Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Tasaki

Publications and source records attributed to H Tasaki.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Recovery in aphasia (Part 1)].

In order to elucidate the factors which have an influence on the prognosis of aphasia, a correlation was studied in 76 right-handed aphasic patients between recovery rates and various factors: i.e. aphasia type, age, educational level, time between onset of aphasia and institution of therapy and initial severity. Initial evaluations on Standard Language Test of Aphasia (SLTA) were obtained within 5 months after the cerebrovascular accident and reevaluations were obtained 3 months after the initial evaluation. Recovery rates were determined by comparing scores of these 2 tests in order to coincide with clinical impression. The results obtained were as follows: Aphasia type: The highest recovery rates were seen in conduction aphasics, followed by amnestic, Wernicke, and Broca aphasics. Global aphasics had significantly lower recovery rates. It was suggested that anarthria in Broca's aphasia and jargon in Wernicke's aphasia had a significant ratarding effect on recovery rates. Age: Age and recovery rates showed a significant negative correlation: younger patients recovered better, and this trend was remarkable in Wernicke aphasics but not Broca aphasics. Education: Patients with more education tended to improve more, and this trend was most remarkable in amnestic aphasics. Time between onset of aphasia and institution of therapy: Time elapsed from onset and recovery rates showed a significant negative correlation; recovery rates decreased as the time interval from onset increased. Initial severity: Correlation between the initial severity of aphasia, measured by the initial SLTA scores and recovery rates was very high; severily affected aphasics recovered to a lesser extent than mildly affected ones and this trend was remarkable in Wernicke and Broca aphasics.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Localization of lesions in aphasia: clinical-CT scan correlations (Part 1)].

Using a microcomputer, the locus and extent of the lesions, as demonstrated by computed tomography for 127 cases with various types of aphasia were superimposed onto standardized matrices. The relationship between the foci of the lesions and the types of aphasia was investigated. Broca ++aphasics (n = 39): Since the accumulated site of the lesions highly involved the deep structures of the lower part of the precentral gyrus as well as the insula and lenticular nucleus, only 60% of the Broca aphasics had lesions on these areas. This finding has proved to have little localizing value. Wernicke aphasics (n = 23): The size of the lesion was significantly smaller than Broca's aphasia. At least 70% of the patients had the superior temporal lesions involving Wernicke's area and subcortical lesions of the superior and middle temporal gyri. The site of lesion corresponded roughly to the previous clinico-pathological reports but located a little deep. Amnestic aphasics (n = 18): The size of the lesion was smaller than any other types. While there was some concentration of the lesions (maximum 40%) in the area of the subcortical region of the anterior temporal gyrus adjacent to Wernicke's area and the lenticular nucleus, the lesions were distributed throughout the left hemisphere. Amnestic aphasia was thought to be the least localizable. Conduction aphasics (n = 11): The lesions were relatively small in size. Many patients had posterior speech area lesions involving at least partially Wernicke's area. In particular, more than 80% of the conduction aphasics had lesions of the supramarginal gyrus and it's adjacent deep structures. Global aphasics (n = 36): In general, the size of the lesion was very large and 70% of the global aphasics had extensive lesions involving both Broca's and Wernicke's areas. However, there were observations showing that the lesions can be small and confined. Because of the large variability in lesion patterns and speech disturbances, it is necessary to expand the number of cases for relate detailed neuropsychological examinations with morphological CT-findings. Our method permits it easily to process and to analyze a large number of cases. By studying larger series, the better definition in the relationship between anatomic lesion location and aphasia type, even for less common aphasia syndromes could be obtained.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Seroepidemiologic studies on rubella in Fukuoka in southern Japan during 1965-1981: rubella epidemic pattern, endemicity and immunity gap.

The epidemiology of rubella in most areas of Asia has not been defined. In Fukuoka city in southern Japan, rubella epidemics occurred in 1956-58, in 1966 and in 1976-77. During the first halves of the 1960s and 1970s, neither epidemic nor endemic clinical rubella occurred. Rubella mass vaccination for girls of 14 years of age started in 1978. Rubella seroepidemiologic studies were performed in 1965, 1974, 1978-79 and 1981 in Fukuoka city. Current studies indicated that children of 6-10 years of age during the epidemics of 1956-58, 1966 and 1976-77 were infected with rubella in 72%, 37% and 57% of cases, respectively. Just before the epidemics of 1966 and 1976-77 100% of the children under nine years of age had no antibodies to rubella indicating absence of recent outbreaks. Whereas 95% of the population (young women of 15-18 years of age in 1981) which participated in the rubella mass vaccination programme since 1978 have rubella Hl antibodies, 46% of the nonparticipating population (19-23 years of age in 1981) remains susceptible to rubella. These facts indicate that rubella epidemics occurred in 1956-58, 1966 and 1976-77, that the magnitude of each epidemic was different, and that there were intervals without endemicity in the inter-epidemic periods. However, after the nation wide rubella epidemic in 1975-77, endemic rubella continued, and rubella epidemics again occurred in 1980-82. The unique rubella epidemic pattern in Japan may be changing in the 1980s to that which existed in most areas of the world where rubella was endemic with periodic increased incidence of epidemicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Tachistoscope and dichotic listening test of the subject after the transection of the posterior part of the corpus callosum].

The authors made neuropsychological studies by the tachistoscope and the dichotic listening test on a subject who had undergone the transection of the posterior part of the corpus callosum. As to the tachistoscopic recognition, stimulus material was composed with the various Japanese letters (Katakana, Hiragana, Kanji), various faces (variations of the eyebrow form and the mouth form) and various slopes of line. Table 1 shows results of the cases (the subject was the present case, subjects 1 and subject 2 were past cases). It was seen that the performance of the subject on Japanese letters tasks showed greater right visual field superiority than the one of subject 1 and subject 2. As to the auditory recognition, the tasks used for the dichotic listening test were the following (Table 2, 3, 4). Different digits (three pairs) of the subject showed greater right ear superiority (right ear: 61.1, left ear 5.9) than the ones of subject 1 and subject 2.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Perception of music stimuli by the Dichotic Listening Test--studies on college students making a specialty of music].

Nineteen right-handed college students making a specialty of music (9 males and 10 females), were tested in recognition of five kinds of dichotically presented stimuli; originally recorded tones, chords, rhythms, melodies and digits. The tests compared the abilities of each ear to recognize double auditory stimuli presented simultaneously to both ears. As for verbal stimuli, in the recognition of digits stimuli, right ear superiority was found. As for musical stimuli, in the rhythm tests, the mean scores for the right ear were significantly higher than for the left ear. In the melody tests, the right ear superiority was found. In the tone tests and chord tests, the mean scores for the two ears were nearly the same. As for sex differences, no significant differences between males and females in the recognition of five kinds of stimuli. In our last reports, we stated that the primary school and senior high school students belonging to the musical club were tested in the recognition of the same stimuli, and it was suggested that the right hemisphere was superior for melodic recognition and the left hemisphere was superior for rhythmic recognition. Compared with our last reports, it is suggested that there is a difference between musically inexpert individuals and expert ones on the perception of the melodic stimuli. In the early stage of musical training, the melodies are perceived as whole and gestalts and processed in the right hemisphere. By contrast, musically expert individuals perceives the melodies, breaking down tonal sequences and symbolizing. They process melodies in the left hemisphere. It is suggested that the specialization of the music brings the shift of hemispheric lateralization of the perception of melodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Correlation between pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure in congenital heart diseases with left to right shunt.

Our studies recently conducted on the correlation between pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure in 467 cases, identified an extremely high correlation between the two. The correlation coefficient between pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure (PAdp) and pulmonary to systemic resistance ratio (Rp/Rs) was 0.799 and that between pulmonary vascular resistance index (RP-index) and PAdp was found to be 0.791. And a still higher correlation was observed between pulmonary vascular resistance and pressure gradient between PAdp and left atrial mean pressure (LAmp), where the correlation coefficient between Rp/Rs and (PAdp-LAmp) was 0.851 and that between Rp-index and (PAdp-LAmp) was 0.813. Those correlations are found to be higher in degree than the correlations between pulmonary arterial mean pressure or pulmonary arterial systolic pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, leading to the conclusion that the pulmonary arterial diastolic pressure is of extremely high clinical importance as an index for increase in pulmonary vascular resistance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Electrophysiological studies of the antrum muscle fibers of the guinea pig stomach.

The membrane potentials of single smooth muscle fibers of various regions of the stomach were measured, and do not differ from those measured in intestinal muscle. Spontaneous slow waves with superimposed spikes could be recorded from the longitudinal and circular muscle of the antrum. The development of tension was preceded by spikes but often tension appeared only when the slow waves were generated. Contracture in high K solution developed at a critical membrane potential of -42 mv. MnCl(2) blocked the spike generation, then lowered the amplitude of the slow wave. On the other hand, withdrawal of Na(+), or addition of atropine and tetrodotoxin inhibited the generation of most of the slow waves but a spike could still be elicited by electrical stimulation. Prostigmine enhanced and prolonged the slow wave; acetylcholine depolarized the membrane without change in the frequency of the slow waves. Chronaxie for the spike generation in the longitudinal muscle of the antrum was 30 msec and conduction velocity was 1.2 cm/sec. The time constant of the foot of the propagated spike was 28 msec. The space constants measured from the longitudinal and circular muscles of the antrum were 1.1 mm and 1.4 mm, respectively.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of LDL-apheresis on the pharmacokinetics of the lipophilic antilipidemic agent probucol.

The effect of LDL-apheresis on the pharmacokinetics of antilipidemic agents has not been evaluated thoroughly. In this study, we investigated the effect of LDL-apheresis on the pharmacokinetics of probucol, a lipophilic antilipidemic agent, by studying its distribution and changes in the blood concentration of probucol after LDL-apheresis. The concentrations of lipoproteins were measured before and after LDL-apheresis in eight patients with familial hypercholesterolemia taking probucol. Concentrations of probucol in the various lipoprotein fractions and plasma were measured by HPLC. The serum concentrations of probucol before and after LDL-apheresis were 39.8 +/- 3.3 and 16.5 +/- 1.6 micrograms/ml, and the correlation coefficient between the changes in the serum probucol concentration and those in the serum cholesterol concentration before and after LDL-apheresis was significant (r = 0.73, P < 0.01). Changes in the probucol and cholesterol concentrations after LDL-apheresis were mainly found in the LDL fraction. The calculated reductions in the serum contents of probucol and cholesterol were similar to the contents of probucol and cholesterol in the irrigation fluid of the dextran sulfate column. These data suggest that changes of probucol concentration in plasma by LDL-apheresis are mainly due to reductions in the LDL fraction.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗