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Biomedical subjects

H Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to H Uchida.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Combined pars plana vitrectomy, lens removal and intraocular lens implantation for complications of diabetic retinopathy. Surgical results in 120 cases].

We performed combined vitrectomy, lens removal and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 120 eyes of 101 patients. Follow-up periods ranged from 3 to 63 months, with a mean of 17 months. Three lens removal methods were used: extracapsular cataract extraction (14 eyes), phacoemulsification and aspiration (49 eyes), and pars plana phacoemulsification (57 eyes). Preoperative rubeosis iridis or neovascular glaucoma was found in 21 eyes. Gas or temporary silicone oil tamponade was employed in 32 eyes. Surgical results were good, and the postoperative vision was finger counts or below only in 13 eyes. Thus the combined surgery proved to have no serious problems. Our results indicate two important points. (1) It is best to chose either of the following two methods for the lens surgery: phacoemulsification with continuous circular capsulorhexis, self sealing sclerocorneal incision, and in-the-bag fixation of the posterior chamber lens, or pars plana phacoemulsification leaving the anterior capsule, rub off and aspirating the lens epithelial cells, continuous circular capsulorhexis, and posterior chamber lens implantation in front of the anterior capsule from a self-sealing sclerocorneal wound. (2) It is mandatory to do complete vitrectomy and cut out the vitreous gels incarcerated in the sclerotomy site.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Nutritional and immunological assessment in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice--the influence of preoperative biliary decompression and abdominal surgery].

A clinical study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional and immunological status of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice with serum bilirubin level of 5mg/dl or greater (N = 22). Healthy volunteers (N = 9) and patients with cholecystolithiasis (N = 26) were assessed as non-icteric control, as well as patients with obstructive jaundice due to choledocholithiasis (N = 3) were used as icteric control. We also evaluated the time-course of five patients with malignant obstructive jaundice before and after PTCD and surgery. Nutritional status was assessed by prognostic nutritional index (PNI), blood chemistry and rapid turnover protein. Cellular and humoral immunity were assessed by peripheral lymphocyte count, lymphocyte stimulation test, antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and serum immunoglobulins. The following results were obtained. 1) Nutritional and immunological status of patients with malignant obstructive jaundice were severely depressed. 2) Nutritional and immunological status were not improved by preoperative biliary decompression such as PTCD. 3) The immunological indices recovered postoperatively. However, the nutritional indices did not recover by the time of discharge. Intensive nutritional support before and after surgery may be mandatory for patients with malignant obstructive jaundice.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1993

[Percutaneous hot water injection therapy (PHoT) for hepatic tumors: a clinical study].

Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) has become widely used in the treatment of HCC. However, the indications for this method are limited by the toxicity of ethanol itself. Against this background, the authors turned their attention to the heat coagulation necrosis effect induced by boiled physiological saline (hot water) and devised percutaneous hot water injection therapy (PHoT) as a new local treatment method. PHoT was performed a total of 41 times in 13 patients (16 nodules) with HCCs measuring < or = 3 cm. Changes in AFP values, CT findings, angiographic findings before and after treatment, and histopathological findings of needle biopsy or resected specimen were investigated. AFP values decreased in all of the seven patients who initially showed high values. On CT, all lesions receiving PHoT became hypodense, with this change thought to indicate necrosis. Disappearance of the tumor stain was confirmed in the four patients in whom follow-up angiography was performed. In the six patients in whom needle biopsy was performed, disappearance and scaring of tumor cells were observed, while in the one patient in whom the tumor was resected, complete necrosis of the tumor was confirmed. PHoT, despite a small number of punctures, shows good anti-tumor effects, and has promise not only as a curative local treatment method for small HCCs but also in combination with TAE for large HCCs.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Usefulness of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma by MR imaging].

Eight patients with histologically or clinically diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma and a total of 23 nodules were studied. SE 2000/20 (PDW-SE), SE-2000/80 (T2W-SE), SE 500/20 (T1W-SE), GRE 167/13/70 degrees (T1W-GE), and GRE 167/13/15 degrees (T2*W-GE) were used. Using each pulse sequence the pre-and post-contrast detection rates of the 23 nodules visualized by CT arterial portography (CTAP) were compared. With plain MRI, the detection rates were PDW-SE: 48%, T2W-SE: 74%, T1W-SE: 52%, T1W-GE 48% and T2*W-GE: 48%. After the administration of contrast medium all pulses sequences showed enhanced detection rates: 100%, 83%, 87%, 91%, and 96% respectively. Superparamagnetic iron oxide particle enhanced MRI showed a high detection rate comparable to CTAP, suggesting that this agent can make a major contribution to the diagnosis of HCC, particularly the detection of small HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1993

[Study on the evaluation of recurrence of HCC and the effect after transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization--fluctuations in AFP values].

To determine the usefulness of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in determining recurrence of HCC after interventional angiography (IVA) and to define the relation between AFP and the imaging diagnosis of HCC recurrence, changes in AFP values in 160 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who were treated by IVA > or = two times were classified into four patterns: A: the AFP value was decreased after the first IVA, increased at recurrence and decreased again after the second IVA; B: the AFP value was unchanged after the first IVA, but increased at recurrence and decreased after the second IVA; C: the AFP value was decreased after the first IVA, but was not increased at recurrence; D: the AFP value showed no change. The frequency of each AFP pattern and the diagnosis of recurrence by AFP were determined. The relation between tumor type and AFP was defined. Pattern A was the most frequently detected. In 62.6%, AFP was increased at recurrence (A and B), and there was a positive correlation between changes in the AFP value and the findings of imaging diagnosis. In another 37.5%, AFP was not increased at recurrence (C and D), and therefore, the diagnosis of HCC recurrence by imaging methods was very important.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Expression of human minor histocompatibility antigen on cultured kidney cells.

Incompatibility of human minor histocompatibility (hmH) antigens can induce rejection of grafts in organ transplantation and graft-versus-host reactions in bone marrow transplantation. In spite of their importance in clinical transplantation, hmH antigens are not well studied. Previous studies have demonstrated the expression of hmH antigens on T and B cells, hematopoietic progenitor cells and keratinocytes. We have for the first time demonstrated the expression of hmH antigens on cultured kidney cells using HLA-B35-restricted, hmH antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones, which were previously established from a patient who rejected two kidneys from HLA-identical sisters. The CTL clones could not kill cultured kidney cells. Since cultured kidney cells expressed very low levels of HLA class I antigens it was thought that their failure to be killed by the CTL clones was due to lack of expression of HLA-B35 antigens. After induction of class I antigens on cultured kidney cells by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), the IFN-gamma-treated cultured kidney cells were killed by the CTL clones. Furthermore, we isolated hmH antigens as peptides from cultured kidney cells after treatment with IFN-gamma. These results indicate that cultured kidney cells express hmH antigens when HLA class I antigen is induced by IFN-gamma and hmH antigens on cultured kidney cells are recognized by T cells as peptides presented by HLA-B35 molecules.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

An experimental study on spinal cord ischemia during cross-clamping of the thoracic aorta: the monitoring of spinal cord ischemia with motor evoked potential by transcranial stimulation of the cerebral cortex in dogs.

The usefulness of spinal motor evoked potential by transcranial stimulation of the motor cortex (MEPT) in detecting spinal ischemia and predicting postoperative neurological dysfunction was evaluated using a model of spinal ischemia. Group 1 was comprised of 11 dogs used for measuring the basic wave form of spinal MEPT. The normal spinal MEPT response curve consists of two major peaks: peak I and peak II. The latency of peak I and peak II at T13-L1 was 6.0 +/- 0.6 and 7.1 +/- 0.6 msec, and the amplitude, 3.3 +/- 1.6 and 6.1 +/- 2.6 microV, respectively. Group 2 was comprised of six animals subjected to spinal ischemia, in which a time-related deterioration of the MEPT as well as evoked spinal cord potential (ESP) was demonstrated. The time taken until the loss of peak I and peak II was 19.2 +/- 5.3 and 21.7 +/- 6.2 min, respectively, while the time taken until the loss of ESP was 36.7 +/- 14.0 min. In group 3, comprised of seven animals, the aorta was unclamped and the animals were allowed to recover when the spinal MEPT had disappeared. Four had paraparesis immediately after the operation, two had a normal gait, one died, and one developed spastic paraplegia after 24 h. We concluded that the change in spinal MEPT during spinal ischemia occurred earlier than the change in ESP, and that the loss of MEPT suggested irreversible spinal cord damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Isolation and characterization of novel genes which are expressed during the very early stage of zygote formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

We have obtained five cDNA clones which are complementary to transcripts that accumulate specifically during the early stage of zygote formation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Based on the time-course of transcript accumulation of their corresponding genes, these clones were classified into two groups: an early expression group (three clones; pZS102-1, pZS102-69, pZS1802) and a late expression group (two clones; pZS1860 and pZS1886). The levels of transcripts in the former group reached a maximum 30 min after the onset of mating, whereas those in the latter group peaked at 3 h. The addition of 10 micrograms/ml of cycloheximide reduced the decline in the levels of transcripts, except in the transcript corresponding to pZS102-69. Two clones, pZS102-1 and pZS102-69, contained highly-homologous predicted open-reading frames, and were judged to be cDNAs for two members of a novel gene family. These genes were referred to as zys1A and zys1B, respectively.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Carcinosarcoma of the esophagus: a report of two cases.

Among 137 cases of esophageal neoplasms surgically treated at Kobe City General Hospital from 1983 to 1990, there were two patients with a huge polypoid lesion identified as carcinosarcoma by light microscopic examination, both of whom underwent radical resection and esophagogastrostomy. Microscopic examination of the resected specimens revealed the tumors to be composed of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Additional immunohistochemical examination disclosed keratin-positive cells in the carcinomatous element and vimentin-positive cells in the sarcomatous element. In case 1, keratin-positive cells were also found in the sarcomatous element, which suggested that the sarcomatous cells were derived from epithelial cells. Despite the huge size of the tumors, the depth of invasion to the esophageal wall was limited to the mucosal layer in case 1 and the submucosal layer in case 2, and there has been no evidence of recurrence in either case since surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Myelodysplastic syndrome associated with relapsing polychondritis: unusual transformation from refractory anemia to chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

The authors report an unusual case of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) associated with relapsing polychondritis (RP), which developed at almost the same time as MDS. The initial diagnosis was MDS, refractory anemia (RA) subtype, according to the FAB classification. Symptoms of RP were apparently controlled by oral administration of prednisolone (PSL), although MDS was not. Within 1 month after the diagnosis, monocytosis and thrombocytopenia without excess of blasts became prominent and transformation from RA to chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) was recognized. Combination chemotherapy including daunorubicin (DNR) and cytosine arabinoside (ara-c) did not subdue the progressive monocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Finally, the patient died of pulmonary hemorrhage 3 months after the onset of the disease. The prognosis of MDS may be poorly influenced by association with RP.

Anemia, Refractory↗
PubMed1993

Assessment of oxacillin salt agar for detection of MRSA identified by presence of the mecA gene.

To assess the screening method for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus recommended by Thornsberry and McDougal J. Clin Microbiol 1983; 18: 1084-1901, the growth of S. aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains on Mueller Hinton agar containing 4% NaCl and 6 mg l-1 oxacillin, after 24 h incubation at 35 degrees C, was investigated. The strains used for this study were characterized for possession of the mecA gene by the polymerase chain reaction. All 39 strains of S. aureus with the mecA gene grew on this agar, and all 12 strains of S. aureus without the mecA gene did not grow. On the other hand, three of 12 strains of S. epidermidis did not grow on this agar, although all these strains possessed the mecA gene. These results suggest that Thornsberry and McDougal's screening method is suitable for detecting S. aureus strains with mecA gene. Introduction of this method, to detect methicillin-resistant S. aureus more precisely, is simple and cheap for any laboratory in any part of the world.

Agar↗
PubMed1993

Ocular manifestations of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. A clinicopathologic study.

BACKGROUND: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a recently described distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by an extremely aggressive clinical course, a leukemic or lymphomatous proliferation of hyperlobulated peripheral T cells, and an association with infection by a retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). The authors present a patient with ATLL who initially had clinical features of severe uniocular intraocular inflammation, simulating acute retinal necrosis or herpetic retinitis, but results of histopathologic examination of the globe showed ATLL. PATIENT: A 38-year-old man had severe unilateral intraocular inflammation associated with widespread diffuse retinitis. Two weeks later, a focal retinitis with vasculitis developed nasal to the optic disc in the opposite eye. Shortly thereafter, mental disturbance developed, and the patient died less than 3 months after onset of the ocular symptoms. RESULTS: Results of postmortem examination showed atypical lymphocytic infiltration in the eyes, brain, and other systemic organs. Results of histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies showed that the atypical cells infiltrating the ocular tissues were ATLL cells. CONCLUSIONS: Patients infected with HTLV-I initially can have intraocular T-cell lymphoma that simulates acute retinal necrosis or herpetic retinitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Incomplete interlobar fissures: bronchovascular analysis with CT.

Thin-section computed tomographic scans of both lungs in 154 patients, including seven cadavers, with lung cancer (n = 37), diffuse (n = 32) or inflammatory (n = 30) lung disease, other proved or suspected disease (n = 23), or healthy lungs (n = 32) were analyzed to determine the frequency of incomplete interlobar fissure (IIF). An IIF was defined as a discontinuous linear shadow that remained in contact with the chest wall. An IIF was found in 128 of 154 right lungs (83.1%) and 77 of 154 left lungs (50.0%). Some bronchovascular structures crossed or passed through two contiguous lobes in the fused area. The most common bronchovascular structure associated with an IIF was a pulmonary vein; this association was found in 87 right lungs (56.5%) and 20 left lungs (13.0%). An IIF was traversed by a pulmonary artery in only seven right lungs and 13 left lungs or by a bronchus in only three lungs. It is concluded that recognition of an IIF might improve understanding of the spread of pulmonary disease.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1993

Monoclonal antibodies to the Golgi apparatus of serous exocrine cells.

We demonstrated that a common antigen (Golgi-associated antigen, GAA 108) is present in the Golgi apparatus of serous exocrine cells, using an immunohistochemical method with monoclonal antibodies (MAb) 108 (IgG1) and 18 (IgM), raised to the microsomal fractions of rat parotid gland. The MAb reacted with polypeptides of molecular weights in the 58-170 KD range in parotid gland on Western blot analysis. The Golgi apparatus of the following cells was immunostained with these MAb: acinar cells of parotid gland, pancreas, and exorbital lacrimal gland, serous cells of sublingual gland, chief cells of stomach, and epithelial cells of rat prostate. However, positive reaction occurred throughout the entire cytoplasm of submandibular gland acinar cells. Immunoelectron microscopy (IM) revealed antigen (GAA 108) localization in the medial and trans-Golgi cisternae and trans-Golgi network (TGN), including condensing vacuoles, in parotid, exorbital lacrimal, and pancreatic acinar cells, and serous acinar cells of sublingual gland. Lysosomes and apical cell membranes also stained positively in some cells. In the submandibular gland reactions were observed in the medial and trans-Golgi cisternae, condensing vacuoles, secretory granule contents, cell membrane, and in some duct lumens. These results suggest that although GAA 108 is found in the Golgi apparatus of most serous exocrine cells, it is secreted by a regulated pathway in the acinar cells of submandibular gland.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition of bovine leukocyte thioltransferase by anti-inflammatory drugs and anti-histaminic drugs.

Thioltransferase was partially purified from bovine leukocyte using sonication, heat treatment at pH 5.1, Sephadex G-50 gel filtration and isoelectric focusing techniques. Isoelectric point (pI) of 8.3 for leukocyte thioltransferase was quite different from pI of 6.5 for erythrocyte enzyme. Bovine leukocyte thioltransferase was employed in a study on the influence of 12 anti-inflammatory drugs and 7 anti-histaminic drugs. Piroxicam which is a well-known anti-inflammatory drug demonstrated the most powerful inhibitory effect on enzyme activity. Inhibition of piroxicam was noncompetitive, and the Ki value measured 55.0 microM in the experiment involving bovine leukocyte enzyme. Tranilast which is a typical anti-histaminic drug most strongly inhibited the enzyme activity and the Ki value of the medicine was 20.3 microM (noncompetitive). Bovine liver and erythrocyte thioltransferases also were effectively inhibited by both medicines similar to leukocyte enzyme.

Animals↗