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Biomedical subjects

H Taniguchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Taniguchi.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Recurrence and survival rate of advanced gastric cancer after preoperative EAP-II intra-arterial infusion therapy].

Ninety-eight patients with advanced gastric cancers underwent gastrectomy from Jan. 1989 to Dec. 1991. For these patients, preoperative intra-arterial injection therapy using EAP-II (etoposide 100 mg, epirubicin 20 mg, carboplatin 100 mg) was given to 24 patients. In this report, the recurrence and survival rate of these patients were investigated. After curative resection, the survival rate of patients with EAP-II 36 months after operation was 76.9%, while that of patients without EAP-II was 78.6%. There were no significant differences between these two groups. Two peritoneal carcinomatoses and two liver metastases were seen in patients with EAP-II (recurrence rate, 30.7%). Eight recurrences were observed in patients without preoperative injection therapy (peritoneal dissemination, 4; local recurrence, 3; lymph node recurrence, 1). Previously, we reported that drugs were remarkably accumulated in gastric cancer tissue and regional lymph nodes after EAP-II intra-arterial injection therapy. This high accumulation might cause no local or lymph node recurrence was seen in patient with EAP-II. Thus, it was concluded that preoperative EAP-II intra-arterial injection may prevent local and lymph node recurrences, and that further study of the combination and dose of anti-cancer drug needed to improve the postoperative survival rate in advanced gastric cancer patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

The association of Helicobacter pylori with differentiated-type early gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have indicated that infection with Helicobacter pylori is closely associated with increased risk for gastric cancer. Previous studies, however, usually have been made on cases of advanced gastric cancer. METHODS: The Congo red-methylene blue test was performed on 19 healthy subjects, 24 patients with early gastric cancer of differentiated type, and 17 patients with early cancer of undifferentiated type. H. pylori infection was examined by culture of biopsy specimens obtained from noncancerous antral mucosa. RESULTS: H. pylori was detected in 19 (79%) of 24 patients with differentiated-type early gastric cancer, but in only 5 (29%) of 17 patients with undifferentiated-type early gastric cancer; this difference was statistically significant. It also was detected significantly more frequently in patients with differentiated cancers than in healthy subjects. CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection was closely associated with differentiated-type gastric cancers, but not with undifferentiated types.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1993

Purification and properties of laminaribiose phosphorylase (EC 2.4 1.31) from Euglena gracilis Z.

Three isoforms of laminaribiose phosphorylase, F0, F1, and F2, were purified to an electrophoretically homogeneous state from a cell free extract of Euglena gracilis Z (IAM E-6). F1 and F2 were the major components. The three enzymes showed very similar properties except their isoelectric points. They could also use laminaribiose as the glucosyl acceptor instead of glucose. The isoforms the same molecular mass of 120 kDa by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or 200 kDa by the gel filtration method, suggesting that they have a dimer structure. They could not be distinguished on the Ouchterlony's double diffusion test with mouse antiserum against F1 or F2. The substrate specificities of F1 and F2 were determined to be essentially the same. Both of the reaction mechanisms of F1 and F2 were determined to be ordered bi-bi mechanisms, as in the case of cellobiose phosphorylase. A competitive substrate inhibition was observed in their synthetic reaction. Two other strains, E. gracilis var. bacillaris (IAM E-2) and E. gracilis (IAM E-3), had only one laminaribiose phosphorylase, which corresponded to F0 on native PAGE.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Determination of estrogens in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography after pre-column derivatization with 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole.

A sensitive method for the determination of estrogens by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection was reported. The estrogens were derivatized with 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole to their esters in the presence of 4-piperidinopyridine and 1-isopropyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide perchlorate. The resulting esters were extracted with a Sep-Pak C18 plus cartridge, and then esters were separated on a Wakosil 5C18 column with water-methanol (10:90, v/v) as the mobile phase. The esters were detected by fluorimetric detection (excitation wavelength = 336 nm, emission wavelength = 440 nm). The within-day relative standards deviations (n = 6) for each estrogen (1.0 ng per 100 microliters of plasma) were 8.7-13.0%, and day-to-day relative standard deviations (n = 6) were 8.3-11.8%. The limits of detection for estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, estetrol, ethynyl-estradiol, 2-hydroxyestradiol, 4-hydroxyestradiol) were 0.1-0.2 pg per 100 microliters of plasma (signal-to-noise ratio 3).

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed1993

Interaction of myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS) with membrane phospholipids.

A major in vivo substrate of Ca(2+)-phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (MARCKS) shows phosphorylation-dependent translocation between the cytoplasmic and the membrane fractions. The mechanism of the translocation was studied with purified MARCKS and various membranes. MARCKS was found to bind to pure phospholipid membranes as well as to the synaptic vesicle membranes. Although the interaction of MARCKS with the latter was phosphorylation-dependent, phosphorylation by protein kinase C showed no significant effect on the binding to the phosphatidylcholine liposomes. However, when phosphatidylserine was included in the membranes, the association became phosphorylation-dependent. A synthetic phosphorylation domain peptide showed a similar phosphorylation-dependent interaction with the negatively charged liposomes. Phosphatidylserine but not phosphatidylcholine inhibited phosphorylation of MARCKS by protein kinase C. MARCKS seems to bind to the biomembranes through two binding sites: the N-terminal myristoyl moiety and the basic phosphorylation domain of amphiphilic nature. Phosphorylation of this domain lowers its affinity to phosphatidylserine and makes the whole molecule strongly negatively charged, which causes its dissociation from the membranes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Isolation of the non-myristoylated form of a major substrate of protein kinase C (MARCKS) from bovine brain.

A substrate protein of protein kinase C with an apparent molecular mass of 70 kDa has been purified from bovine brain. This protein shares several properties with a major substrate of protein kinase C (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate; MARCKS). It is heat-stable and copurifies with MARCKS during various steps (ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration). However, its elution from a calmodulin affinity column is different from that of MARCKS. It can be eluted by high ionic strength in the presence of calcium, whereas MARCKS can be eluted only in the absence of calcium. Its earlier elution from a reversed phase column suggests that p70 is less hydrophobic than MARCKS. The electrospray mass spectrum revealed an actual mass of 31,550 +/- 6.5 Da, very far from the apparent molecular mass in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (70,000 Da). This mass is about 200 Da smaller than that of MARCKS determined by mass spectrometry analysis (Manenti, S., Sorokine, O., Van Dorsselaer, A., and Taniguchi, H. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 22310-22315), close to the value expected for the change due to N-terminal myristoylation (210 Da). N-terminal amino acid sequencing showed that the N terminus is not blocked, and the sequence found for the 10 first amino acids is identical to that deduced from the cDNA sequence of bovine MARCKS. These data clearly establish that this protein is a non-myristoylated form of MARCKS and that the absence of the myristoyl moiety at the N terminus lowers the affinity to calmodulin. The purification performed both from the membrane and the cytoplasmic fractions of bovine brain indicated that this non-myristoylated form represents 20-30% of the MARCKS protein in the cytoplasmic fraction, and less than 5% in the membrane one.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Milky spots as the implantation site for malignant cells in peritoneal dissemination in mice.

We examined the site-specific implantation of cancer cells in peritoneal tissues after an i.p. inoculation of 10(5) P388 leukemia cells. Twenty-four h after the inoculation, the number of viable cancer cells infiltrating into specific tissue sites of the peritoneum was estimated by an i.p. transfer method. A descending order of tissue implantation with cancer cells was established as omentum > gonadal fat > mesenterium > posterior abdominal wall > stomach, liver, intestine, anterior abdominal wall, and lung. A significant correlation was established between the logarithm of the number of infiltrating cancer cells and the logarithm of the number of milky spots. Next, the omentum was examined microscopically after i.p. inoculation with P388 leukemia cells labeled with bromodeoxyuridine or B-16 PC melanoma, which were differentiated from the other cells by an immunocytological method using anti-bromodeoxyuridine antibody or by the melanin of the B-16 PC melanoma cells. These cancer cells were found microscopically to be infiltrating only the milky spots, whereas none were seen at the other sites. These results suggest that cancer cells seeded i.p. specifically infiltrate the milky spots in the early stage of peritoneal metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Determination of corticosteroids in plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography after pre-column derivatization with 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole.

2-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (CDB) was used as a pre-column derivatization reagent for corticosteroids analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. Eight corticosteroids were derivatized with CDB to their esters in acetonitrile containing 4-piperidinopyridine and 1-isopropyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropryl)carbodiimide perchlorate. The resulting CDB esters were extracted with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge and the esters were separated on a reversed-phase column (Zorbax ODS) with water-methanol (25:75, v/v) containing 5 mmol/l tetramethylammonium hydrogensulphate as the mobile phase. The limits of detection for steroids were 0.06-0.3 pg per 100 microliters of plasma (signal-to-noise = 3). The within-day relative standard deviations (n = 6) were 7.8-11.1%, and day-to-day relative standard deviations (n = 6) were 7.0-10.4%.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1993

Fundal atrophic gastritis as a risk factor for gastric cancer.

The role of atrophic gastritis of the gastric corpus (fundal atrophic gastritis) as a high-risk factor was investigated by studying operative findings and follow-up data on 690 patients with benign gastric diseases recorded at the Osaka Cancer Registry. The extent of fundal atrophic gastritis was determined by the endoscopic Congo red test. The patients were followed-up from the time of endoscopic examination (1968 to 1976) to December 31, 1987. The vital status of 654 patients (94.8%) at the end of the observation period was determined. During the follow-up period, 22 patients were found to have gastric cancer. The extent of fundal atrophic gastritis was shown to be closely related with the risk of developing gastric cancer. Patients who had been diagnosed as having severe fundal atrophic gastritis showed significantly higher risk of gastric cancer than patients who had been diagnosed as having little or no fundal atrophic gastritis (5.76-fold, calculated with adjustments for age, sex and the follow-up period). A positive linear relationship was found between the risk of developing gastric cancer and the extent of fundal atrophic gastritis. The observed number of gastric cancers was compared with the expected number calculated from the incidence in Osaka Prefecture. Analysis of the results showed that the observed and expected numbers of gastric cancers in patients with severe fundal atrophic gastritis were 11 and 4.8, respectively, the ratio of observed to expected numbers being 2.3 (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that severe fundal atrophic gastritis is a major risk factor for gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Blood supply and drug delivery to primary and secondary human liver cancers studied with in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling.

BACKGROUND: Because bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is incorporated into DNA synthesizing (S-phase) cells, the blood supply of liver tumors can be traced by injecting BrdU into either the hepatic artery or portal vein. It also is possible to study the delivery of anti-cancer drugs acting during S-phase when they are injected by these routes. The blood supply of and drug delivery to liver tumors were examined using BrdU in patients with 19 metastatic liver cancers and 8 hepatocellular carcinomas. METHODS: At the time of hepatic resection, 200 mg of BrdU was injected by the various routes or 200 mg of BrdU suspended in 2 ml of a lipid contrast medium was injected into the hepatic artery by a reported method 2 weeks before hepatectomy. The liver tumors resected were stained immunohistochemically with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method using anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: BrdU injected into the hepatic artery or portal vein was incorporated into the metastatic liver tumor. After intraarterial infusion BrdU suspension, the delivery of BrdU was enhanced. The nuclei of hepatocellular carcinomas that received BrdU from the hepatic artery or portal vein incorporated BrdU. CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic liver cancers had both arterial and portal blood supplies. Hepatocellular carcinomas also had, not only an arterial, but also a portal blood supply. In both primary and secondary hepatic cancers, the delivery of anti-cancer agents acting during S-phase using the lipid contrast medium administration method was excellent.

Bromodeoxyuridine↗
PubMed1993

Resection margin in patients with gastric cancer associated with esophageal invasion: clinicopathological study.

We investigated the correlations between resection margin involvement by carcinoma and a number of clinicopathological features in patients with gastric cancer and esophageal invasion. From January 1968 to December 1988, 1,040 patients with carcinoma of the stomach underwent gastric resection. Thirty-nine patients had tumor infiltration of the esophagus on histological examination of the resected specimens. The patients were divided into two groups on microscopic examination: those in whom the resection margin was less than 5 mm wide, and those in whom it exceeded 5 mm microscopically. There were 6 and 33 patients in the narrow and wide margin groups, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in tumor size, depth of cancer invasion, and macroscopic appearance between the two groups. The risk of resection margin involvement was high in tumors with the following features: large Borrmann type 4 tumor (macroscopic appearance and size) and infiltrative carcinoma (depth of invasion).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1993

Protein profiles of Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia-1 grown in macrophages and characterization of a gene encoding a novel 24 kDa Legionella protein.

Legionella pneumophila Philadelphia-1 strain was grown in cultured macrophages of guinea pigs, hamsters, and A/J mice and the bacteria were purified by Percoll density gradient centrifugation without any detergent. Patterns of the bacterial proteins were compared by SDS-PAGE with those of organisms cultured in vitro. A 24 kDa protein was a major protein of intracellularly grown bacteria: its expression was about four times as much as a 24 kDa protein of agar-grown bacteria. At least three novel proteins (100, 65, and 16 kDa) that were not found on agar-grown bacteria were also observed. In this paper, we focused on the 24 kDa major Legionella protein expressed within macrophages. Western blot and N-terminal amino acid analysis revealed that this protein is a novel protein different from Legionella proteins previously reported, including a 24 kDa macrophage infectivity potentiator protein (Mip). On the basis of amino acid sequence (MQRIKKI and IANAQGK), two kinds of oligonucleotides were synthesized and radiolabeled. Using these oligonucleotides as DNA probes, a 7.2 kb EcoRI-digested DNA fragment encoding the 24 kDa protein was cloned into lambda ZAP II phage vector in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue. A 0.9 kb DNA fragment from the 7.2 kb fragment was further subcloned into pUC118 in E. coli CSR603 for maxicell analysis or XL1-Blue for DNA sequencing. Maxicells which carry recombinant plasmids consisting of the 0.9 kb DNA fragment and vector plasmid pUC118 expressed the 24 kDa protein. When the DNA fragment encoding the protein was sequenced, an open reading frame of 555 base pairs was identified. The inferred polypeptide had a molecular weight of 20 kDa and an estimated isoelectric point of 8.14. Both the nucleotide sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence were distinct from those of bacterial proteins reported previously, suggesting that the protein is a novel Legionella protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Quantification of human splenic blood flow (quantitative measurement of splenic blood flow with H2(15)O and a dynamic state method: 1).

Positron emission tomography (PET) by means of a dynamic state method and H2(15)O was performed to quantify splenic blood flow in 20 patients who had no hepatic functional disorders. Non-linear regression analysis was applied to determine splenic blood flow. In calculating arterial input function for the spleen, our original exponential method was used to facilitate computerization. Mean splenic blood flow per 100 g of spleen (SBF) was 168.0 ml/min/100 g with a standard error (SE) of 12.4 ml/min. The mean spleen-blood partition coefficient for water (rho) was 0.767 with a SE of 0.020. Significant correlations were noted between the values for SBF obtained by the exponential method and linear method in which individual increasing values for arterial 15O concentration were used rectilinearly (r = 0.96, p < 0.005) and also between the values for rho obtained by the two methods (r = 0.95, p < 0.005). In order to validate the application of a one compartment model to an organ with a large blood volume such as the spleen, a further experiment was performed with a water flow model simulating splenic circulation. We succeeded in quantifying regional splenic blood flow by PET. It was thought that the quantification of splenic blood flow by our method would be beneficial in the study of splenic circulation, which is expected to be altered under conditions of portal hypertension, liver dysfunction and shock, etc.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between liver function and splenic blood flow (quantitative measurement of splenic blood flow with H2(15)O and a dynamic state method: 2).

We measured splenic blood flow in 55 patients by means of quantitative splenic positron emission tomography (PET), a novel, dynamic state method with H2(15)O as a tracer. Twenty-four of the 55 patients suffered from liver cirrhosis (LC), 25 showed no evidence of cirrhosis (NR) and 6 patients were diagnosed as having chronic hepatitis (CH). Splenic blood flow per 100 g weight of the spleen (SBF) was significantly correlated with splenic volume (r = -0.39, p < 0.005). The indocyanine green retention test at 15 min (r = -0.39, p < 0.005) and the hepaplastin test (r = 0.37, p < 0.025) also correlated significantly with SBF. The means and 95% confidence intervals for the LC, CH, and NR groups were 117.5 ml/min/100 g (96.6-138.4), 102.5 ml/min/100 g (60.6-144.4), and 160.3 ml/min/100 g (139.8-180.8), respectively. The differences in SBF between these 3 groups were significant (p < 0.01). We conclude that regional splenic blood flow is not proportionate to splenic volume, although the splenic volume does increase with the progressive chronic changes observed in hepatic diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Difference in regional hepatic blood flow in liver segments--non-invasive measurement of regional hepatic arterial and portal blood flow in human by positron emission tomography with H2(15)O.

Organ blood flow can be quantitatively measured by positron emission tomography (PET). As the liver has dual blood supplies, arterial and portal, regional hepatic blood flow had not been measured quantitatively. However, we succeeded in simultaneously measuring both regional hepatic arterial and portal blood flow by PET in non-stressed patients. Mean regional portal hepatic blood flow in patients with normal liver and cirrhotic liver was 57.5 and 36.7 ml/minutes/100 g, respectively. Mean regional arterial blood flow was 42.5 and 30.7 ml/minutes/100 g, respectively. A significant difference between regional portal hepatic blood flows in normal and cirrhotic patients was noted. Mean regional portal hepatic blood flow in the lateral, medial, anterior, and posterior segments of the liver was 29.8, 43.4, 50.0, and 40.9 ml/minutes/100 g, respectively. Mean regional arterial blood flow in each liver segment was 37.6, 30.0, 28.2, and 31.6 ml/minutes/100 g, respectively. A significant difference between regional portal hepatic blood flows in lateral and anterior segment was noted. The p value was less than 0.025 and the 95% confidence interval of the difference between means was from -20.2 to -2.7 ml/minutes/100 g by ANOVA. These results showed that regional hepatic blood flow is not the same in all the liver segments.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Inhibition by amiloride of gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in Wistar rats.

The effects of amiloride on the incidence and histological types of gastric cancers in Wistar rats induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and on the labelling index and proliferative fraction of gastric mucosa were investigated. After oral treatment with MNNG for 25 weeks, rats received s.c. injections of amiloride (0.25 mg kg-1 or 5.0 mg kg-1 body weight) in depot form every other day until the end of the experiment. Prolonged administration of 5.0 mg kg-1, but not 2.5 mg kg-1 of amiloride significantly decreased the incidence of gastric cancers in Week 52. However, it did not influence the histological features of the gastric cancers. It also significantly decreased the labelling index and proliferative fraction of the antral mucosa. These findings indicate that amiloride inhibits the development of gastric cancers, and that its effect may be related to its effect in decreasing cell proliferation of the antral mucosa.

Adenocarcinoma↗