[Effect of macrolides on IL-8 gene expression by cultured airway epithelial cells].
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Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
Biomedical subjects
H Takeda
Publications and source records attributed to H Takeda.
What does the positivity of a monoclonal antibody against H. pylori mean?
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Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Development of total artificial heart with economical and durability advantages.
To develop a total artificial heart (TAH) pump system, we created a design paying particular attention to durability and cost. We adopted a pneumatically driven sac type artificial heart, where the configuration of the sac was decided according to the methodology of flow visualization. Its configuration is almost round to achieve as little stagnation as possible and a low turbulent flow. The main body of the sac was made using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) paste. The paste was poured into an external mold, and heated in a hot air drying oven. Coating was performed using polyurethane. The basic performance of this pump system was tested using a model circulation circuit, and a fitting study through acute animal experiment, using a healthy adult goat, was carried out. As for the TAH produced experimentally, a pump output exceeding 5.0 l/min in the model circulation circuit was provided. Implantation in the internal pleural cavity of a healthy adult goat, 55 kg in weight, proved possible and quite easy in comparison. It is thought that a more refined design in the connector part is desirable. Furthermore, a chronic experiment with the TAH will be carried out, and examination will need to be repeated in the future.
Animals↗
Monitoring system for the totally implantable ventricular assist system by use of sensors for virtual reality.
For the development of the totally implantable artificial organs, it is an important problem to monitor the conditions of the implantable devices, especially when used in clinical cases. In this study we used position sensors for the 3-dimensional (3-D) virtual reality (VR) system monitor an implantable artificial heart. The sensors used in the experiments were 3-space Fastrak (Polhemus, USA). The position sensors using electro-magnetic forces were attached to the inner actuating zone. Sensitivity of the position sensors was in the order of around 0.8 mm. By use of these VR position sensors, we could easily detect the six degrees of freedom as x,y,z, and pitch, yaw, roll of these sensors. Experimental evaluation using a model circulation loop and healthy adult goats was performed. Experimental results suggest that our newly developed implantable sensors for monitoring the implantable artificial heart system were useful for sensing driving condition, thus possibly useful for the implantable devices for clinical usage.
Animals↗
Technique for arterial-phase contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography of the carotid and vertebral arteries.
Our goal was to evaluate whether contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography using the MR Smartprep technique would enable us to obtain arterial-phase MR angiograms of the carotid and vertebral arteries. The study included 35 patients with suspected lesions of the neck in whom the MR Smartprep technique was used for MR angiography performed with a 1.5-T superconducting system. The tracker volume was placed primarily in the middle part of the right common carotid artery. The imaging volume was placed in a coronal direction to include the carotid and vertebral arteries from the aortic arch to the skull base. A centric phase-ordering scheme was used. Imaging times were 20 to 38 seconds for 14 patients and 11 to 16 seconds for 21 patients. By using a smaller tracker volume and an imaging time of less than 16 seconds, we were able to achieve a 100% successful triggering rate and to delineate selectively arterial-phase carotid and vertebral arteries with almost no venous contamination. Contract-enhanced 3-D MR angiography with the MR Smartprep technique was useful for showing arterial-phase carotid and vertebral arteries selectively.
Aorta, Thoracic↗
Detection of coccoid Helicobacter pylori: light microscopical immunogold silver enhancing stain.
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can be morphologically divided into spiral and coccoid forms. Although many different staining procedures for light microscopy have been developed to detect H. pylori, there are no reports that the coccoid forms can be specially identified by a staining method. The ability to identify the coccoid form of H. pylori by light microscopy would be important for studies evaluating its possible role in gastric disease. We examined whether both the coccoid and the spiral forms could be stained using anti-H. pylori antibody. METHODS: Specimens from the stomachs of dyspeptic patients with proven H. pylori infection and H. pylori from culture (1st and 4th day) were stained with the light microscopic immunogold silver enhancing stain using the rabbit IgG specific for H. pylori. Cultured H. pylori was also stained with electron microscopic immunogold staining method using the same antibody. The number of coccoid forms was counted by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Biopsies and H. pylori from 6 patients were studied. H. pylori from both biopsy material and culture appeared as black organisms by light microscopic immunogold silver enhancing stain. The coccoid forms constituted 0.4% and 98.3% on days 1 and 4 of culture, respectively (by scanning electron microscopy). The antigen recognized by the anti-H. pylori antibody was located on the surface of the flagella, the cell wall, or in the cytoplasm by immunoelectron microscopy. CONCLUSION: This study shows that both spiral and coccoid forms of H. pylori can be detected by light microscopic immunogold silver enhancing stain using anti-H. pylori antibody. This simple stain is to be proven useful for studies aimed at understanding whether the coccoid form plays a role in disease.
Animals↗
Effects of rebamipide in combination with lansoprazole and amoxicillin on Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric ulcer patients.
The aim of this study was to compare the additive effect of rebamipide with that of teprenone in combination with dual therapy on H. pylori eradication. A total of 102 H. pylori-positive gastric ulcer patients were assigned at random to two groups; in addition to dual therapy (amoxicillin 500 mg thrice daily and lansoprazole 30 mg every morning for two weeks), one group received rebamipide 100 mg thrice daily for eight weeks, while the other group received teprenone 50 mg thrice daily for eight weeks. H. pylori diagnosis after treatment was made by [13C]UBT. The ulcer healing rate was 85.7% in the rebamipide group and 79.5% in the teprenone group (P = NS). The eradication rate was 68.4% (95% CI = 54-83%) in the rebamipide group and 47.7% (95% CI = 32-61%) in the teprenone group (P = 0.043) by per-protocol analysis. These findings suggest that the efficacy of dual therapy may be increased by the administration of rebamipide.
2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
Physical and genetic mapping of bovine CEBPA and PPARG genes.
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Animals↗
Ten minute 13C-urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection.
We investigated the utility of a 10-min 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) using 100mg of 13C-urea; this is a simple and rapid method for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection. One hundred and fifty-one patients in whom the identification of H. pylori was established by rapid urease test, culture, and histology of six biopsy specimens underwent 254 13C-UBT examinations before and/or after eradication treatment. In the 133 patients who did not receive eradication treatment, the calculated sensitivity of the 10-min 13C-UBT was 99.4% and specificity 100% when the cut-off point was set at 3.5/1000, using a mass spectrometer. In the 121 patients who received eradication treatment, this cut-off point gave a sensitivity of 86.7%, a specificity of 99.1%, and a positive predictive value of 92.9%, with a negative predictive value of 98.1%. There were no significant differences between the diagnosis of H. pylori infection at 1 month and more than 3 months after the endpoint of eradication treatment. The 10-min 13C-UBT is suitable for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection before and after eradication treatment.
Breath Tests↗
Epidermal growth factor stimulates the tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1 and association of SHPS-1 with SHP-2, a SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase.
SHPS-1 is a 120 kDa glycosylated receptor-like protein that contains immunoglobulin-like domains in its extracellular region and four potential tyrosine phosphorylation for SH2 domain binding sites in its cytoplasmic region. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulated the rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1 and subsequent association of SHPS-1 with SHP-2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase containing SH2 domains, in Chinese hamster ovary cells overexpressing human EGF receptors. In the cells overexpressing SHPS-1, the tyrosine phosphorylation of SHPS-1 was more evident than that observed in parent cells. However, overexpression of SHPS-1 alone did not affect the activation of MAP kinase in response to EGF. These results suggest that SHPS-1 may be involved in the recruitment of SHP-2 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane in response to EGF.
Animals↗
NF-kappaB inhibitors stimulate apoptosis of rabbit mature osteoclasts and inhibit bone resorption by these cells.
Interesting, recent studies have suggested a possibility that transcriptional factor NF-kappaB may play a functional role in the survival of mouse osteoclasts. However, it has not been known whether NF-kappaB is involved in apoptosis of and bone resorption by mature osteoclasts. Thus, using NF-kappaB inhibitors, we examined the functional role of NF-kappaB in the induction of apoptosis in rabbit mature osteoclasts. PDTC, a potent inhibitor of NF-kappaB, stimulated markedly apoptosis of the osteoclasts and inhibited bone resorption by these cells. These effects also was observed when three other inhibitors of NF-kappaB were used. And a gel mobility shift assay showed that PDTC also inhibited NF-kappaB binding to its consensus sequence in the cells. These results suggest a regulatory role for NF-kappaB in apoptosis in and bone resorption by rabbit mature osteoclasts.
Animals↗
Construction and characterization of a rad51rad52 double mutant as a host for YAC libraries.
RAD52 or RAD51 recombination-deficient yeast strains stabilize otherwise unstable YACs containing ribosomal DNA or the human color vision locus (Kohno et al., 1994). Thus the RAD52RAD51 pathways(s) are apparently involved in the instability of YACs containing tandem repeat loci, presumably by promoting recombination-based deletion formation. Some other genomic loci are still unstable or unrecoverable in those strains, but we now find that greater stability is observed in a rad51rad52 double mutant strain that we have newly constructed. YACs containing a highly unstable region around DXS49 or centromeric regions throw off a variety of products in single mutants, but are much more stable in the rad51rad52 strain, which could therefore provide a better host for library construction and maintenance.
Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast↗
Abnormal vaginal bleeding from endometrial polyps in a woman receiving tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer: report of a case.
We report herein the case of a women receiving tamoxifen therapy for breast cancer who developed vaginal bleeding, subsequently found to be caused by unusual endometrial polyps. Upon presentation, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a tumor within the uterus. A hysterectomy was performed, and macroscopic examination showed polyp-like lesions of the uterus. Histologically, these polyps demonstrated cystically dilated glands and stromal proliferation, and were diagnosed as endometrial polyps. Although tamoxifen has few side effects, any signs or symptoms of gynecological abnormalities should be carefully evaluated in patients on long-term tamoxifen therapy.
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗
Time and flow study results before and after installation of a hospital information system and radiology information system and before clinical use of a picture archiving and communication system.
The effectiveness of a hospital information system (HIS) and a radiological information system (RIS) was evaluated to optimize preparation for the planned full clinical operation of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS), which is now linked experimentally to the HIS and the RIS. One thousand IC (integrated circuit) cards were used for time studies and flow studies in the hospital. Measurements were performed on image examination order entry, image examination, reporting, and image delivery times. Even though after the HIS and the RIS operation only a small amount of time savings were realized in each time fraction component, such as in the patient movement time, examination time, and film delivery time, the total turn-around time was shortened markedly, by more than 23 hours on average. It was verified that the HIS and the RIS was beneficial in the outpatient clinics of the orthopedic department. Our method of measurement employing IC cards before and after HIS and RIS operations can be applied in other hospitals.
Computers↗
What role does Helicobacter pylori play in gastric cancer?
Several lines of evidence support an association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. The natural history of H. pylori-associated gastritis is inexorable progression ultimately leading to gastric atrophy. In general, this process requires between 20 and 40 years to complete. Atrophic gastritis is widely considered to be a precursor lesion of the intestinal type of gastric cancer. Moreover, areas with a high prevalence of H. pylori infection also have a high prevalence of gastric cancer. Strong evidence from three prospective studies shows the risk of gastric cancer to be increased fourfold in H. pylori-positive persons. Several retrospective studies have also confirmed that H. pylori infection is associated with development of gastric cancer, especially in the younger generation, early gastric cancer, and noncardiac gastric cancer. H. pylori alone is not likely responsible for gastric cancer. Rather, it may provide a suitable environment, including chronic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, for neoplastic change. Recognition of an association between H. pylori infection and gastric cancer has led to a major shift in emphasis on the cause of the disease. Research into H. pylori has focused attention on the importance of chronic inflammation and impaired host defense mechanisms as factors in the development of gastric cancer. H. pylori infection leads to changes in many factors that are important to the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, including vitamin C content of gastric juice, reactive oxygen metabolites, and epithelial cell proliferation. Eradication of the organism may reverse these changes. Therefore, eradication of H. pylori in infected persons might be a route to preventing gastric cancer, although many questions still remain as to the effectiveness of this strategy.
Chronic Disease↗
Time course study for airway inflammation and responsiveness by repeated provocation of aeroantigen in guinea pigs.
To investigate the mechanisms of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), we examined the time course for asthmatic responses (including immediate asthmatic response (IAR), late asthmatic response (LAR), and AHR), airway inflammation (including edema in the airway, accumulation of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and mediator release including histamine and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in BALF after the repeated provocation of aeroantigen in sensitized guinea pigs. Furthermore, we examined the effect of S-1452, a TXA2 receptor antagonist, on the antigen-induced airway obstruction and AHR in guinea pigs. We found that IAR occurred 1 min after every antigen inhalations. LAR was observed every 4 h after the inhalation of antigen without 1st or 2nd challenge. AHR was initially observed 4 h after the 5th inhalation of antigen, and then AHR was observed at every time measured even after the 6th provocation. The water content of the airway increased after the 2nd antigen inhalation. A number of leukocytes, especially eosinophils in BALF, was observed 30 min after the 2nd antigen inhalation. Desquamation of epithelia was observed 30 min after the 5th antigen inhalation. TXB2 and histamine in BALF were detected after the first antigen inhalation. These results suggest that LAR is caused by repeated airway inflammation such as eosinophilia and mediator release including TXA2. AHR may appear with the damages of lung tissue such as desquamation of epithelia. Oral administration of S-1452 (1 and 10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited LAR and AHR, assessed after the 6th antigen challenge. The present findings suggest that repeated antigen challenge causes airway inflammation and leads to the onset of LAR and AHR when became chronic. Furthermore, persistent generated TXA2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of antigen-induced late-phase obstruction and AHR.
Airway Obstruction↗
Respiratory oxygen cost for dead space challenge is characteristically increased during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: does it further decrease exercise capacity?
BACKGROUND: Although the work of the respiratory muscles is markedly increased during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure, the role of this abnormality in exercise intolerance is still controversial. This issue may be clarified directly by dead space challenge, as this technique increases minute ventilation. Therefore, in this study, the effects of an external dead space on exercise ventilation, gas exchange data, and exercise capacity in patients with chronic heart failure were examined. METHODS AND RESULTS: Dead space challenge was performed by adding an external dead space to the airway in 20 patients with chronic heart failure and 10 normal subjects. Two hours after completion of the control maximal bicycle exercise, the second exercise was performed under application of an external dead space equivalent to 10% of peak tidal volume. Respiratory gas exchange data were collected during exercise. Aerobic exercise capacity was assessed from the exercise time and the time to anaerobic threshold. The sensation of exertional dyspnea was assessed using Borg's rating scale. As compared with data during the control exercise, minute ventilation was increased by approximately 25% with the external dead space throughout exercise in both groups. A parallel 20% increase in systemic oxygen uptake was observed in the heart failure group, likely reflecting an increase in respiratory muscle work. This response was not observed in the normal group. Despite an additional increase in respiratory muscle work, neither aerobic exercise capacity nor exertional dyspnea was exacerbated in the heart failure group by the external dead space. CONCLUSIONS: Dead space challenge appears to be a unique technique that characteristically increases the work of respiratory muscles during exercise in patients with chronic heart failure. By use of this technique, it was demonstrated that an increase in respiratory muscle work is not important in reducing exercise capacity of patients with chronic heart failure.
Adult↗