female than male schizophrenic patients.

Adult↗