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Biomedical subjects

H Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taniguchi.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Enhancement by thyroxine of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The affects of L-thyroxine (T4) on the incidence and histology of gastric cancers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and on the labelling index of gastric mucosal epithelial cells were investigated in Wistar rats. After oral treatment with MNNG for 25 weeks, the rats received s.c. injections of T4 (0.2 microgram kg-1) in depot form every other day until the end of the experiment in Week 52. This long-term treatment with T4 significantly increased the incidence of gastric cancers in Week 52. However, it did not influence the histological type of the gastric cancers. It also caused significant increases in the labelling indices of the fundic and antral epithelial cells. These findings indicate that T4 enhances the development of gastric cancers, and that its effect may be related to its effect in increasing proliferation of gastric epithelial cells.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

Enhancement by the tricyclic antidepressant, desipramine, of experimental carcinogenesis in rat colon induced by azoxymethane.

The effects of the tricyclic antidepressant drug desipramine on the incidence, number and histology of colon tumors induced by azoxymethane (AOM), and on the serum norepinephrine (NE) concentration and the labeling index of colon mucosa were investigated in Wistar rats. Rats were treated s.c. with 7.4 mg AOM/kg body wt once a week for 10 weeks, and also s.c. with 10 mg desipramine hydrochloride (desipramine)/kg body weight until the end of the experiment. Treatment with desipramine significantly increased the incidence, but not the number, of colon tumors in week 35. However, it did not influence the location and the histological appearance of the colon tumors or the histological types of colon adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, it significantly increased the serum NE level and the labeling index of colon mucosa during and after AOM treatment. These findings indicate that desipramine enhanced the development of colon tumors and that its effect may be related to its effect in increasing proliferation of colon epithelial cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Enhancing effects of calcium-deficient diet on gastric carcinogenesis by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of ad libitum feeding of calcium-deficient diet on the incidence, number and histological types of gastric cancers induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) were investigated in male Wistar rats. Rats were fed standard pellet diet containing 0.5% (normal-calcium diet) or 0.01% calcium (calcium-deficient diet) after oral treatment with MNNG for 25 weeks. Oral administration of the calcium-deficient diet resulted in a significant increase in the incidence, but not the number, of gastric cancers in experimental Week 52. However, it did not affect the histological types of cancer. The calcium-deficient diet also caused a significant increase in tissue norepinephrine concentration of the antral portion of the gastric wall and in the labeling index of the antral epithelial cells. These findings indicate that the calcium-deficient diet enhanced gastric carcinogenesis and suggest that its effect may be related to increase in norepinephrine in the gastric wall and consequent stimulation of proliferation of antral epithelial cells.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Possible involvement of beta-PKC rather than that of alpha-PKC in differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells to adipocytes.

The change of subspecies of protein kinase C (PKC) was studied in 3T3-L1 cells in terms of their differentiation to adipocytes. 3T3-L1 cells feasible to differentiate to adipocytes by exposure to 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) and dexamethasone had both alpha- and beta-PKC. However, 3T3-L1 cells unfurnished with such feasibility had only alpha-PKC. alpha-PKC, therefore, seems to be more deeply involved in differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells to adipocytes than alpha-PKC.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMed1993

[A case of paragonimiasis westermani diagnosed on the observation of parasitic ova in bronchial washing fluid and successfully treated with praziquantel].

A 41-year-old male visited our clinic complaining of cough and dirty hemosputum. Roentgenogram and CT scan of the chest revealed a cavitary nodule in the S1+2 of the left lung. After administration of antibiotics (CFIX, ASPC, FMOX, CLDM), the cavities were disappeared but the size of the nodule remained unchanged. Because the possibility of lung cancer could not be excluded, we underwent transbronchial brushing and bronchial lavage. Then, parasitic ova of Paragonimus westermani was detected in BALF, and an Ouchterlony's double diffusion test showed strong reaction against Paragonimus westermani antigen. The patient was successfully treated with praziquantel. Efficacy of the treatment was confirmed by a remarkable decrease of antibody titer measured by microplate-EIA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Characteristics of the Shigella flexneri strains isolated from Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata)].

Shigella flexneri was isolated from 11 of 95 Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) purchased by the Animal Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, during the period from 1988 through 1990. The serotypes of the isolates were 4a (5 isolates), 2a (4 isolates), 2b (1 isolate), and varY (1 isolate). Although some of the strains in the same serotypes were similar, others were different in their antibiotic susceptibility patterns or the plasmid profiles. Our results suggested that various types of Shigella flexneri had infected the Japanese monkeys. However, the source(s) and the routes of infection were unclear. Dysentery in the Japanese monkey has not yet been reported. So, to our knowledge, this may be the first report of dysentery among Japanese monkeys.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Lipopolysaccharide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor delay neutrophil apoptosis and ingestion by guinea pig macrophages.

In previous studies, neutrophil-ingesting macrophages were clearly and easily observed in the peritoneal cavity of guinea pigs after intraperitoneal injection of thioglycolate medium, and phagocytosis of neutrophils by macrophages could be detected in in vitro cultures of peritoneal exudate cells. Using an in vitro system, we examined the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on the apoptosis (programmed cell death) of neutrophils and their subsequent ingestion by macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide delayed karyopyknosis and apoptosis of neutrophils, as shown by endogenous endonuclease activity and a high proportion of trypan blue-excluding cells, and subsequent ingestion by autologous macrophages. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor also delayed neutrophil karyopyknosis and ingestion by macrophages. When a thioglycolate medium was coinjected intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide into guinea pigs in the in vivo system, delays in neutrophil disappearance and ingestion by macrophages in the peritoneal cavity were also observed. We suggest that bacterial products and cytokines regulate neutrophil apoptosis and subsequent ingestion by macrophages at inflamed sites.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Factors relating to coagulation, fibrinolysis and hepatic damage after liver resection.

A survey of the blood of twenty-two patients who had undergone hepatic resection was performed. Serum levels of alpha-2 plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex initially decreased from 1.58 +/- 0.31 microgram/ml on the preoperative day (PREOP), to 0.92 +/- 0.14 mu/ml on the first postoperative day (POD 1), and then increased to 3.13 +/- 0.92 micrograms/ml on the seventh postoperative day (POD 7) (mean +/- SE)). Thrombin-anti-thrombin III complex (14.2 +/- 4.3 ng/ml on PREOP and 26.0 +/- 4.1 ng/ml on POD 7 (mean +/- SE)) and D-dimer (335 +/- 96 ng/ml on PREOP and 1859 +/- 258 ng/ml on POD 7 (mean +/- SE)) increased in the early postoperative stage. The level of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha increased after the operations (from 13.2 +/- 1.8 pg/ml on PREOP to 37.8 +/- 12.8 pg/ml on POD 7 (mean +/- SE)). The level of thromboxane B-2 decreased at first, and then gradually increased and returned to its preoperative level on POD 7 (144.7 +/- 43.8 pg/ml on PREOP, 57.6 +/- 27.5 pg/ml on POD 1 and 152.5 +/- 58.4 pg/ml on POD 7 (mean +/- SE)). Superoxide dismutase activity increased at first, and then gradually decreased, postoperatively (2.8 +/- 0.5 NU/ml on PREOP, 4.8 +/- 0.8 NU/ml on POD 1 and 2.6 +/- 0.3 NU/ml on POD 7 (mean +/- SE)). That is, biodefensive reactions which protect patients against the shift to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were inferred with by the increase in antiplatelet aggregation, despite the activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms after hepatic resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effect of the leukotriene receptor antagonist ONO-1078 on extravascular lung water after coronary ligation in dogs.

To determine whether or not leukotrienes are associated with pulmonary edema after coronary ligation in dogs, we studied the effects of a specific leukotriene C4/D4 antagonist, ONO-1078, on extravascular lung water, as measured by the thermal-dye double indicator dilution method (Extravascular thermal volume, ETV). Six dogs served as a sham control (group 1). The proximal left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated for 45 min in 6 dogs (group 2), and in 6 others the coronary artery was ligated after pretreatment with ONO-1078 (1 mu/kg/min) (group 3). ETV and pulmonary arterial pressure were measured at control and 45 min after coronary ligation. In group 1, no significant change was found in ETV. Although there was no significant increase in pulmonary arterial pressure after coronary ligation, ETV significantly increased in groups 2 and 3. ETV increased more in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, but there was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3. Thus, ONO-1078 did not effectively prevent the accumulation of extravascular lung water after coronary ligation, indicating that leukotrienes are not important mediators of pulmonary edema after myocardial ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pulmonary edema after anteroseptal acute myocardial infarction.

To evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with anteroseptal myocardial infarction (MI) initially presenting with pulmonary edema, we analyzed 58 patients with anteroseptal MI who underwent emergency coronary arteriography that revealed single-vessel disease of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Of the 58 patients, pulmonary edema was observed in 24 patients (group A) and was absent in 34 patients (group B). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure was significantly higher, and cardiac output was significantly lower in group A. The site of coronary stenosis, maximum serum creatinine kinase value, and wall motion point score did not differ between the two groups. However, the incidence of previous hypertension and posterior wall thickness > or = 11 mm was significantly higher in group A than in group B (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Thus, impaired left ventricular diastolic filling in the non-MI segments due to higher incidence of hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy was considered to be the possible cause of pulmonary edema.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1993

Acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Analysis of clinical and pathologic findings in three cases.

We treated three patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had an acute clinical exacerbation. We analyzed their clinical, radiographic, therapeutic, and pathologic findings. Their initial symptoms were influenza-like illness or cough with fever, and all had leukocytosis and elevation of C-reactive protein. Infectious events were ruled out by extensive bacteriologic and serologic examination. The patients' lung injury scores progressed rapidly to severe lung injury compatible with adult respiratory distress syndrome. Findings from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed marked neutrophilia and elevation of albumin concentrations. All patients showed various degrees of improvement following corticosteroid therapy. Histologic findings from open lung biopsy specimens showed both usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) and organizing acute lung injury pattern. Whether these two forms of interstitial pneumonia (UIP and acute lung injury pattern) are variants of one disease or are unrelated and also the effectiveness of corticosteroid therapy on such conditions remain to be determined by further studies.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Clinical significance of pericardial effusion associated with pericarditis in acute Q-wave anterior myocardial infarction.

To elucidate the incidence and clinical factors related to the occurrence of pericardial effusion in infarction-associated pericarditis, 303 consecutive patients with their first Q-wave anterior myocardial infarction were examined carefully by means of auscultation, echocardiography, chest radiography, and hemodynamic monitoring. During the first 3 days, a pericardial rub was detected in 65 patients and was absent in 238 patients. Among the 65 patients with pericardial rub, pericardial effusion was present in 27 patients (group 1) and was absent in 38 patients (group 2). Although there were no significant differences in cardiac output, pulmonary artery wedge pressure and right atrial pressure between the two groups, patients in group 1 had significantly more left ventricular segments with advanced asynergy and higher radiographic scores (diffuse interstitial infiltrate or alveolar infiltrate) compared with those in group 2. Thus, pericardial effusion and increased extravascular lung water in infarction-associated pericarditis were not caused by left ventricular failure but by other mechanisms reflecting a larger infarct.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1993

Implication of cohesive binding of a macrolide antibiotic, rokitamycin, to ribosomes from Staphylococcus aureus.

In a previous paper we reported that rokitamycin (RKM) which killed some types of RKM-susceptible staphylococci bound cohesively to ribosomes obtained from such bacteria whereas other macrolides such as erythromycin and josamycin, which are generally known to be bacteriostatic, bound to these ribosomes only reversibly. From this observation, we speculated that such cohesive binding of RKM to certain ribosomes probably resulted in cell killing (Endou, K. et al., FEMS Microbiology Letters, 72: 93-96, 1990). However, this speculation was based only on circumstantial evidence and we did not show directly that reversible binding of RKM to ribosomes from other strains would bring about bacteriostasis only. A clinically isolated strain. Staphylococcus aureus S704, was found to be susceptible to RKM, mycinamicin and tylosin as well as lincosamide and streptogramin type B antibiotics but not to other macrolides (erythromycin, josamycin, rosamicin, etc.). RKM showed bacteriostatic, but not bactericidal activity, on the strain. Determinant(s) responsible for the bacteriostatic phenotype was transferred into strain NCTC8325 using bacteriophage 80L2; the obtained transductant was referred to as strain 8325MMT7. The drug bound reversibly, not cohesively, to the ribosomes from both strains S704 and 8325MMT7, confirming our earlier hypothesis that rokitamycin can cause bacteriostasis or cell death depending upon whether it binds reversibly or cohesively to the ribosomes of a given strain.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1993

Ultrastructural localization of myeloperoxidase activity in acute monoblastic leukemia.

In five patients with acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL), the ultrastructural localization of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was investigated by two methods, one generally used for the detection of MPO and the other for the detection of platelet peroxidase. The MPO-positive rate achieved was lower with the former method than with the later, indicating that MPO is degraded during the fixation of AMoL cells for electron microscopy. If the ultrastructural MPO positivity of leukemic cells varies when different detection methods are used, the possibility of monocytic leukemia should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Anesthetic management for cesarean section in two parturients with quintuplet gestation].

Two parturients with quintuplet pregnancy underwent urgent or elective cesarean section under general anesthesia at 30 and 29 week gestational ages respectively. Since multiple gestation pregnancy requires enough medical staffs and instruments for preterm newborn resuscitation, emergency cesarean delivery was avoided. For cesarean delivery, the operation was started immediately after crash induction and intubation, and less than 1% isoflurane balanced with 60% nitrous oxide was used before birth in attempt to maintain uterine relaxation and sufficient utero-placental perfusion. After the delivery, aggressive maneuvers with PGE1 infusion, intravenous ergometrine and oxytocin, and interruption of volatile anesthetic inhalation (replaced by buprenorphine) were employed for decreasing the blood loss. The anesthesia and postoperative course of two patients and their babies were uneventful. Thus, anesthetic considerations may include; 1) high risk pregnancy related with huge pregnant uterus, 2) preterm labor, 3) preparation of sufficient man-power and instruments, 4) to avoid uterine contraction before delivery for fetal oxygenation, and 5) the puerperal promotion of uterine contraction to decrease blood loss.

Adult↗