Carcinoma in situ of the pancreas associated with localized fibrosis: a clue to early detection of neoplastic lesions arising from pancreatic ducts.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
H Takeda
Publications and source records attributed to H Takeda.
Cutaneous disseminated actinomycosis in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
Actinomycosis is an uncommon infectious disease caused predominantly by Actinomyces israelii. The cutaneous disseminated form is usually caused by hematogenous dissemination from a primary extra-cutaneous lesion. We report here cutaneous disseminated actinomycosis without any detectable extra-cutaneous lesions in a 42-year-old Japanese woman with acute lymphocytic leukemia. Multiple soft nodules developed on her upper and lower extremities. Histopathological examination revealed "sulfur granules", which are a specific finding for actinomycosis. Cultures from biopsy specimens were not successful. There were no cervicofacial, thoracic, nor abdominal lesions. These findings suggest that cutaneous disseminated actinomycosis in our patient developed primarily in the skin. Although the patient was immunocompromised, antibiotic treatment with minocycline was effective.
Actinobacillus↗
Review article: Long-term Helicobacter pylori infection--from gastritis to gastric cancer.
An analysis carried out in 1994 by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) resulted in Helicobacter pylori being designated as a Group 1 carcinogen and thus clearly having an association with the development of gastric cancer. In the case of H. pylori, the evaluation was made solely on the basis of epidemiological results. In Japan, in 1993, only 235,000 of the 60 million people with H. pylori had gastric cancer. This represents only 0.4% of the infected population. Each individual reacts in a unique way to H. pylori infection in terms of the inflammatory response. The probability of developing cancer will be determined by environmental factors such as diet, duration of or age at acquisition of H. pylori infection, the virulence of H. pylori strains, and host factors including genetic make-up.
Antibodies, Bacterial↗
[Study on pathogenetic role of myeloperoxidase, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interferon gamma in chronic airway infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa].
This study was performed to demonstrate the pathogenetic role of mucoid-alginate produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in relation to immuno-interaction in host cells. The obtained results are as follows. 1. Clinical Observation The concentration of MPO, TNF alpha, and IFN gamma in peripheral blood of 37 cases of chronic airway infection were observed. The cases were divided into the groups with mucoid strain positive (21 cases) and negative (16 cases), and each group was also divided into subgroups with active clinical symptom and without. High concentration of serum IFN gamma was shown in the group of mucoid strain positive cases (0.10 +/- 0.08 IU/ml in healthy volunteers group, 0.54 +/- 0.56 IU/ml in mucoid group with symptom: p < 0.01, 0.09 +/- 0.15 IU/ml in mucoid group without symptom, 0.13 +/- 0.13 IU/ml in non-mucoid group with symptom, 0.09 +/- 0.13 IU/ml in non-mucoid group without symptom). But plasma concentrations of MPO and serum concentrations of TNF alpha were not increased in all groups, except MPO in non-mucoid group with symptom. It indicates that IFN gamma has a characteristic role in chronic airway infection with mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). 2. Experimental Observation One hundred twenty-two of alginate-immunized mice were made by 5 times of intraabdominal injection with purified alginate extracted from mucoid P. aeruginosa PT-1252. 4 x 10(6) CFU/body of mucoid P. aeruginosa PT-1252 or 20 micrograms/body of purified alginate was intubated per trachea into the immunized mice, and changes in mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of MPO and TNF alpha on neutrophils and IFN gamma on CD3 positive lymphocytes in BALF were observed. MFI of MPO (99.7 +/- 16.5-->177.0 +/- 23.1: p < 0.001) and TNF alpha (59.2 +/- 13.3-->197.0 +/- 62.0: p < 0.001) were increased on day 2 and they were kept up till on day 30 in P. aeruginosa group. But in alginate group they were temporally decreased on day 2, and they were gradually increased (MPO: 99.7 +/- 16.5-->212.6 +/- 12.1: p < 0.001, TNF alpha: 59.2 +/- 13.3-->162.4 +/- 30.9: p < 0.01). The temporally decrease of MPO and TNF alpha on day 2 in alginate group may suggest that a large amount of alginate inhibits neutrophils chemotaxis. MFI of IFN gamma in P. aeruginosa was also increased (110.0 +/- 32.9-->198.3 +/- 23.0: p < 0.01) on day 2 and it was gradually decreased on day 30 (156.0 +/- 13.8). In alginate group, MFI of IFN gamma in BALF was increased on day 5 (110.0 +/- 32.9-->201.0 +/- 49.3: p < 0.001) and kept a high level till day 30 (223.0 +/- 57.5: p < 0.01). In morphological, the moderate grade of lymphocytes infiltration observed in intersitial area of lung tissue on both groups of P. aeruginosa and alginate intubation mice. The findings was continuously seen from day 5 through day 30. The lymphocytes infiltration appeared in lung tissue can be though as an result of immuno-interaction with IFN gamma positive lymphocytes and mucoid-alginate. Inferences are drawn from the clinical results and the experimental ones that the CD3 positive IFN gamma lymphocytes expressed by immunological interaction with mucoid-alginate and the IFN gamma lymphocytes (Th1 like cells) plays an important role on advancement of chronic airway infection with mucoid P. aeruginosa.
Alginates↗
Cytomegalovirus mononucleosis with decreased H2O2 production of neutrophil in an immunocompetent adult.
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Adult↗
Eccrine syringofibroadenoma: report of a case and analysis of cytokeratin expression.
Eccrine syringofibroadenoma (ESFA) is a rare disorder which shows differentiation toward the eccrine sweat apparatus. There is a controversy concerning the pathogenesis and precise differentiation of this tumor. We report a case of ESFA and its differentiation pattern by an analysis of cytokeratin expression. Using paraffin-embedded materials, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Staining patterns of the luminal, peripheral, and inner cells of the tumor strands closely matched or mimicked those of the luminal, outer and intermediate cells of the normal eccrine dermal duct, respectively. The case of ESFA reported revealed a pattern of differentiation suggestive of an eccrine duct origin.
Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
Differentiation of the inhibitory effects of calcium antagonists on abnormal behaviors induced by methamphetamine or phencyclidine.
The abnormal behaviors induced by methamphetamine (MAP: 1 mg/kg) or phencyclidine (PCP: 10 mg/kg) were measured using behavioral analysis following the microinjection of one of three calcium (Ca) antagonists (nifedipine: Nif, nicardipine: Nic and flunarizine: Flu) into the rat caudate putamen or amygdala. The intraperitoneal administration of MAP or PCP induced abnormal behaviors in a time-dependent manner; the maximum locomotor activity was measured 30-45 min after the administration of MAP or PCP. This hyperactivity was sustained for more than 2 h. Following microinjection of these Ca antagonists into the caudate putamen, each showed a different pattern of inhibition on MAP- or PCP-induced abnormal behaviors. Nic and Flu were effective at reducing these abnormal behaviors, in contrast, Nif was ineffective. In particular, the inhibitory effect of Nic was stronger than that of Flu. Microinjection of these Ca antagonists into the amygdala did not show any reductive effect on the hyperactivity induced by MAP or PCP. These results demonstrate that these Ca antagonists have different pharmacological properties and that both L- and T-type Ca2+ channels modulate the dopamine release in the rat caudate putamen. These results further lead us to suggest the presence of a subtype of L-type Ca2+ channels in the caudate putamen.
Amygdala↗
Initial anteroposterior pattern of the zebrafish central nervous system is determined by differential competence of the epiblast.
Analyses using amphibian embryos proposed that induction and anteroposterior patterning of the central nervous system is initiated by signals that are produced by the organizer and organizer-derived axial mesoderm. However, we show here that the initial anteroposterior pattern of the zebrafish central nervous system depends on the differential competence of the epiblast and is not imposed by organizer-derived signals. This anteroposterior information is present throughout the epiblast in ectodermal cells that normally give rise both to neural and non-neural derivatives. Because of this information, organizer tissues transplanted to the ventral side of the embryo induce neural tissue but the anteroposterior identity of the induced neural tissue is dependent upon the position of the induced tissue within the epiblast. Thus, otx2, an anterior neural marker, was only ever induced in anterior regions of the embryo, irrespective of the position of the grafts. Similarly, hoxa-1, a posterior neural marker was induced only in the posterior regions. Furthermore, the boundary of each ectopic expression domain on the ventral side was always at an equivalent latitude to that of the endogenous expression of the dorsal side of the embryo. The anteroposterior specification of the epiblast is independent of the dorsoventral specification of the embryo because neural tissues induced in the ventralized embryos also showed anteroposterior polarity. Cell transplantation and RNA injection experiments showed that non-axial marginal mesoderm and FGF signalling is required for anteroposterior specification of the epiblast. However, the requirement for FGF signalling is indirect in that cells with compromised ability to respond to FGF can still respond to anteroposterior positional information.
Animals↗
Overexpression of the forebrain-specific homeobox gene six3 induces rostral forebrain enlargement in zebrafish.
The Drosophila homeobox gene sine oculis is expressed in the rostral region of the embryo in early development and is essential for eye and brain formation. Its murine homolog, Six3, is expressed in the anterior neural plate and eye anlage, and may have crucial functions in eye and brain development. In this study, we describe the cloning and expression of zebrafish six3, the apparent ortholog of the mouse Six3 gene. Zebrafish six3 transcripts are first seen in hypoblast cells in early gastrula embryos and are found in the anterior axial mesendoderm through gastrulation. six3 expression in the head ectoderm begins at late gastrula. Throughout the segmentation period, six3 is expressed in the rostral region of the prospective forebrain. Overexpression of six3 in zebrafish embryos induced enlargement of the rostral forebrain, enhanced expression of pax2 in the optic stalk and led to a general disorganization of the brain. Disruption of either the Six domain or the homeodomain abolish these effects, implying that these domains are essential for six3 gene function. Our results suggest that the vertebrate Six3 genes are involved in the formation of the rostral forebrain.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Variation of monoamines and their metabolite contents in the cerebrospinal fluid of conscious rats.
To study the circadian rhythm of the monoamine and metabolite contents, cerebrospinal fluid was taken from the cisterna magna through a polyethylene catheter tube every 4 hr in the conscious rat. Norepinephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol were found to describe a rhythm with the maximal content occurring during the dark phase and the minimal content occurring during the light phase. Dopamine levels increased significantly during the light phase compared with the dark phase. These results, given that cerebrospinal fluid can be taken chronically from conscious rats, indicate that our present method may be suitable for estimating changes in brain monoamine and metabolite contents.
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
Antagonism of central CRF systems mediates stress-induced changes in noradrenaline and serotonin turnover in rat brain regions.
The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems mediate the changes in the dynamics of brain noradrenergic and serotonergic systems induced by electric footshock stress. Serum corticosterone concentrations were determined fluorometrically and brain monoamine contents (noradrenaline, serotonin and their metabolites) in five brain regions in rats were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection 10 and 40 min after exposure to electric footshock stress for 1 hour. Intracerebroventricular administration of a CRF antagonist, alpha-helical CRF (100 micrograms), had no effect on serum corticosterone concentrations in either normal or stressed animals. However, electric footshock stress-induced increases in noradrenaline turnover were significantly reduced by the administration of alpha-helical CRF9-41, in the amygdala and septum at both time points after exposure to electric footshock stress. In contrast, electric footshock stress-induced increases in serotonin turnover in all of the brain regions were further elevated by the administration of alpha-helical CRF 9-41, in almost all of the brain regions examined. These results suggest that central CRF neuronal systems are involved in mediating the electric footshock stress-induced changes in the dynamics of brain noradrenergic and serotonergic systems in rats.
Animals↗
[Obesity as one of the risk factors for urolithiasis].
BACKGROUND: It is well known that many diseases may be associated with obesity resulting from an energy-rich diet, and that a westernized diet may increase the incidence of urinary stone formation. To evaluate degree of obesity, we investigated body mass index (BMI) in patients with calcium containing upper urinary stones and examined their blood with regard to lipid metabolism. METHODS: Between July 1994 and December 1995, we analyzed 332 fresh renal-stone formers (253 males and 79 females) who visited 7 hospitals located in Ehime prefecture. As a control, 949 residents older than 20 years (387 males and 562 females) of the same prefecture were also examined by the annual Ehime prefecture office report of 1994. Body mass index as degree of obesity, stone-recurrence, blood test and other complicated diseases were examined. RESULTS: In male stone formers the rate of obesity was significantly higher than that of control males (p < 0.001). The differences were seen only in their twenties and fifties. Furthermore, among male stone formers the rate of obesity was significantly higher in recurrent stone formers than in single stone formers (p < 0.05). On the other hand, in female, there was no significant difference in the rate of obesity between stone formers and controls. No difference was seen between recurrent stone formers and single stone formers. In the blood test, there was no differences in the level of calcium, phosphate and uric acid between stone formers and controls. The level of cholesterol and triglyceride in male were significantly higher in controls (p < 0.01) and there was no difference in the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) between stone formers and controls. Among the stone formers, 48 males (20.0%) and 17 females (21.5%) had other diseases. The rate of complicated diseases was similar to that of controls and no specific diseases in the stone formers were identified. CONCLUSION: Our report suggested that obesity in male should be considered as a risk factor for calcium containing stone formation.
Adult↗
Devices for structured data entry in electronic patient record.
Electronic patient record is expected to have edit, data analysis, and decision supporting functions. To realize these functions, the entered data should be structured. We made a template based data entry system with some devices. We defined a template for each describing unit, i.e., symptom, physical finding and examination report. Template is composed of several describing elements (a pair of property and value), which form tree structure in general. When a template is selected, the top layers of the elements are displayed at once allowing data entry. When the data qualified by other elements is entered then system presents the second layer about this data at once. This enables users to skip entering some unnecessary items. Users can constitute a form by combining some templates frequently used in a situation. Furthermore, at the second patient visit, the system can present the templates used in the former patient visit to check the different point. These templates and forms can be made easily by editing the master data using template master maintenance program. The entered patient data are presented in progress note and flow sheet. In progress note, the entered data are translated into natural language. In the flow sheet, representative data of each template are present in the cell of the matrix whose line indicates the describing unit and column indicates date. If the cell is clicked, then the details are presented. Using this system, we made templates and forms for cardiovascular field and entered the data about an actual patient with angina pectoris. The time taken by inputting data is shorter than that by handwriting and the content is enough for a patient record. This system is practical for structured data entry in electrical patient record.
Cardiovascular Diseases↗
Functional evaluation of telemedicine with super high definition images and B-ISDN.
In order to determine whether a super high definition (SHD) image running at a series of 2048 resolution x 2048 line x 60 frame/sec was capable of telemedicine, we established a filing system for medical images and two experiments for transmission of high quality images were performed. All images of various types, produced from one case of ischemic heart disease were digitized and registered into the filing system. Images consisted of plain chest x-ray, electrocardiogram, ultrasound cardiogram, cardiac scintigram, coronary angiogram, left ventriculogram and so on. All images were animated and totaled a number of 243. We prepared a graphic user interface (GUI) for image retrieval based on the medical events and modalities. Twenty one cardiac specialists evaluated quality of the SHD images to be somewhat poor compared to the original pictures but sufficient for making diagnoses, and effective as a tool for teaching and case study purposes. The system capability of simultaneously displaying several animated images was especially deemed effective in grasping comprehension of diagnosis. Efficient input methods and creating capacity of filing all produced images are future issue. Using B-ISDN network, the SHD file was prefetched to the servers at Kyoto University Hospital and BBCC (Bradband ISDN Business chance & Culture Creation) laboratory as an telemedicine experiment. Simultaneous video conference system, the control of image retrieval and pointing function made the teleconference successful in terms of high quality of medical images, quick response time and interactive data exchange.
Computer Communication Networks↗
Muramyl dipeptide injected into crushed sciatic nerve, activates macrophages and promotes recovery of walking locomotion in rats.
We injected an immunoadjuvant, muramyl dipeptide (MDP), intrafascicularly into crushed rat sciatic nerve so as to test whether activation of macrophages promotes regeneration of peripheral nerve from crush injury and improves walking locomotion in rats. Immunohistochemical staining of Schwann cells and macrophages with anti-S100 and ED-1 monoclonal antibodies revealed that macrophages are more abundant and phagocytic in nerve injected with MDP than in control. Axonal elongation in damaged nerve and locomotion recovery in rats were evaluated with pinch test and measurement of sciatic nerve functional index (SFI), respectively. Pinch test showed a 15.5% increase in length (n = 6, p < 0.05) of elongating axons for MDP-injected group 5 days after the crush injury comparing to the control group. The value of SFI obtained from the rats injected with MDP showed a 18.3 % increase (n = 4-6, p < 0.01) comparing to the control 3 weeks after the crush injury. Activation of macrophages in the nerve injected with MDP was monitored by detecting gene expression of marker molecules for macrophages such as apolipoprotein E (ApoE), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) technique 2 days and 1 week after the injection. Levels of transcripts of IL-1beta and MIP-1alpha were up-regulated in the nerves injected with MDP 1 week after MDP injection. These results suggest that an intrafascicular injection of MDP activates macrophages infiltrating into damaged nerve and that the macrophages support elongation of regenerating axon, resulting in functional recovery of sciatic nerve from injury in rats.
Journal Article↗
Lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis.
AIM: To describe the clinical features of lipodystrophia centrifugalis abdominalis infantilis (LCAI) with special attention to the erythema which is seen around the depressed lesion. BACKGROUND: LCAI is a rare disorder which occurs mainly in Asian people, particularly in Japanese; it usually begins as an erythematous macule which subsequently expands centrifugally and leaves a central depression. However, the erythema has been seldom documented in detail. We here report a case of LCAI observed from its early stage and review the literature. CASE REPORT: A 2-year-old Japanese girl was brought to our out-patient clinic. Clinical examination revealed a slight depression surrounded by faint erythema that mimicked morphea on her left inguinum, but there was no hardening of the skin. The erythema disappeared 5 months after onset. Thereafter, the lipodystrophy expanded irrespective of the treatment to her right inguinum and lower abdomen. CONCLUSIONS: The depression continues to grow without the erythema in most patients. This suggests that the erythema is not necessary for enlargement of the depression although it precedes the depression in most patients.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
[Selective disaccharidase deficiency].
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Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors↗
[Bone absorption suppression by broad spectrum antibiotics].
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Ampicillin↗