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Biomedical subjects

H Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to H Uchida.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of superparamagnetic iron oxide particle (AMI-25) enhanced MR imaging for the diagnosis of liver tumors: comparison with contrast enhanced CT].

The purpose of this study was to clarify the usefulness of SPIO-enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of liver tumors in comparison with contrast-enhanced CT. The subjects were forty patients with 154 nodules in the liver. We compared SPIO-enhanced MRI with contrast-enhanced CT in terms of tumor-liver contrast and detectability of liver tumors. In terms of tumor liver contrast, SPIO-enhanced MRI was equal or superior to contrast-enhanced CT in 82% of cases. In the detectability of liver tumor, SPIO-enhanced MRI detected more tumors than contrast-enhanced CT, especially small tumors. Tumors undetected by SPIO-enhanced MRI that were detected by contrast-enhanced CT and/or plain MRI were adenomatous hyperplasia and inflammatory pseudotumor according to fine needle biopsy. There were no severe complications of SPIO-enhanced MRI. In conclusion, SPIO-enhanced MRI will be more useful than contrast-enhanced CT in the diagnosis of liver tumors. SPIO-enhanced MRI may be a promising diagnostic method for the detection of hepatic tumors, especially small ones.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[MR imaging oral contrast agent mixed with milk for the small intestine].

To investigate the usefulness of MRI oral contrast media in enhancing the entire small intestine using FerriSeltz (Otsuka Pharmaceuticals, Tokyo), which contains ferric ammonium citrate, we compared the relaxation times and taste of 7 kinds of contrast media (Milk FerriSeltz A-G) that contain FerriSeltz dissolved in 7 different ratios of distilled water-milk. We also compared the homogeneity of the contrast enhancement of the entire small intestine on T1-weighted images between Milk FerriSeltz-F (a mixture of distilled water and milk at a ratio of 1:5 with FerriSeltz), which was found to be the best contrast medium based on the relaxation times and taste, and Milk FerriSeltz-A (distilled water with FerriSeltz) in 10 healthy volunteers. The T1 and T2 values decreased as the proportion of milk increased. The T1 and T2 values of Milk FerriSeltz-F were 71 msec and 28 msec, markedly shorter than those of Milk FerriSeltz-A (340 msec and 290 msec). T1-weighted images taken with Milk FerriSeltz-F showed more homogeneous enhancement of the entire small intestine than those taken with Milk FerriSeltz-A. There were no adverse effects in these 10 volunteers. Milk FerriSeltz-F seems to be an ideal oral contrast medium for enhancement of the entire small intestine.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae and their synthetic peptides induce proinflammatory cytokines in human peripheral blood monocyte cultures.

Porphyromonas gingivalis fimbriae as well as synthetic peptides that mimic the fimbrial subunit protein, which includes the amino acid sequence XLTXXLTXXNXX, induced high production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human peripheral blood monocyte/macrophage cultures. Responses induced by some peptide segments were comparable to those induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides. A chemically modified peptide analogous to an active peptide segment was found to be antagonistic with regard to interleukin-6 production induced by the native fimbriae. It may be suggested that P. gingivalis fimbriae and their degraded peptides function as proinflammatory agents in vivo, while certain analog peptides inhibited the process.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Rapid improvement of coagulopathy by all-trans retinoic acid in acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was associated with rapid improvement in hemostatic markers. We made serial analyses of various hemostatic parameters in seven newly diagnosed APL patients. In all patients at diagnosis, plasma fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (fragment-E), cross-linked fibrin degradation product (D-dimer fragment), thrombin-antithrombin III complex and plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex were elevated, indicating the presence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Antithrombin III (ATIII) levels were normal in all patients except for the patient with congenital ATIII deficiency. In four patients subsequently treated with ATRA without anticoagulant therapy, these hemostatic markers returned to near-normal levels by day 7 of treatment, indicating that DIC was essentially resolved. By contrast, in three patients who received conventional chemotherapy with a continuous low-dose heparin, improvement of coagulopathy was slower than in patients treated with ATRA. These results suggest that ATRA therapy exerts the rapid improvement in abnormal hemostatic markers in APL patients without any anticoagulant therapies, by inducing differentiation of leukemic cells and, in turns no massive release of procoagulant or fibrinolytic substances from these cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Predominant induction of kinetochore-containing micronuclei by extracts of diesel exhaust particulates in cultured human lymphocytes.

The aneuploidy-inducing activity of extracts of diesel exhaust particulates from light duty (LD) and heavy duty (HD) engines was investigated in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes of 8 healthy donors using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus test with the kinetochore labelling modification. A majority of the subjects tested showed a significant kinetochore-positive micronucleus induction after treatment with the highest dose (150 micrograms/ml) of LD extract, although some subjects also showed induction of kinetochore-negative micronuclei. Only one subject had significantly increased numbers of kinetochore-positive micronuclei at a dose of 400 micrograms/ml of HD extract. These results suggest that diesel extract, at least LD extract, possesses the ability to induce whole chromosome loss (aneuploidy) preferentially, although there are also chromosome breaks.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Segmental transarterial chemoembolization with Lipiodol mixed with anticancer drugs for nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: follow-up CT and therapeutic results.

We developed segmental Lp-TAE, which is transcatheter hepatic sub-subsegmental, subsegmental, or segmental chemoembolization using Lipiodol introduced into the tumor-bearing hepatic sub-subsegment, subsegment, or segment as the target area. A total of 98 patients with nonresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing segmental Lp-TAE (Seg-Lp-TAE) were studied, and the relationship between the CT pattern observed after Seg-Lp-TAE (Seg-Lp-CT) and the therapeutic results obtained in those patients was evaluated. Seg-Lp-CT was classified into four types (type I, homogeneous; type II, defective; type III, inhomogeneous; and type IV, only slight accumulation, if any) according to the Lipiodol accumulation pattern observed after Seg-Lp-TAE. The cumulative nonrecurrence rates of type I were higher than those of types II-IV. The cumulative survival rates of type Ia, in which Lp accumulation is also seen around the main tumor, were the highest (93.8% at 1 year, 85.9% at 2 years, 85.9% at 3 years, and 57.3% at 4 years). The cumulative survival rates achieved with Seg-Lp-TAE were 89.2% at 1 year, 69.4% at 2 years, 58.9% at 3 years, 44.0% at 4 years, and 30.2% at 5 years, which were higher than those achieved with conventional Lp-TAE. Seg-Lp-TAE is very useful in the treatment of HCC limited to one sub-subsegment, subsegment, or segment, and it is important to choose sub-subsegmental, subsegmental, or segmental Lp-TAE on the basis of the size and site of the tumor as well as the type and the number of feeding arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The effect of Nicorandil on chronic cerebral vasospasm.

The present study is aimed at examining the therapeutic effect of Nicorandil on chronic vasospasm using beagle dogs subjected to a "two-haemorrhage" insult, as well as its dilatory effect on the PDA [phorbol-12,13 diacetate]-induced contraction of the canine basilar artery. 1. A total of 12 animals of either sex, weighing 7 to 12 kg, were assigned into saline control and Nicorandil-treated groups. Immediately after the second induction of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), animals started to receive the agent via the venous route at the constant rate of 10 micrograms/kg/minute for six hours (day 3). On days 4, 5, and 6, the drug was given twice at the same rate for three hours. After the final angiograms, animals were sacrificed by exsanguination. 2. Using ring specimen of the canine basilar artery at a resting tension of 3 g, isometric tension was monitored to examine the effect of Nicorandil on PDA induced contraction. Nicorandil significantly ameliorated chronic vasospasm and inhibited PDA-induced contraction in a dose-dependent fashion. The present data indicate that Nicorandil provides a useful way of treating chronic vasospasm after SAH.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Hepatocellular carcinoma with a solitary adrenal metastasis and poor hepatic functional reserve: report of a case.

A 54-year-old man with a 15-year history of liver disease, was found by his family physician to have multiple tumors in the right lobe of the liver and a large right retroperitoneal tumor. He was referred and admitted to our institute where a preoperative diagnosis of liver cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma and probable right adrenal metastasis was made. Because his hepatic functional reserve was so poor, only resection of the right adrenal tumor with a splenectomy for hypersplenism and a cholecystectomy for the prevention of cholecystitis secondary to the scheduled transcatheter arterial embolization was performed. The patient was discharged in good clinical condition 5 weeks after surgery.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Lymphangioma of the duodenum: report of a case.

A case of lymphangioma of the duodenum with a successful preoperative diagnosis is reported herein. A 76-year-old man who complained of tarry stool was found to have a hemorrhagic polypoid tumor in the third portion of the duodenum. The tumor was diagnosed histologically as cavernous lymphangioma by endoscopic biopsy. Since such a tumor is essentially benign, a partial resection of the duodenum including the tumor was performed. Therefore, an endoscopic biopsy seems to be valuable in the diagnosis of duodenal lymphangioma.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Effect of single amino acid substitution at residue 167 of HLA-B51 on binding of antibodies and recognition of T cells.

We recently showed that a single amino acid substitution of tryptophane into glycine at residue 167 facing the "A pocket" forms a novel HLA-B51 subtype, B*5103, which is serologically discriminated as HLA-BTA. CDC assay of human alloantisera specific for the HLA-B5 CREG against B*5103- or B*5101-transfected human B-cell line, Hmy2C1R (C1R), supported the belief that human alloantisera can discriminate B*5103 from B*5101 Ag. Moreover, we found that 4D12 anti-B5, B35 CREG mAb cannot bind to B*5103 Ag on C1R cells or L cells although it binds to B*5101 Ag on both cells. These results indicate that alloantibodies can detect a single amino acid substitution at residue 167. Furthermore, it was suggested that 4D12 mAb recognizes the structure formed by the HLA-peptide complex since this mAb did not bind to empty HLA-B5, B35 CREG Ag on RMA-S transfectants. Six of eight anti-HLA-B*5101 CTL clones are not able to kill C1R cells expressing B*5103, indicating that conformational change of the A pocket by substitution at residue 167 has a crucial influence on recognition of alloreactive T cells. Therefore, discrimination of B*5103 from B*5101 would seem to be important in bone marrow transplantation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Large scale clinical evaluation of bowel contrast agent containing ferric ammonium citrate in MRI.

Clear identification of bowel has been thought to be essential in diagnosis by abdominal MRI. We have completed the clinical phase III trial of a new oral contrast agent (FerriSeltz) which is a ferric ammonium citrate based bowel contrast agent. FerriSeltz is a powder that is dissolved in 300 ml water to create a grape-flavored effervescent drink. We have evaluated the usefulness of FerriSeltz, and compared groups receiving 600 mg and 1200 mg of ferric ammonium citrate, the use and nonuse of parasympathetic blockers, and patients with and without fasting in 174 patients who underwent abdominal MRI using this agent. FerriSeltz was found to brighten the stomach and duodenum, contribute to the improvement in diagnostic efficacy, be safe as a bowel contrast agent in abdominal MRI, and be associated with an extremely low incidence of side effects (only mild diarrhea in one of 169 patients). No significant differences were found in the contribution to the improvement in diagnostic efficacy between the two dosage groups, the use and nonuse of parasympathetic blockers, or patients with and without fasting. We concluded that ferric ammonium citrate based compound (FerriSeltz) is a promising bowel contrast agent in abdominal MRI.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

Inductions of oxidative DNA damage and mesothelioma by crocidolite, with special reference to the presence of iron inside and outside of asbestos fiber.

Inductions of oxidative DNA damage (oh8dG) in vitro and peritoneal mesothelioma in rats (F344, female) were compared between crocidolite (CR) and de-ironized crocidolite [DCR, washed by HCl and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)] to verify the hypothesis that reactive oxygen species contribute to carcinogenesis, focusing on the role of iron present inside or outside of the CR. The yield of oh8dG was 14.6 oh8dG/10(5)dG in CR and 30.2 in DCR under simple incubation with DNA. In the incubation systems added several chemicals and H2O2, DCR induced higher levels of oh8dG than CR. Especially, the addition of Fe2O3 and H2O2 to DCR increased oh8dG in DNA depending on the Fe2O3 concentration, however, this tendency was not observed in the same system of CR. Surprisingly, 7 out of 10 rats died within 2 days after the injection of 10 mg of Fe2O3 following the DCR injection (5 mg/rat), showing necroses of hepatocytes from the surface of each lobe where CR and Fe2O3 particles had been deposited together. There was no death in other groups of rats. One year after the i.p. injection of CR (5 mg/rat, single injection), mesotheliomas were found in all rats administered DCR and Fe2O3 (2 mg/rat, once a week, for 35 weeks), in 4 rats of DCR alone (n = 10), in 5 rats of CR alone (n = 10) and in none of the rats administered Fe2O3 alone (n = 10). Therefore, present results indicate that the induction of oxidative DNA damage changed even when the same type of asbestos was washed by chemical treatment, and Fe2O3 promoted the development of mesothelioma which was induced by DCR.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Humoral and cellular immune responses to the fimbriae of Porphyromonas gingivalis and their synthetic peptides.

Subcutaneous injection of fimbriae from Porphyromonas gingivalis strain 381 in Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) resulted in an excellent serum anti-fimbrial immunoglobulin G (IgG) response in guinea-pigs and BALB/c mice. Administration of P. gingivalis fimbriae also elicited distinct cellular immune responses to the fimbriae in terms of ear lobe reaction in BALB/c but not in BALB/c nu/nu mice, and of skin reaction in guinea-pigs. When the guinea-pigs were given a semi-synthetic adjuvant GM-53--sodium beta-N-acetylglycosaminyl-(1-->4)-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isogl utaminyl- (L)-stearoyl-(D)-meso-2, 6-diaminopimelic acid-(D)-amide-D-alanine--and fimbriae in FIA by subcutaneous injection, more enhanced production of serum anti-fimbrial IgG and stronger cellular immune responses were induced in the guinea-pigs than in those given fimbriae alone. Synthetic peptide FP381(202-221), which corresponds to the amino-acid residue numbers 202-221 based on the amino-acid sequence of fimbrilin from P. gingivalis strain 381, elicited humoral and cellular immune responses in guinea-pigs immunised with the fimbriae or FP381(202-221). Furthermore, subcutaneous administration of synthetic peptide FP381(61-80) with GM-53 induced lesser degrees of humoral and cellular immune responses in guinea-pigs than did FP381(202-221). However, when the fimbriae or FP381(61-80) were administered with bovine serum albumin (BSA), markedly elevated levels of specific anti-BSA antibody were seen in the serum of BALB/c mice. These results clearly indicated that fimbriae from P. gingivalis 381 and their oligopeptide segments induced humoral and cellular immune responses and exhibited immuno-adjuvant activities in guinea-pigs and BALB/c mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1994

Immunobiological activities of chemically defined lipid A from lipopolysaccharides of Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Immunobiological activities of chemically defined lipid A from lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Porphyromonas gingivalis strain 381, which possesses beta-(1-->6)-linked glucosamine disaccharide 1-monophosphate, with 3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoyl and 3-hexadecanoyloxy-15-methylhexadecanoyl groups at the 2- and 2'-positions, respectively, were compared with those of synthetic Escherichia coli-type lipid A (compound 506) and Salmonella-type lipid A (compound 516). P. gingivalis lipid A and its LPS induced stronger or comparable production of the cytokines interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-6, IL-8, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interferon-gamma as compared with compounds 506 and 516 in the culture supernatants of human peripheral blood monocytes or mononuclear cells. However, the P. gingivalis preparations showed low activity in inducing the production of IL-1 beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Clear antagonistic effects of P. gingivalis lipid A and its LPS against IL-1 beta production induced by E. coli LPS or compound 506 were seen. Furthermore, P. gingivalis lipid A and its LPS had marked immunopharmacological activities, i.e. antitumour, natural killer cell and antiviral activities. Its monophosphorylation pattern and the presence and position of fatty acids possessing acyl chains of considerable length are unique to P. gingivalis lipid A, differing from enterobacterial lipid As. Its good balance between agonistic and antagonistic effects, making it a possible candidate for use as an immunomodulatory drug, may be attributable to these unique features.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1994

Comparison of continuous epidural infusion of morphine/bupivacaine with fentanyl/bupivacaine for postoperative pain relief.

The efficacy and safety of postoperative analgesia with continuous epidural infusion of either morphine or fentanyl in combination with bupivacaine were evaluated in 85 patients, ASA physical status I or II, undergoing thoracic and/or upper abdominal surgery. Patients were treated with one of the combinations for 48 h after surgery. The morphine/bupivacaine group (MB; n = 45) received morphine at the rate of 0.2 mg.h-1, and bupivacaine at the rate of 10 mg.h-1 for the first 24 h or 5 mg.h-1 for the second 24 h; the fentanyl/bupivacaine group (FB; n = 40) received fentanyl at the rate of 20 micrograms.h-1, and bupivacaine at the rate of 10 mg.h-1 for the first 24 h or 5 mg.h-1 for the second 24 h. The degree of pain relief assessed by the visual pain scale and the modified Prince Henry pain scale was satisfactory in most patients in both groups. In group MB 74% and in group FB 76% of patients did not need any supplementary analgesics. No significant differences were observed between the groups in assessment of pain. The incidence of hypotension (P < 0.05) and pruritus (P < 0.05) was higher in group MB than in group FB. None of the patients developed respiratory depression in either group.

Abdomen↗