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H Tsuchiyama

Publications and source records attributed to H Tsuchiyama.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Functional morphology of the adrenocortical glomerular zone by incomplete ligation of bilateral ureters of rats. An experimental model for secondary aldosteronism.

We studied the adrenal cortex, particularly the glomerular zone of an experimental model for secondary aldosteronism produced in rats by incomplete ligation of both ureters. The experimental animals developed characteristic manifestations of the disease such as ascites and high serum potassium, PRA, and aldosterone content in the adrenal tissue. Microscopically, the width of the glomerular zone was markedly increased and this was related to hypertrophy of the cells of the glomerular zone. Lipid droplets in these cells were decreased. The enzymic activity of 3 beta-HSD showed a moderate increase in the transitional zone and a slight increase in the glomerular zone. Ultrastructurally, well-developed mitochondria and SER were seen in swollen cytoplasm and numerous microvillous projections were noted in the plasma membrane. These results suggest that the adrenal cortical cells in the glomerular zone are stimulated by high concentrations of serum potassium and renin-angiotensin.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism. Ultrastructural observation of a case.

A 56-year-old woman presented with intracranial hemorrhage. Laboratory examinations revealed severe hypertension, hypokalemia, elevated aldosterone excretion, and suppressed plasma renin activity. Left adrenocortical tumor was suspected and adrenalectomy was performed. The laboratory data after operation, however, showed no significant difference from the preoperative data. On the basis of further examinations, dexamethasone was administered and returned blood pressure to normal, and also normalized serum potassium, plasma aldosterone, and renin activity. The patient's illness was diagnosed as glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism. Light microscopically, the zona glomerulosa was hypertrophic and the outer zona fasciculata decreased in lipid droplets and was centrifugally arranged in small alveoli. Electronmicroscopically, the cells of the outer zona fasciculata had several lipid droplets and well-developed sER. Mitochondria were round to oval with lamellar or lamellovesicular cristae. These findings were evidence of hyperfunction. The cytoplasm of the cells also contained spironolactone bodies. Therefore, it is assumed that the aldosterone, which induced the disorder, was produced mainly in the outer zona fasciculata.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Malignant germ cell tumor of the anterior mediastinum with leukemia-like infiltration.

We present here a rare autopsy case of malignant germ cell tumor with leukemia-like infiltration of the anterior mediastinum in a 35-year-old male. Chest X-rays revealed an abnormal mediastinum, which was diagnosed as thymoma. During the course of treatment, huge abnormal cells 40-50 mu in size were found in the peripheral blood smear and disseminated bone metastasis of the malignant thymoma was suspected. The tumor was resistant to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The patient died of respiratory failure. The autopsy disclosed a huge tumor measuring 24 X 13 X 10 cm in the anterior mediastinum. Histological findings of the tumor revealed cells which had spread to almost all organs, indicating leukemia-like infiltration. This pattern of metastasis has been reported in the cancer of non-hematologic origin under the term "carcinocythemia (CCA)". To our knowledge, the present case is the first report of a leukemia-like infiltration in case of malignant germ cell tumor. Careful serial section revealed no primary foci in either testis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Multiple pigmented adrenal cortical nodules associated with Cushing's syndrome. Histochemical, ultrastructural and quantitative studies.

Multiple pigmented adrenocortical nodules were found in a 25-year-old woman associated with Cushing's syndrome, whose laboratory data indicated that the adrenal cortex had been functioning autonomously and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary gland as suppressed. The surgically removed left adrenal gland disclosed multiple black nodules measuring up to 3 mm in diameter and histologically consisting of large "compact cells" which contained numerous yellow-brown pigments, but adjacent cortical cells were not atrophied. This kind of adrenal lesion is generally regarded as nodular hyperplasia of the cortex. The present case revealed scanty lipid and markedly increased activity of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 beta-HSD) and glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD). Ultrastructural study showed abundant cytoplasm with a large number of mitochondria, well-developed smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (SER), less rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (RER), lysosomes, and numerous granules in cells of the nodules. Mitochondria varied in size and shape up to occasional giant mitochondria. SER was vesicular or tubular forming a network of anastomosing tubules. Granules varied greatly in size from 400 millimicrons to 6 microns in diameter, with diverse electron densities, mostly exhibiting the structural features of lipofuscin. The ultrastructural features resembled those in black adenoma associated with Cushing's syndrome ever reported. Concentration of cortisol was increased in the tissue where numerous black nodules were contained.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1984

[Adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst (benign cystic teratoma) of the ovary--a case report].

An 89-year-old woman with adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst (benign cystic teratoma) of the ovary is reported. The malignant change of a dermoid cyst is rare. To our knowledge, this is the first report case of an adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a dermoid cyst of the ovary. Moreover, this case is the oldest patient on record. It is important that dermoid cyst be examined carefully.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

[A case of so-called carcinosarcoma of the stomach].

A 47-year-old man, whose chief complaint was massive hematoemesis, was underwent partial gastrectomy. The resected stomach revealed a large elevated tumor, Borrmann I type, measuring 4 X 3 X 2 cm, in the anterior wall of the body. Histologically, the major part of the tumor showed a sarcomatous structure, while the margin and some areas consisted of papillary or well differentiated adenocarcinoma, invading to the submucosa. The border between the two components was irregular and the two components intermixed with each other in some areas. In the sarcomatous area, there was no bone, cartilage or muscle. It was interesting that the metastatic lymph nodes disclosed a sarcomatous picture with teratomatous pattern and that immunocytochemically HCG was localized in some of the adenocarcinoma in the lymph node.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Cytoplasmic fine network and mitochondria in normal and abnormal cultured keratinocytes: an electron microscopic study using whole-cell observation technique.

The cytoplasmic fine structures of both normal human cultured keratinocytes (NHK) and squamous cell carcinoma cells (HSC) were examined by electron microscopy using the whole-cell preparation method and stereo-viewing techniques. The presence of cytoplasmic fine network (CFN) was confirmed in both NHK and HSC, but the structures of the two were found to be radically different. In particular, the mitochondria showed a number of distinct morphological differences. The introduction of cytochalasin B and colchicine into HSC partially destroyed the CFN, and, as a result, the morphology of the HSC mitochondria changed to become similar to those of NHK. It seems that the CFN may have an important role in determining the shape of the cell organelles, such as mitochondria, and that the shape of the mitochondria may perhaps be used as an indication of cell malignancy.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1982

Isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency.

The case to be reported is that of a 72-year-old woman with isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) deficiency, who complained of anorexia and generalized malaise. The secretions of human growth hormone (HGH), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were all within normal limit. In spite of the extremely low level of cortisol, the plasma level of ACTH would not rise sufficiently, but a marked response of cortisol to ACTH stimulation was recognized. The postmortem examination revealed a decrease in basophilic or PAS-positive cells of the anterior pituitary gland which also showed a selective loss of ACTH-secreting cells over immunohistochemical study. Electron microscope could easily visualize somatotroph, mammotroph, thyrotroph, FSH- and LH-gonadtroph, but corticotroph was difficult to be discerned. Adrenocortical cells demonstrated atrophy and degeneration, for which the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis were narrowed. The zona glomerulosa was slightly enlarged in width.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1980

Functional pathology of aldosterone-producing adenoma.

In addition to the morphological examination, the measurement of the content of corticosteroids was done in aldosterone-producing adenoma. Histologically, the adenoma consists of four types of cells. The major component of the adenoma was clear-type cells. In this type of cells, the activities of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase showed weakly positive. The fine structure was characterized by numerous lipid vacuoles and poor organellae. On the contrary, intermediate- and compact-type cells revealed higher than moderate activities of these enzymes. Moreover, marked development of smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria was noted. Zona glomerulosa-type cells were observed only in a small part. The content of aldosterone and corticosterone in aldosterone-producing adenoma was significantly larger than those of the other type of adenoma. A tendency of positive correlation between the increase of compact-type cells and content of aldosterone was found. The cell origin of this aldosterone-producing adenoma and functional role of clear- and compact-type cells were also discussed.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1979

The effect of a low potassium diet on the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex of rats.

Rats were fed on low potassium diets in order to observe the effect of dietary low potassium on the adrenal cortex. The authors clarified morphological changes of the hypofunctional glomerular zone and compared these changes with those of the hyperfunctional glomerular zone. Three weeks after or 2 months after the start of a low potassium diet, slight narrowing of the glomerular zone of the adrenal cortex was observed followed by miniaturization of cells, presence of binuclear cells and an increase of lipid with enlarged lipid drops. Electron microscope mainly disclosed changes of mitochondrial cristae consisting of markedly reduced, enlarged and irregularly dilated cristae with shortening or elongation. Granules appeared in mitochondria. Lysosomes or dense bodies were enlarged. The Golgi's apparatus was atrophied but endoplasmic reticulum did not show remarkable changes. These changes were directly opposite to those of the hyperfunctional glomerular zone noted after a pottasium load or seen in sodium deficiency. Consequently, these changes were considered to be the changes of the hypofunctional glomerular zone associated with decrease of aldosterone production.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1979

Effects of glucocorticoids on differentiation of zona glomerulosa of fetal adrenal cortex of rats.

The tissue differentiation of the zona glomerulosa of the fetal adrenal cortex of rats was studied by giving experimental treatments to the fetus in vivo. A low-glucocorticoid-condition was given to the fetus by bilateral adrenalectomy of pregnant rats for removing exogenous glucocorticoids from the fetus, and by brain aspiration of the fetuses for removing the fetal pituitary gland (ACTH) and endogenous glucocorticoids. When the fetus was placed under a low-glucocorticoid-condition for the last couple of days of gestation, poor differentiation of the zona glomerulosa occurred specifically in the fetal adrenal cortex. The degree of the poor differentiation seemed to be proportional to the duration of the low-glucocorticoid-condition. Supplemental administration of glucocorticoids could prevent this poor differentiation of the zona glomerulosa. These results indicate that the tissue differentiation of the zona glomerulosa of the fetal adrenal cortex depends much on glucocorticoids.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1978

The effect caused by the double condition of potassium loading and simultaneous sodium restriction on the glomerular zone of rats. Histochemical and ultrastructural study.

The effect caused by the double condition of potassium loading (K loading) and simultaneous sodium restriction (Na restriction) on the glomerular zone of rats is reported. After 2-week-diet of K loading and simultaneous Na restriction an increase of width of glomerular zone and decreases and micronization of fat granules were seen. Enzymic activity (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, steroid 3beta-ol-dehydrogenase) was increased. After 3-week-diet of the same condition the width of glomerular zone became 1/4 to 1/5 of the whole cortex. The cells in the glomerular zone demonstrated a trabecular arrangement. Ultrastructurally, hypertrophy of cells became marked and the size of cell was about 1.5 times that of normal cells. Dense body increased in number and became irregular in shape. In the widened cytoplasm, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus were well developed with numerous coated vesicles. Changes of mitochondria such as increase in number, transformation into round shape and vesicular cristae were characteristic. The severity of these changes was proportional to the duration of K loading and simultaneous Na restriction. After 8-week-diet the increase of large-sized lipid vacuole and dense body, and intramitochondrial deposition were observed in parallel with the above-mentioned changes. The changes observed in this study appeared earlier and stronger than those in the single-conditioned group of only K loading or Na restriction. The cause of these changes were considered to be a result of accelerated function of the glomerular cells.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1978

An autopsy case of cholangiocarcinoma with hypercalcemia.

Au autopsy case of cholangiocarcinoma which showed clinically hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia without bone metastases is presented in this report. Although parathyroid hormone (PTH)-like substance of 520 ng/g. dry weight was measured in neoplastic tissue by the radioimmunoassay, membrane-limited secretory granules as those of parathyroid gland were not found in the fine structure. The significance of an existence of secretory granules in ectopic PTH producing tumor is discussed.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1977

Effects of exogenous ACTH on the rat fetal adrenal cortex: a histochemical and electron-microscopical observation.

ACTH was administered subcutaneously to rat fetus directly at the late stage of fetal development and acute reaction on the fetal adrenal cortex was observed histochemically and electron microscopically. By administration of ACTH the adrenal cortex became remarkably hyperemic and there were swollen cells in all layers, particularly in the middle and inner layers (corresponding to the zona fasciculata and reticularis in adult rat). Marked reduction of lipid, enlarged mitochondria with increased vesicular cristae and increased smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (SER) were characteristic. The alterations of mitochondria preceded the change of SER, and thereafter mitochondria showed rapid degeneration. The outer layer (corresponding to the zona glomerulosa in adult rat) also showed similar changes by ACTH to those of the other two layers. These results indicated that the fetal adrenal cortex of rats was exogenous ACTH-reactive and its reaction which was different from that of adult cortical cells, seemed to be specifically related to the development and differentiation of the cells.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1977

An autopsy case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with kuru-like neuropathological changes.

An autopsy case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with Kuru-like neuropathological changes which revealed clinically extrapyramidal, pyramidal and psychic symptoms is presented in this report. On microscopic examination, status spongiosus, neuronal degeneration, proliferation of hypertrophic astrocytes and numerous plaques were observed in the cerebrum and cerebellum accompanied with widespread demyelinization. These plaques which suggested Kuru plaques measuring 10 to 60 micron were strongly PAS positive and had a dense central core surrounded by a halo of fine radially arranged fibrils. As for the relationship between Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and Kuru, the significance of these morphological changes is discussed.

Adult↗