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H Tashiro

Publications and source records attributed to H Tashiro.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Measurement of inhibin concentrations in men: study of changes after castration and comparison with androgen levels in testicular tissue, spermatic venous blood, and peripheral venous blood.

We measured serum inhibin levels in eight untreated patients with prostatic cancer undergoing castration by RIA using an antiserum against 31-kDa bovine follicular fluid inhibin. The inhibin concentrations in testicular tissue and spermatic venous blood were also measured in six of these patients. Serum inhibin levels (mean +/- SD, 377.8 +/- 212.1 U/L), declined rapidly after castration (15 min after, 233 +/- 171.4; 30 min, 224.6 +/- 156.6; 1 h, 181.5 +/- 95.9; 2 h, 174.3 +/- 69.4; 4 h, 122 +/- 6.4; 6 h, less than 120). High concentrations of inhibin were detected in testicular tissue (31,360 +/- 15,180 U/kg), and the levels in spermatic venous blood (3,178.3 +/- 1,386.8 U/L) were approximately 10 times greater than those in peripheral blood (385.5 +/- 233.1 U/L). Testosterone levels were 1,968.2 +/- 992.3 nmol/kg in testicular tissue and approximately 100 times greater in spermatic venous blood (1,631.6 +/- 389.7 nmol/L) than in peripheral blood (18.0 +/- 4.4 nmol/L). These results suggest that circulating inhibin in men mainly originates from testis and that one of the routes of secretion is via the bloodstream.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Solitary cerebral varix. Case report].

A 69-year-old male presented with a 4-month episode of tonic seizures of the right arm and leg. Neurological examination revealed no abnormal findings. In the electroencephalogram, sharp wave trains were seen dominantly in the left frontal region. Computed tomography scans showed a spotty hyperdense lesion in the left insular area with minimal enhancement. Left carotid angiogram demonstrated no abnormalities in the arterial and capillary phases. In the venous phase, however, a varicose dilatation of the posterior insular vein was found, which was also noticed in the delayed phase. Magnetic resonance T1-weighted images failed to detect the lesion, but T2-weighted images showed a slight signal focus in the same area. After administration of 300 mg of phenytoin daily, the frequency of attacks markedly decreased and the patient was kept under close outpatient observation.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Molecular cloning of cDNA encoding a human heat-shock protein whose expression is induced by adenovirus type 12 E1A in HeLa cells.

We have identified by differential plaque hybridization, human cDNA clones encoding a member of a heat-shock protein family (hsp 90 alpha) in the cDNA library of Adenovirus Type 12 E1A transfected HeLa cells. The complete nucleotide sequence of one of the clones (pHB76-114A) was identified. The sequence of 2912 base pairs had a single reading frame with a coding potential for an 84,672-Da protein. The amino acid sequence was highly homologous, but not identical, to that of the human hsp 90 alpha gene isolated from human peripheral blood lymphocytes [M. Yamazaki, K. Akaogi, T. Miwa, T. Imai, E. Soeda and K. Yokoyama, Nucleic Acids Res., 17, 7108 1989)]. This cDNA hybridized with RNA species which increased 5- to 20-fold upon heat shock and more than 5-fold in the differentiation stage of human Tera 2 cells.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1990

[The reliability of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of breast cancer].

Between September 1981 and December 1987, 1023 palpable breast tumors were submitted for cytological evaluation by fine needle aspiration before surgery (carcinoma: 793 cases, benign breast diseases: 230 cases). Clinical factor relating to the success of the aspirations were evaluated. Cases were regarded as positive when patients had a grade IV or more rating by Papanicolaou classification. The sensitivity was shown to be 73% (578/793); the specificity being 98% (226/230). A significantly lower rate of positive cancer identification occurred in smaller tumors (less than 2 cm, P less than 0.01) or scirrhous carcinomas (P less than 0.05). The comparison of positive rates between the aspiration cytology (66%) and the stamp cytology (95%) in 258 breast cancers (P less than 0.01) indicates the limited value of cytological diagnosis of breast cancers by fine needle aspiration.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1990

[A case-control study of risk factors of breast cancer detected by mass screening].

A case-control study has been performed to elucidate the risk factors of women with a breast cancer that was detected by mass screening. Studied were the cases of fifty-two women with a primary breast cancer that had been detected by mass screening from 1978 to 1989. Age-matched mass screening controls and hospital controls were randomly selected at the rate of two controls for each case. Risk factors investigated were the age at menarche, the age at marriage, the number of pregnancies, the number of full-term pregnancies, the age at first delivery, the status of lactation, the age at menopause, the family history of breast cancer, benign breast disease, exogenous hormonal agents, and obesity. In comparing the mass screening subjects with the controls, a significant odds ratio (OR) was shown in no lactation (OR = 2.67, p = 0.02) and the history of a previous benign disease (OR = 2.56, p = 0.03). No lactation (OR = 2.29, p = 0.02) was significant when compared with the hospital controls. Furthermore, early menopause and an early age at first delivery seemed to act as a protective factor against breast cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The role of cigarette smoking and drinking in the development of liver cancer: 28 years of observations on male cohort members in a farming and fishing area.

Cohort studies of 639 males in a farming area (Cohort I) and 677 males in a fishing area (Cohort II) in Kyushu, Japan, had been conducted to assess the involvement of smoking and drinking in the development of liver cancer. An observed-to-expected (O/E) ratio of liver cancer was 1.3 in Cohort I and 3.1 (p less than 0.01) in Cohort II. A significant excess in deaths was found in Cohort II. No significant risk elevation was observed for smokers and drinkers in Cohort I. Although the odds ratio (OR) of 3.6 (0.6 to 22.3) suggested an elevated risk among cigarette smokers in Cohort II, no clear linear trend of ORs was observed. In contrast, a significant elevation of OR (7.0) was noted among shochu drinkers in this cohort. The respective ORs were 5.0 (1.3 to 19.7), 8.6 (2.1 to 36.1), 14.1 (3.6 to 55.9) for shochu drinkers of less than 1, 1 to 2, and 2+ units (approximately 180 ml in volume), and a highly significant dose-response relationship was observed (chi 2 = 12.1; p less than 0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated an insignificant effect of smoking and a major contribution of drinking to the development of liver cancer. Shochu drinking (or probably high alcohol intake) seems to have a significant involvement in the etiology of liver cancer, at least in Cohort II.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[A randomized trial of endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and chemo-endocrine therapy in advanced breast cancer].

A randomized trial of endocrine therapy (adreno-oophorectomy, H), chemotherapy (FAC, C), chemoendocrine therapy (FAC + tamoxifen, H'C, or FAC + adreno-oophorectomy, HC) was performed in 114 advanced breast cancer patients from September, 1979 to December, 1983, and 106 were evaluable. The response to H, C, H'C, and HC was shown to be 33% (10/30), 54% (14/26), 59% (17/29), and 76% (16/21), respectively. There was a significantly higher response rate in HC group than H group. Higher but not significantly different response was obtained by H'C as compared with H. There were no significant differences in the overall survival among the treatment arms. However, patients treated with H survived longer (greater than 5 years). These results suggest that higher response obtained by chemotherapy, alone or in combination with endocrine therapy does not seem to contribute to the prolongation of survival of the patients.

Adrenalectomy↗
PubMed1990

Comparisons of interval breast cancers with other breast cancers detected through mass screening and in outpatient clinics in Japan.

In a nation-wide collaborative study on mass screening for breast cancer, we collected 152 cases of interval breast cancer diagnosed at 35 hospitals or clinics distributed throughout Japan. The definition of interval breast cancer used in the present study is "breast cancer cases which were diagnosed as having 'no malignant findings' in a previous screening for breast cancer but subsequently diagnosed as 'breast cancer' at a hospital or medical clinic within two years of the previous screening." The clinical stages and prognoses of these interval cancer were analyzed and compared with those of other breast cancers detected through mass screening and in outpatient clinics. In the clinical staging of interval breast cancer, Tis (non infiltrating cancer) accounted for only 2.1%, compared to 8.0% in cases detected through mass screening. At stage I 43.4% were interval breast cancers compared to 32.9% breast cancers detected through mass screening and 25.4% diagnosed in outpatient clinics. The stage differences between interval breast cancers and breast cancers detected through mass screening were not statistically significant. Five-year survival rates were 85.6% for interval breast cancers, 91.7% for breast cancers detected through mass screening and 84.7% for breast cancers diagnosed in outpatient clinics. Ten-year survival rates were 75.9, 80.5 and 78.1%, respectively, suggesting the interval breast cancer cases to show a similar prognosis to that of breast cancer cases diagnosed in outpatient clinics. The differences in five- and 10-year survival rates among the three groups were not statistically significant. From the present study we were not able to confirm the general belief of interval cancer being more aggressive in nature and showing a poorer prognosis than cancer detected through periodic screening. The reasons for this are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

In vitro clonogenic growth and metastatic potential of human operable breast cancer.

In 254 patients with operable [International Union against Cancer (1972) Stages I, II, and III] breast cancer, the relations between in vitro clonogenic growth in soft agar of primary breast cancer tumors and their metastatic potential expressed by the relapse-free survivals (RFS) as well as overall survivals were studied. Sixty-four % (163 of 254) of cancers formed distinct colonies (30 or more colonies in a single dish, or 10 or more colonies in plural dishes). Other breast cancers (36%, 91 of 254) were designated to be negative for the clonogenicity. There was no correlation between the positive or negative clonogenicity and clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancer patients, including the age of patients, menopausal status, tumor size, T classification, International Union against Cancer stage, histological type (Japanese Breast Cancer Society), histologically proved axillary lymph node metastasis, and estrogen receptor (ER). At the time of median follow-up of 43 mo (range, 25 to 61 mo) after mastectomy, a recurrence of malignancy occurred in 19.0% (31 of 163) of the patients with positive clonogenic tumors, and in 8.8% (8 of 91) of those with negative clonogenic tumors (P = 0.03). There also was a significant difference (P less than 0.03 by log rank test, P less than 0.05 by generalized Wilcoxon test) in RFS curves between positive and negative clonogenicity groups. These differences in RFS were also noted in Stage II patients in favor of the negative colony formation group. In ER-negative cancer patients, the RFS of patients with positive clonogenic cancers was shown to be worse (P less than 0.03 by log rank test, P less than 0.05 by generalized Wilcoxon test) than patients with negative clonogenic cancers. There was no difference in RFS in ER-positive cancer patients. There was a trend (P = 0.09 by log rank test) of worse overall survival rate in patients with positive clonogenic growth. In a multivariate comparison using the principal component analysis composed of factors including positive node, T classification, histological type, age, ER, and colony formation, the clonogenicity showed a significant effect on the recurrence of malignancy and also on the survival of the patients after mastectomy. In conclusion, in vitro clonogenic growth of the primary tumor of breast cancer was shown to be one of the independent factors of metastatic potential in operable breast cancer patients after mastectomy.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

The influence of periosteal elevation on mandibular growth in young rats.

The effect of periosteal elevation on the growth of the mandible was investigated in 142 3-week-old male rats. Surgery was performed at 3 weeks of age, and the animals were sacrificed at 6, 9, and 15 weeks of age. Measurements were carried out on dried halves of the mandibles. A bone defect was found at the 3rd week postoperatively but had filled in at the 6th week postoperatively. Histological and microangiographical studies were carried out up to the 6th week postoperatively. No significant differences were recorded in the size of the operated and unoperated halves of the mandibles. The growth pattern for the experimental group tended to be similar to that of the control group. It is therefore concluded that periosteal elevation alone does not induce growth impairment in the mandible of young rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Surgical treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar neck.

In this paper, the authors describe their surgical procedures, the clinical management, and radiological evaluation of condylar neck fractures. The condylar neck is the site of approximately two-thirds of all mandibular fractures. These are treated either conservatively or by open reduction. Indications for open reduction are discussed. Approximately 5-30% of all condylar neck fractures are treated surgically, depending on the circumstances of each case. The role of open reduction is realignment of segments, early function and decreased post-operative complaints. It has been our experience that surgical treatment of selected condylar neck fractures is successful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The rapid evaluation of intestinal bacterial growth using a conjugate of ursodeoxycholic acid with para-aminobenzoic acid.

From the standpoint of utilizing the distinctive feature of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and the metabolism of intestinal bile acid, a conjugate of ursodeoxycholic acid with PABA (PABA-UDCA) was newly synthesized to study whether it can be a good material or not for the evaluation of the activity of intestinal bacterial growth. This compound was efficiently deconjugated in an incubation experiment with cholylglycine hydrolase resulting in the release of PABA. In a cultivation experiment, this compound was deconjugated by the same species of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria that deconjugated glycocholic acid. In an animal experiment, urinary excretions of PABA during 6 h following oral administration of 10 mg PABA-UDCA were determined. The control rat (n = 10) excreted 338.5 +/- 13.8 micrograms (mean +/- S.E.) of PABA. In contrast with this, the rats (n = 10) with intestinal antisepsis by the administration of polymyxin B and tinidazole excreted less PABA (14.0 +/- 2.5 micrograms; p less than 0.001), whereas the rats with intestinal bacterial overgrowth owing to the artificially made enteric blind loop excreted more PABA than the control rats did (673.6 +/- 70.2 micrograms; p less than 0.01). These observations indicate that this new compound is likely to offer a simple and rapid method for evaluation of intestinal bacterial growth.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1989

[Systemic adjuvant therapy in patients with operable breast cancer].

The results of adjuvant trials conducted from April, 1972 to August, 1978 showed that chemotherapy was more effective to premenopausal patients and endocrine therapy prolonged disease-free survival of postmenopausal patients compared with premenopausal ones. Preliminary analysis of randomized trial now on going suggests that endocrine therapy is best candidate for receptor-positive patients and chemotherapy for receptor-negative patients. Prognostic factors of primary breast cancer was discussed.

Androstanols↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of gene amplification in human tumor cells by in-gel DNA renaturation assay.

The incidence of gene amplification in leukemia/lymphoma is significantly lower than that in solid tumors. For understanding the biological characteristics of leukemia/lymphoma, it is necessary to clarify whether the incidence of gene amplification is actually lower or gene amplification specific to hemopoietic malignancies has not yet been found. We describe a new version of in-gel DNA renaturation technique for general screening of gene amplification that allows detection and cloning of amplified genes of unknown nature as few as 7- to 8-fold amplification.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1988

Late occurring recurrence of oral cancer after combined treatment with bleomycin and radiotherapy.

Among 11 patients with oral cancer that disappeared after combined treatment with bleomycin and radiotherapy without surgery, one had an early recurrence and three had recurrences after 2 years or more. These late occurring recurrences were microcancers on mucous membranes that were thought to have been cured. Two of the three patients whose tumors recurred and another patient were found to have epithelial dysplasia at 1 year and 2 months, 4 years and 2 months, and 1 year and 3 months later, respectively. Among 59 patients who underwent surgery after the combined treatment, no viable cancer cells were found in the resected specimens of 20 patients, but moderate or severe epithelial dysplasia was noted in ten of the 20 patients. The present findings imply that patients in whom an apparent cure has been brought about by conservative treatment may harbor latent malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A randomized trial of adjuvant endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and chemoendocrine therapy for operable breast cancer stratified by estrogen receptors.

Based on estrogen receptor (ER) status and menopausal status, operable breast cancer (International Union Against Cancer [UICC] Stage I, II, and III) patients were randomized for adjuvant endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and chemoendocrine therapy, and the effects on the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared. Adjuvant endocrine therapy was composed of tamoxifen (TAM) 20 mg/day orally for 2 years in postmenopausal patients. In premenopausal patients, oophorectomy (OVEX) was done before TAM administration. In the chemotherapy arm, the patients were given 0.06 mg/kg of body weight of mitomycin C (MMC) intravenously (IV) and then an oral administration of cyclophosphamide (CPA) 100 mg/body orally in an administration of a 3-month period and a 3-month intermission. This 6-month schedule was repeated four times in 2 years. As the chemoendocrine therapy arm, TAM with MMC + CPA chemotherapy was added. The patients were randomized according to ER and menopausal status. Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) cancer patients were randomized to three arms: TAM +/- OVEX, MMC + CPA, or MMC + CPA + TAM. For estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) patients, there were two arms: MMC + CPA, or MMC + TAM. The study started in September 1978, and 692 patients entered until the end of 1984 were evaluated. The median follow-up was about 46 months. Totally, a 9.8% rate (68/692) of recurrence was noted, a 7.5% rate (52/692) of mortality. There were no significant differences in DFS or OS among the treatment arms in ER+ or ER- patients. There was significant differences in adverse effects such as bone marrow suppression, gastrointestinal disturbances, cystitis, hair loss between endocrine therapy and chemotherapy or chemoendocrine therapy groups. In this preliminary study, it was concluded that because of less adverse effects of endocrine therapy, it seems rational to select the operable breast cancer patients by the presence or absence of ER, namely, endocrine therapy for ER+ and chemotherapy for ER- cancer patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗